Sociology Unit 1
According to Cooley, we use others as _______ to help determine who we are. - Magnifying glasses -Binoculars -Microscopes -A looking glass or mirror
A looking glass or mirror
Culture refers to: -The information communicated by our cultural script -the set beliefs, traditions and practices - the materials, such as books, and nonmaterial, such as values, in society. - all of the above
All of the above
When researchers establish causality, they need to: - Have the correct time order - Indicate correlation - Eliminate alternative explanations - all of the above
All of the above
Which of the following theories apply to understanding the material in The Crash Reel? - Functionalist analysis of understanding how families provide stability in life - Conflict analysis in examining how businesses "cash in" on risk and danger. - Gender analysis exploring how risk is higher in male-dominated sports - all of the above analysis are correct
All of the above
In distinguishing the level of importance of cultural norms, one would: - Analyze differences in the sanctions and rewards that apply - Assume that all norms have equal weight - look at TV - analyze only formal norms that are documented and written into law
Analyze differences in the sanctions and rewards that apply
According to Durkheim, societies with a higher suicide rate typically experience: - More clinical depression - More resources - Anomie; a lack of social norms and purpose - Greater self esteem
Anomie; a lack of social norms and purpose
Sociology emerged: - During the Bush administration - At the time of European industrializations - during the period of the roman empire - after the Maoist empire in china
At the time of European industrializations
Which term refers to the transgression of socially established norms? - Deviance - Crime - Legal infraction - Juvenile delinquency
Deviance
Karl Marx: - Divided people in modern society into two groups; proletariats and bourgeoisie - Societies are stable over time - believed in a positivist approach in social science - none of the above
Divided people in modern society into two groups; proletariats and bourgeoisie
According to Durkheim, what do industrial societies establish to create social solidarity? - Division of labor - Criminal justice systems - formal higher education -dictatorship
Division of labor
A classroom experiment of eyewitness accounts of criminal activity would not be possible due to which issue? - Problem of validity - Ethical issue of "do no harm" - Problem of generalizability - Ethical issue of "institutional approval"
Ethical issue of "do no harm"
A strength of participant observation is the ability to generalize regarding the population/popularity. -True -False
False
After one year of rehab, neurologists gave Kevin permission to return to snowboarding. - True - False
False
Cultural relativism analyses life from various cultural lenses. -True -False
False
Formal social control mechanism are always more effective than informal mechanisms
False
Kevin Pearce made the Olympic team after experiencing traumatic brain injury (TBI.) -True -False
False
Labor day celebrated in the United States occurs simultaneously worldwide with other nation's Labor Day events. -True -False
False
Sociologists argue that all of human behavior is DETERMINED by social structures.
False
The experiment by Joshua Bell and The Washington Post demonstrated that subway commuters will stop to enjoy excellent classical music. - True -False
False
Which early feminist translated Comte's works into English? - Harriet Martineau -Glenda Marx - Jane Addams -Martha Washington
Harriett Martineau
Being observed may influence the participants behavior. This is known as the: - System of social control - Hawthorne effect - Thomas theorem - maze of corn
Hawthorne effect
The term __________ is used to indicate a variable that creates a change. It is the cause of the change.: -Dependent - Independent -Control -Spurious
Independent
In science, assessing how to measure a variable is considered establishing a/an: - Formal induction -Informal induction -Operational definition -Scale
Operational definition
Being in a total institution, such as a prison, typically involves: - Re- socialization - Proscriptive norms - Ascription - Prescriptive norms
Re-socialization
The situation of stewardesses having to be both flirtatious and professional reflects: - Role strain - The looking glass self - Deductive causation -Double consciousness
Role strain
Societies try to regulate the behavior of people and prevent deviance. This is: - Neighborhood watch -Socialization -Social control -The legal system
Social control
The lifelong process by which people internalize social values, beliefs and norms is: - Criminalization - Brain washing - Ethnocentrism - Socialization
Socialization
Which paradigm asserts that the inherent drive of societies is to create order and stability? - Structural functionalism - Conflict - Symbolic interactionism - Sociobiology
Structural functionalism
If a sociologist wanted to understand American workers' opinions regarding their health insurance, which method would be the most appropriate choice? - Ethnography - Experiment - Survey - Participant observation
Survey
Which theory assumes that society is the sum of individual interactions and behaviors? - Symbolic interactionism - Strain theory - Conflict theory - Feminist theory
Symbolic interactionism
Emotion work refers to: -crying after a long day at work -studies by psychologists regarding emotional regulations in the brain - infants crying after childbirth - the commercialization of feelings on the job
The commercialization of feelings on the job
Sociology is: - The systematic study of human society - the opinion of left-wing liberals - a bogus class that I dislike - the most amount of fun that I have had in a while
The systematic study of human society
According to C. Wright Mills, the power elite structure in America is an interchangeable group that controls key institution in society - True -False
True
Cultural imperialism occurs without requiring military intervention. - True -False
True
If an ascribed status becomes a master status, inequality is typically present -True -False
True
Marxists argue that proletariats are misled by a false ideology that prevents a revolution. - True - False
True
Organizations such Special Olympics, help combat anomie for those with disabilities. - True -False
True
Positivist sociology focuses on scientific methods that generate predictions and proof. - True -False
True
Secondary deviance occurs when people engage in deviance after being labeled. - True -False
True
Sociologists examine the importance of the "narrative" because information can be embedded with very diverse language and meaning. -True -False
True
The YouTube video showing a toddler throwing a temper tantrum illustrates Goffman's dramaturgical analysis: - True -False
True
While the media has power to shape cultural norms, postmodern technology has had democratizing influence over participation in media communication. -True -False
True
Since the unemployment rate fails to capture a significant number of Americans that are unemployed, what research issue emerges? - Validity - Generalizability - Reliability - Hawthorne effect
Validity
A hypothesis is: - A statement based on liberal bias - a religious fact that is found in the bible - based on calculus equations - a causal argument that links together two or more variables
a causal argument that links together two or more variables
Which of the following best reflects the concept of hidden curriculum? -math classes -grammar instruction -technology in the classroom - cooperative work, such as group projects and competition for good grades.
cooperative work, such as group projects and competition for good grades
W.E.B Dubois: - was a founding member of the National Public Policy Advocates (NPPA) - developed the concept of double consciousness and applied the concept of anomie to understanding criminal activity -organized the Hull House in Denver - believed that African Americans ought to lower their expectation about success
developed the concept of double consciousness and applied the concept of anomie to understanding criminal activity
The basic idea behind labeling theory is that: - deviance is imaginary - deviance arises not from what people do but how others respond - resources restrict society's ability to construct deviance - all of the above
deviance arises not from what people do but how others respond
Norms are: - Collective ideas - expectations regarding acceptable behaviors, beliefs and conditions - YouTube channel surfing - figments of our imagination
expectations regarding acceptable behaviors, beliefs and conditions
According to feminists, women are subordinate to men in society because of: - biological differences - structures of power and social convention - the need for stability and consistency in society - God's will
structures of power and social convention
Conflict theorists argue that: - Societies are stable and orderly - Symbols, language and signs are significant - there is limited access to scarce resources - the military determines all aspects of our life
there is limited access to scarce resources
The sociological imagination allows people to: - understand the relationship between body and mind -understand the relationship between politics and religion -understand the relationship between psychology and political science -understand the relationship between social and individual issues
understand the relationship between social and individual issues