Sociology Unit 1

According to Cooley, we use others as _______ to help determine who we are. - Magnifying glasses -Binoculars -Microscopes -A looking glass or mirror

A looking glass or mirror

Culture refers to: -The information communicated by our cultural script -the set beliefs, traditions and practices - the materials, such as books, and nonmaterial, such as values, in society. - all of the above

All of the above

When researchers establish causality, they need to: - Have the correct time order - Indicate correlation - Eliminate alternative explanations - all of the above

All of the above

Which of the following theories apply to understanding the material in The Crash Reel? - Functionalist analysis of understanding how families provide stability in life - Conflict analysis in examining how businesses "cash in" on risk and danger. - Gender analysis exploring how risk is higher in male-dominated sports - all of the above analysis are correct

All of the above

In distinguishing the level of importance of cultural norms, one would: - Analyze differences in the sanctions and rewards that apply - Assume that all norms have equal weight - look at TV - analyze only formal norms that are documented and written into law

Analyze differences in the sanctions and rewards that apply

According to Durkheim, societies with a higher suicide rate typically experience: - More clinical depression - More resources - Anomie; a lack of social norms and purpose - Greater self esteem

Anomie; a lack of social norms and purpose

Sociology emerged: - During the Bush administration - At the time of European industrializations - during the period of the roman empire - after the Maoist empire in china

At the time of European industrializations

Which term refers to the transgression of socially established norms? - Deviance - Crime - Legal infraction - Juvenile delinquency

Deviance

Karl Marx: - Divided people in modern society into two groups; proletariats and bourgeoisie - Societies are stable over time - believed in a positivist approach in social science - none of the above

Divided people in modern society into two groups; proletariats and bourgeoisie

According to Durkheim, what do industrial societies establish to create social solidarity? - Division of labor - Criminal justice systems - formal higher education -dictatorship

Division of labor

A classroom experiment of eyewitness accounts of criminal activity would not be possible due to which issue? - Problem of validity - Ethical issue of "do no harm" - Problem of generalizability - Ethical issue of "institutional approval"

Ethical issue of "do no harm"

A strength of participant observation is the ability to generalize regarding the population/popularity. -True -False

False

After one year of rehab, neurologists gave Kevin permission to return to snowboarding. - True - False

False

Cultural relativism analyses life from various cultural lenses. -True -False

False

Formal social control mechanism are always more effective than informal mechanisms

False

Kevin Pearce made the Olympic team after experiencing traumatic brain injury (TBI.) -True -False

False

Labor day celebrated in the United States occurs simultaneously worldwide with other nation's Labor Day events. -True -False

False

Sociologists argue that all of human behavior is DETERMINED by social structures.

False

The experiment by Joshua Bell and The Washington Post demonstrated that subway commuters will stop to enjoy excellent classical music. - True -False

False

Which early feminist translated Comte's works into English? - Harriet Martineau -Glenda Marx - Jane Addams -Martha Washington

Harriett Martineau

Being observed may influence the participants behavior. This is known as the: - System of social control - Hawthorne effect - Thomas theorem - maze of corn

Hawthorne effect

The term __________ is used to indicate a variable that creates a change. It is the cause of the change.: -Dependent - Independent -Control -Spurious

Independent

In science, assessing how to measure a variable is considered establishing a/an: - Formal induction -Informal induction -Operational definition -Scale

Operational definition

Being in a total institution, such as a prison, typically involves: - Re- socialization - Proscriptive norms - Ascription - Prescriptive norms

Re-socialization

The situation of stewardesses having to be both flirtatious and professional reflects: - Role strain - The looking glass self - Deductive causation -Double consciousness

Role strain

Societies try to regulate the behavior of people and prevent deviance. This is: - Neighborhood watch -Socialization -Social control -The legal system

Social control

The lifelong process by which people internalize social values, beliefs and norms is: - Criminalization - Brain washing - Ethnocentrism - Socialization

Socialization

Which paradigm asserts that the inherent drive of societies is to create order and stability? - Structural functionalism - Conflict - Symbolic interactionism - Sociobiology

Structural functionalism

If a sociologist wanted to understand American workers' opinions regarding their health insurance, which method would be the most appropriate choice? - Ethnography - Experiment - Survey - Participant observation

Survey

Which theory assumes that society is the sum of individual interactions and behaviors? - Symbolic interactionism - Strain theory - Conflict theory - Feminist theory

Symbolic interactionism

Emotion work refers to: -crying after a long day at work -studies by psychologists regarding emotional regulations in the brain - infants crying after childbirth - the commercialization of feelings on the job

The commercialization of feelings on the job

Sociology is: - The systematic study of human society - the opinion of left-wing liberals - a bogus class that I dislike - the most amount of fun that I have had in a while

The systematic study of human society

According to C. Wright Mills, the power elite structure in America is an interchangeable group that controls key institution in society - True -False

True

Cultural imperialism occurs without requiring military intervention. - True -False

True

If an ascribed status becomes a master status, inequality is typically present -True -False

True

Marxists argue that proletariats are misled by a false ideology that prevents a revolution. - True - False

True

Organizations such Special Olympics, help combat anomie for those with disabilities. - True -False

True

Positivist sociology focuses on scientific methods that generate predictions and proof. - True -False

True

Secondary deviance occurs when people engage in deviance after being labeled. - True -False

True

Sociologists examine the importance of the "narrative" because information can be embedded with very diverse language and meaning. -True -False

True

The YouTube video showing a toddler throwing a temper tantrum illustrates Goffman's dramaturgical analysis: - True -False

True

While the media has power to shape cultural norms, postmodern technology has had democratizing influence over participation in media communication. -True -False

True

Since the unemployment rate fails to capture a significant number of Americans that are unemployed, what research issue emerges? - Validity - Generalizability - Reliability - Hawthorne effect

Validity

A hypothesis is: - A statement based on liberal bias - a religious fact that is found in the bible - based on calculus equations - a causal argument that links together two or more variables

a causal argument that links together two or more variables

Which of the following best reflects the concept of hidden curriculum? -math classes -grammar instruction -technology in the classroom - cooperative work, such as group projects and competition for good grades.

cooperative work, such as group projects and competition for good grades

W.E.B Dubois: - was a founding member of the National Public Policy Advocates (NPPA) - developed the concept of double consciousness and applied the concept of anomie to understanding criminal activity -organized the Hull House in Denver - believed that African Americans ought to lower their expectation about success

developed the concept of double consciousness and applied the concept of anomie to understanding criminal activity

The basic idea behind labeling theory is that: - deviance is imaginary - deviance arises not from what people do but how others respond - resources restrict society's ability to construct deviance - all of the above

deviance arises not from what people do but how others respond

Norms are: - Collective ideas - expectations regarding acceptable behaviors, beliefs and conditions - YouTube channel surfing - figments of our imagination

expectations regarding acceptable behaviors, beliefs and conditions

According to feminists, women are subordinate to men in society because of: - biological differences - structures of power and social convention - the need for stability and consistency in society - God's will

structures of power and social convention

Conflict theorists argue that: - Societies are stable and orderly - Symbols, language and signs are significant - there is limited access to scarce resources - the military determines all aspects of our life

there is limited access to scarce resources

The sociological imagination allows people to: - understand the relationship between body and mind -understand the relationship between politics and religion -understand the relationship between psychology and political science -understand the relationship between social and individual issues

understand the relationship between social and individual issues