SOCy - Ch. 4

The term deviance can be best defined as: Social reward for the violation of norms. The regulation and enforcement of norms. The act of notifying authorities when criminal acts are occurring. A violation of established contextual, cultural, or social norms, whether folkways, mores, or codified law.

A violation of established contextual, cultural, or social norms, whether folkways, mores, or codified law.

Sandy is standing in line for concert tickets. The line wraps around the block, spilling into the streets and crowding store windows. Sandy is part of a(n): Dyad Triad In-group Aggregate

Aggregate

Which of the following is an example of a negative informal sanction? Mario being sent to jail after robbing a CVS. Meredith receiving compliments on her hair after visiting the salon. Beatrix being booed off stage after telling an offensive joke during her comedy routine. Eleanor being given a "Teacher of the Year" award for her work as a high school English teacher.

Beatrix being booed off stage after telling an offensive joke during her comedy routine.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a bureaucracy: Personality-based promotion Impersonality Clear division of labor Explicit rules

Personality-based promotion

Functionalist Emile Durkheim believed that having some deviance within society was: Instrumental; it encouraged the population to rebel. Insignificant; deviance within society is largely ignored. Dangerous; it encouraged disruptive behavior. Necessary; it challenged people's views.

Necessary; it challenged people's views.

When Michael starts high school, he joins the basketball team. He begins to look to his teammate friends for cues on how to behave at dances, in the hallways, and even in the classroom. Michael's basketball team is serving as Michael's _____. Reference group Aggregate Out-group Secondary group

Reference group

Social control is: An arrangement of practices and behaviors on which society's members base their daily lives. A system that has the authority to make decisions based on law. The regulation and enforcement of norms. A label that describes the chief characteristic of an individual.

The regulation and enforcement of norms.

What is the difference between a violent crime and a hate crime? A hate crime is based on a person's race, religion, or other characteristics. A hate crime is punishable in a court of law; a violent crime is not. A violent crime is based on a person's race, religion, or other characteristics. A violent crime is punishable in a court of law; a hate crime is not.

A hate crime is based on a person's race, religion, or other characteristics.

What is the difference between a primary group and a secondary group? A primary group is large and impersonal; a secondary group is small, consisting of emotional, face-to-face relationships. A primary group is small and impersonal; a secondary group is large and consists of face-to-face relationships. A primary group is large and impersonal; a secondary group is small and purely instrumental in function. A primary group is small, consisting of emotional face-to-face relationships; a secondary group is larger and impersonal.

A primary group is small, consisting of emotional face-to-face relationships; a secondary group is larger and impersonal.

Ally's father was sent to prison when she was 12 for the trafficking of narcotics; her brother was arrested when she was 13 for possession of methamphetamines. By the age of 18, Ally has been arrested three times for possession of marijuana. Which theory best describes Ally's experience? Differential association theory Labeling theory Strain theory Opaque theory

Differential association theory

The concept "reference groups" can be defined as: Groups a person belongs to and feels are an integral part of his or her identity. Groups which consist of people for whom an individual feels great disdain. Groups to which an individual compares himself or herself. People who share similar characteristics but who are not connected in any way.

Groups to which an individual compares himself or herself.

Christine is president of her improvisation comedy troupe. When making decisions about booking gigs, rehearsal spaces, and call-times, Christine leaves the troupe to decide for themselves. Christine is a(n) _____ leader. Democratic Authoritarian Laissez-faire Republican

Laissez-faire

When Kevin backpacks across Europe after his high school graduation, he is surprised to find Burger Kings, H&Ms, and even Wal-Mart stores in the foreign cities. This is an example of: The McDonaldization of Society In-Group/Out-Group dynamic A bureaucracy Counter-culture

The McDonaldization of Society

How did Max Weber define power? The authority to imprison citizens without cause. Politically elected influence used to control the masses. The legal resources to prosecute and punish. The ability to exercise one's will over others

The ability to exercise one's will over others

Solomon Asch concluded that one reason people conform to a group is because they believe: Large groups never make mistakes. They are too weak to decide for themselves. The group is better informed than they are. Dissent is a form of weakness.

The group is better informed than they are.

Using what you've read about Weber's categories, Hitler was an example of what type of authority? Charismatic Rational legal Negative Authoritative

Charismatic

A famous socialite is court-ordered to enter a rehabilitation center to eliminate her drug addiction. The socialite is about to become a member of a: Voluntary organization Paparazzi organization Utilitarian organization Coercive organization

Coercive organization

Michelle just wants to pick out new clothes at Target while she shops for supplies for the new school year. Yet, because all of her friends shop at Urban Outfitters, Michelle does as well. Michelle's behavior is an example of: Conformity Laissez-faire leadership Out-group dynamics Consumer-oriented discretion

Conformity

Bernie Madoff, sentenced to 150 years in prison for creating a Ponzi scheme which caused clients to lose millions of dollars, engaged in which form of crime? Violent crime Street crime Corporate crime Institutional crime

Corporate crime

Jake receives a promotion at his law firm after winning an important case. This is an example of a: Negative formal sanction Negative informal sanction Positive formal sanction Positive informal sanction

Positive formal sanction