Sodium Nitroprusside

Adult Dose for Sodium Nitroprusside

0.5 to 10 mcg/kg/min

Side effect of Sodium Nitroprusside Respiratory, GI and other

Respiratory: Dyspnea; acute pulmonary edema; adult respiratory Distress Syndrome. GI: Nausea; Vomiting Other Rash and/or irritation at injection site; flushing; venous streaking; thiocyanate toxicty.

Route for Sodium Nitroprusside

IVP, IO

Name for Sodium Nitroprusside

Nipride Nitropress

Class of Sodium Nitroprusside

Non-Nitrate, Antianginal; Coronary vasodilator; Anti-hypertensive agent

Pediatric Dose for Sodium Nitroprusside

Not recommended for prehospital use

Onset and duration of Sodium Nitroprusside

Onset usually immediate (1-2 mins) Duration 1-10 min after DC IV

Pregnancy Safety Sodium Nitroprusside

C

Special Notes

1. Not Suitable for Direct injection. The solution must be further diluted in d5w before infusion 2. protect from light, Administer medication in light-resistant container, IV tubing must be covered with black cloth supplied with vial. 3 Must run on a IV pum, CANNOT drip count the rate. 4 PT must have a arterial line for real time blood pressures to titrate to effect. 5. Metabolism of Sodium Nitroprusside results in cyanide production which can be toxic at large doses for prolonged infusions.

Action of Sodium Nitroprusside

1. Relaxes both arterial and venous smooth muscle 2. Potent vasodilator, thus reducing preload and afterload.

Use of Sodium Nitroprusside

1. To lower blood pressure in hypertensive emergency and hypertensive encephalopathy. 2. To decrease preload and afterload in heart failure and cardiogenic shock

Preparations

50mg/2ml single dose flip to vials. Must be further diluted in 250-1000ml of sterile 5% Dextrose solution.

Drug Interactions

Anti-hypertensives, ganglionic blocking agents, volatile anesthetics have additive hypotensive effects

Side effects of Sodium Nitroprusside CNS and cardio

CNS Light-headedness; syncope; confusion; tinnitus; seizure; increased ICP; blurred vision; altered LOC Cardio: Severe hypotension; bradycardia; tachycardia;

Contraindications for Sodium Nitroprusside

Known Hypersensitivity; Non-cardiac hypotension; lactation Relative: Severe tobacco intoxication; known hepatic insufficiency.

what is Sodium Nitroprusside used for

To treat acute CHF and life-threatening high blood pressure