Solutions Chemistry Chapter 12

Molarity

Definition: A common measure of solute concentration, referring to the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. Sentence: The molarity of the pool was high in chlorine.

Solution

Definition: A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances. Sentence: The red solution was not made up of many elements.

Solvent

Definition: A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances. Sentence: The hot solute dissolved the ice.

Solubility

Definition: A measure of how much solute can dissolve in a given solvent at a given temperature. Sentence: The ice had a very low solubility.

Suspension

Definition: A mixture in which particles can be seen and easily separated by settling or filtration. Sentence: The red and blue liquids had been suspended from settling for several hours.

Colloid

Definition: A mixture made up of a liquid and particles that (because of their large size) remain suspended rather than dissolved in that liquid. Sentence: The blue and green liquids are colloid in the jar over there.

Supersaturated

Definition: A solution that holds more dissolved solute than is required to reach equilibrium at a given temperature. Sentence: The hot water was supersaturated with cold water.

Nonelectrolyte

Definition: A substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that does not conduct an electric current. Sentence: The water could never conduct electricity because of the nonelectrolyte.

Solute

Definition: A substance that is dissolved in a solution. Sentence: The amount of solute in the water is small.

Electrolyte

Definition: A substance that is dissolved in solution and some of its molecules split or dissociate into electrically charged atoms or ions. Sentence: The electrolytes made the water electrically charged.

Saturated

Definition: Containing the highest amount of substance. Sentence: The oil was so saturated with water.

Spectator Ions

Definition: Ions that do not take part in a chemical reaction and are found in solution both before and after the reaction. Sentence: The spectator ions just sat there and did nothing.

Miscible/Immiscible

Definition: Miscible: refer to liquid that can dissolve a Homogeneous mixture, Immiscible: refer to liquid that can not dissolve a Homogeneous mixture. Sentence: The hydrogen was miscible but the oxygen was immiscible in water.

Colligative Properties

Definition: Properties that depend on the concentration of solute particles but not on their identity. Sentence: There was a lot of Colligative Properties.

Soluble/Insoluble

Definition: Soluble-able to dissolve into solven, Insoluble- Not able to dissolve into a solven. Sentence: The substance was both soluble and insoluble with different substances.

Ionization

Definition: The amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom. Sentence: The ionization of mercury was low.

Dissociation

Definition: The temporary or reversible process in which a molecule or ion is broken down into smaller molecules or ions. Sentence: The dissociation only took a few seconds.

Unsaturated

Definition: not enough solute dissolved. Sentence: The solution was unsaturated because of the hydrogen.