Solutions Vocab
Dilute
A solution that contains a small amount of solute per amount of solvent is called a solution and is said to be weak
Mixture
Two or more things physically combined
Dissociation
When an ionic compound breaks apart into its individual ions in water
Soluble
a dissolvable substance
Heterogeneous
a mixture that does not have the same consistency throughout
Homogeneous
a mixture that has the same consistency throughout
Saturated
a solution that contains as much solute as it can hold at a given temperature
Unsaturated
a solution that will hold more solute
Insoluble
a substance that will not dissolve
Pure Substance
an element or compound
Supersaturated
contains more solute than is present in a saturated solution at a specific temperature
Colloid
medium sized solute particles that can only be seen using a laser and the particles will not settle out of a mixture. (1-1000 nm) Types of colloids • Aerosol: liquid or solid in dispersed gases • Foam: gas in liquid • Emulsion: both substances are liquids • Sol: solid in liquid (jelly)
Molarity
moles of solute per 1 liter of solution M = moles of solute / liters of solution
Solute
the part of a solution that is being dissolved and is in the smallest proportion
Solvent
the part of the solution that does the dissolving and is in the largest proportion
Solution
the smallest size solute particles that cannot be seen even using a laser and the particles will not be settle out of the mixture. 0.01 to 1 nm in diameter
Alloy
the solid such as brass or steel
Suspension
the solute is visible with the naked eye and will fall out of the mixture upon standing. >1000 nm in diameter
Water
the universal solvent
STRONG ACIDSSSS
• HCl • HI • HBr • HClO4 • H2SO4 • HNO3
Tyndall Effect
• Used to differentiate between solution and colloid since they can both appear to be clear • Beam of light is visible in a colloid • Light is reflected off of the particles because of their larger size