Solutions Vocab

Dilute

A solution that contains a small amount of solute per amount of solvent is called a solution and is said to be weak

Mixture

Two or more things physically combined

Dissociation

When an ionic compound breaks apart into its individual ions in water

Soluble

a dissolvable substance

Heterogeneous

a mixture that does not have the same consistency throughout

Homogeneous

a mixture that has the same consistency throughout

Saturated

a solution that contains as much solute as it can hold at a given temperature

Unsaturated

a solution that will hold more solute

Insoluble

a substance that will not dissolve

Pure Substance

an element or compound

Supersaturated

contains more solute than is present in a saturated solution at a specific temperature

Colloid

medium sized solute particles that can only be seen using a laser and the particles will not settle out of a mixture. (1-1000 nm) Types of colloids • Aerosol: liquid or solid in dispersed gases • Foam: gas in liquid • Emulsion: both substances are liquids • Sol: solid in liquid (jelly)

Molarity

moles of solute per 1 liter of solution M = moles of solute / liters of solution

Solute

the part of a solution that is being dissolved and is in the smallest proportion

Solvent

the part of the solution that does the dissolving and is in the largest proportion

Solution

the smallest size solute particles that cannot be seen even using a laser and the particles will not be settle out of the mixture. 0.01 to 1 nm in diameter

Alloy

the solid such as brass or steel

Suspension

the solute is visible with the naked eye and will fall out of the mixture upon standing. >1000 nm in diameter

Water

the universal solvent

STRONG ACIDSSSS

• HCl • HI • HBr • HClO4 • H2SO4 • HNO3

Tyndall Effect

• Used to differentiate between solution and colloid since they can both appear to be clear • Beam of light is visible in a colloid • Light is reflected off of the particles because of their larger size