Special Ed Quizes and Exams

Within the Response to Intervention framework, there is an underlying assumption that a student who is struggling with academics or behavior is a. probably experiencing the effects of environmental factors, like poverty, homelessness, or illness. b. in fact gifted and may be bored with curriculum in the general education classroom. c. having difficulty making progress with the current instruction provided in the general education classroom. d. likely having problems due to low motivation.

c. having difficulty making progress with the current instruction provided in the general education classroom.

Nationwide, what portion of students who are served under IDEA spend most of their time in general education classrooms? a. just under 40% b. less than 5% c. just over 61% d. only about 15%

c. just over 61%

"By the end of the school year, Thomas will be able to sit nicely in his chair during reading class and not bother others." This IEP goal lacks: a. relation to academic and behavioral functioning data b. measurability c. meaningfulness, measurability, and relation to academic and behavioral functioning data d. meaningfulness

c. meaningfulness, measurability, and relation to academic and behavioral functioning data

Dyslexia refers to a severe impairment in the ability to a. write b. compute c. read d. use expressive language

c. read

The federal definition of E/BD has been most widely criticized for its inclusion of children with a. attention deficit disorder b. autism c. social maladjustment d. schizophrenia

c. social maladjustment

Accommodations are aligned with a. alternate assessments b. modified assessments c. standards-based expectations d. supporting progress using altered curriculum

c. standards-based expectations

The most commonly used definition of learning disabilities is that endorsed by a. NJCLD b. LDA c. the federal government d. AAIDD

c. the federal government

When an IEP team makes a special education eligibility determination by comparing scores on an IQ test with levels of academic achievement (as measured on standardized tests), the team is using which of the following? a. the response to intervention approach b. the learning styles and preferences approach c. the traditional, or "wait to fail" approach d. the normative achievement approach

c. the traditional, or "wait to fail" approach

This activity is mandated at least once every three years by the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act and is meant to help the IEP team address any necessary changes in a student's goals, services, placement, or status as an "eligible individual": a. Pre-referral meeting b. Initial eligibility determination c. Annual goal updates d. Reevaluation meeting

d. Reevaluation meeting

Instead of answering three questions, the student is only expected to answer one. This is: a. a presentation accommodation b. a response accommodation c. part of an IEP goal d. a response modification

d. a response modification

Manuel is a five-year-old whose parents, teachers, and doctor all agree that he should be referred for an educational evaluation due to problems communicating, repetitive behaviors, and problems feeding himself. Manuel's Full and Individual Initial Evaluation will most likely be conducted by: a. a private practice child psychiatrist who uses an IQ (ability) test to see if Manuel qualifies for special education services b. By a team of early childhood teachers who can compare his progress to typically developing students in that school c. a board certified behavior analylist who specializes in autism d. a school psychologist who uses adheres to an initial assessment plan decided upon by the IEP team

d. a school psychologist who uses adheres to an initial assessment plan decided upon by the IEP team

Which of the following most closely reflects the concept of "Least Restrictive Environment"? a. Advanced calculus class for 12 grade student who performs math problems at the 10th percentile. b. full-inclusion of students who have an IEP into the regular classroom, regardless of need for special c. a student with an IEP spends the maximum amount of time with peers while also getting specially designed instruction which allows her/him to reach full potential d. placement in a special education program designed for students with autism

c. a student with an IEP spends the maximum amount of time with peers while also getting specially designed instruction which allows her/him to reach full potential

Joey is temporarily attending school in a special program for students whose behavior is extremely problematic. He has likely been placed in a. a psychiatric hospital b. a general education classroom c. an interim alternative educational setting or "special school" d. a juvenile prison

c. an interim alternative educational setting or "special school"

Which of the following disabilities has increased the most in prevalence in the last few years? a. learning disabilities b. clinical depression c. autism spectrum disorder d. blindness

c. autism spectrum disorder

Mrs. Cain is a regular third-grade teacher. She teaches most subjects to all of her students; however, Mrs. Cleveland, a special educator, provides reading and math instruction to exceptional students in the class. She also teaches organizational and study skills to all the students. What type of intervention is modeled by these teachers? a. consultation b. itinerant services c. co-teaching d. resource services

c. co-teaching

Prereferral teams serve all of the following purposes EXCEPT a. reducing the number of referrals to special education b. establishing "ownership" of students with disabilities by general educators c. developing IEPs for all students who need them d. recommending strategies for working with children who exhibit academic and behavioral problems

c. developing IEPs for all students who need them

Ms. Chico, a sixth-grade teacher, arranges a parent-teacher conference with Mr. and Mrs. Yuba to discuss a problem she is having with their son Bobby, who has learning disabilities. Most authorities would recommend that Ms. Chico a. end the conference by summarizing Bobby's deficit areas. b. use professional language so that the Yubas will view her as a professional. c. emphasize positive things about Bobby, along with the negative. d. start with business first rather than informal social conversation.

c. emphasize positive things about Bobby, along with the negative.

Family systems theory a. is outdated because it ignores multicultural factors b. emphasizes behavioral principles, such as reinforcement and punishment c. emphasizes understanding interactions among family members d. emphasizes that family functioning follows the same systemic behavioral interactions no matter the age of the child

c. emphasizes understanding interactions among family members

When preparing for a parent-teacher conference, the teacher should do all of the following EXCEPT a. provide written notice b. consult with other professionals about the student's behavior c. establish the role of authority d. review the student's cumulative record

c. establish the role of authority

Litigation in special education a.has ended up having little or no effect on the lives of students with disabilities. b. support full inclusion of all children with disabilities in general education. c. has been brought primarily by parents whose children are disabled and are being denied appropriate special education services. d. has led to bankruptcy in several school divisions, especially those in rural areas.

c. has been brought primarily by parents whose children are disabled and are being denied appropriate special education services.

In comparison to typical students, students who are exceptional a. are similar in almost every way b. are different in almost every way c. have both similarities and differences

c. have both similarities and differences

A 10th grade student has a portable task system available for times when disruptive behaviors require working outside the classroom. The task system contains: grade-level texts shortened assignments reduced difficulty of items options for frequent breaks check-off system for completion This student is receiving: a. response modification b. timing accommodation c. modified materials d. a, b, and c are all correct

d. a, b, and c are all correct

Systematic instruction is designed to: a. teach basic skills needed for advanced, composite skills b. give right types and numbers of cues to support learning c. address skills that have been well-defined and observable d. all answers are correct

d. all answers are correct

The special education intervention that requires the least specialized environment is a. instruction by an itinerant teacher b. instruction in a resource room c. consultation by a special educator d. instruction by a regular classroom teacher

d. instruction by a regular classroom teacher

Compared to the general population, exceptional children are a. a more homogenous group. b. more likely to be from wealthy families. c. more likely to be female. d. more diverse with respect to a number of characteristics.

d. more diverse with respect to a number of characteristics.

The parents of a 6th grade student who receives high levels of special education supports for behavior problems disagree with the school's decision to suspend their daughter after a fight. Which most closely reflects the next logical procedural step available for parents and guaranteed under IDEA 2004? a. request that the school pay for the student's tuition at a private school b. request a initial IEP meeting c. seek legal counsel to prepare for litigation against the school district d. request a due process hearing to resolve the issue

d. request a due process hearing to resolve the issue

In dealing with the feelings of a child with a disability, parents should a. wait until the child is an adolescent so he or she will be better able to understand. b. speak about their disability in general, rather than specific ways. c. assure the child that he or she is no different from others and their disability doesn't matter. d. respond honestly to specific questions asked by the child.

d. respond honestly to specific questions asked by the child.

A 6th grade student types/keyboards/word processes responses to a 6th grade-level science test about butterfly life cycles. Typing/keyboarding/word processing answers to this test would most likely be considered a: a. testing modification b. response modification c. presentation modification d. response accommodation

d. response accommodation

In comparison to the percentage of students with other disabilities, students with EBD are more likely to be educated in a. resource room programs b. general education classrooms c. itinerant teacher programs d. special classes and facilities

d. special classes and facilities

Considering the needs of all potential users, including those with disabilities, when developing a technology is referred to as a. inclusive technology. b. intuitive design. c. intuitive planning. d. universal design.

d. universal design.

The traditional model of eligibility and classification for specific learning disabilities requires proof that a student has which of the following? a. learning problems due to visual, hearing, or motor handicaps, or environmental, cultural, or economic disadvantage b. neurological evidence of brain injury c. a significant discrepancy between a child's ability and academic achievement d. deficits in adaptive behavior

c. a significant discrepancy between a child's ability and academic achievement

For students who receive high quality Tier 1 instruction, it may be helpful to monitor their progress on a weekly basis in order to determine: a. a student's "true" ability level b. whether Tier 1 instruction is having the intended impact on student learning c. which students need extra instruction (Tier 2) in addition to Tier 1 instruction d. B and C

d. B and C

How is adaptive behavior typically assessed? a. A school psychologist observes the student in the classroom during academic content instruction. b. A series of academic tasks is given to the child and assessed in a clinical setting. c. Multiple sources (parent, teacher, or professional) answer questions related to the student's social and living skills behaviors. d. Only a and b are correct.

c. Multiple sources (parent, teacher, or professional) answer questions related to the student's social and living skills behaviors.

One of the main reasons students with ADHD may have problems interacting socially with their peers includes: a. Educators and physicians tend to overidentify ADHD in children b. Stimulant medication may lead to cocaine and marijuana use c. Students with ADHD at times exhibit problems with behavior inhibition d. Students with ADHD generally have low cognitive functioning

c. Students with ADHD at times exhibit problems with behavior inhibition

At least ________ % of school-age children in the U.S. are considered "exceptional" in that they are identified for special education services. a. 10 b. 15 c. 20 d. 25

a. 10

The classification system that most school systems use to describe levels of intellectual disabilities is based on a. IQ score b. adaptive level c. the intensity of support needed d. reading and math achievement levels

a. IQ score

"John's teacher indicates that he chews on his mechanical pencil frequently and disassembles it at inappropriate times. His teacher also states that seems to be a target for some students to tease and pick on, and can have some difficulty interacting appropriately with peers in general. John also has trouble focusing and attending to lessons in class, and will watch or observe peers instead. His teacher further comments that sometimes John will hit self in the hand when he is having difficulty following along on an assignment." This is an example from what section of an IEP? a. Present Level of Academic Achievement and Functional Performance b. A statement of special education and related services and supplementary aids and services to be provided to the child c. An annual goal related to math computation fluency d. An annual goal related to reading fluency

a. Present Level of Academic Achievement and Functional Performance

Jonas and four other students get 15-min remedial phonics lessons three times a week with his regular classroom teacher during the first part of art or music class. This sounds like: a. Tier 2 instruction b. Tier 1 instruction c. Tier 3 instruction d. Special education

a. Tier 2 instruction

The LRE for most students with ADHD is: a. a regular classroom with various accommodations b. a special education classroom with modified expectations c. a regular classroom with modified materials and expectations d. in a resource room with modified materials

a. a regular classroom with various accommodations

Mrs. Brown has written the following IEP goal for Sarah: Sarah will be able to say15/26 letter sounds." This IEP goal could be improved by: a. adding information about how often Sarah will be tested and instructional conditions necessary to meet this goal b. Choosing fewer than 26 letter sounds c. adding information about her latest performance on a standardized test d. a, b, and c are all correct

a. adding information about how often Sarah will be tested and instructional conditions necessary to meet this goal

Under IDEA, one form of advocacy to which parents are entitled is a. due process b. reciprocity c. parent training d. weekly meetings

a. due process

Professionals have become more cautious in diagnosing intellectual disabilities for all of the following reasons EXCEPT a. increasing costs associated with special education. b. the stigma associated with the label. c. overrepresentation of children from ethnic minority groups. d. the belief that intellectual disabilities are a socially constructed condition.

a. increasing costs associated with special education.

Beth is in 6th grade and was recently was diagnosed by her psychiatrist with ADHD. She was referred by her fifth grade teacher for problems with behavior, reading, and writing. During her initial eligibility determination meeting, IEP team agreed that providing supplementary aids within the regular education classroom might allow her to make progress in academics and behavior. However, Beth's disruptive behaviors continued, along with her difficulty attending to tasks. After six weeks of receiving supplemental special education services in general education, the IEP team recommended that Beth receive instruction in a self-contained Behavior Disorders classroom for 40% of the day. However, she participates regular education peers for art, music, social studies, science, and PE. Beth's placement is an example of a. least restrictive environment within a continuum of services b. special school placement within a regular school c. co-teaching within a full inclusion model d. full participation within an inclusive setting

a. least restrictive environment within a continuum of services

Doug Landis, an artist who is paralyzed from the neck down, uses a pencil attached to a mouth stick to draw. This illustrates how the focus on persons with disabilities should be a. on what they can do b. on their miraculous achievements c. on how they are limited d. on what others can do to help them

a. on what they can do

2nd grade students who have IEP goals in reading and writing use crayons, colored paper, scissors, and glue to label objects on a paper backpack to represent hiking in the Pacific Northwest. Standard expectations for this second grade activity requires writing a minimum of two sentences about hiking in the Pacific Northwest. The students with IEPs are receiving: a. response modification b. standard expectations c. response accommodation d. presentation modifications

a. response modification

A 2nd grade student is given reduced requirements on a writing assignment during a regular education writing class―the student is expected to write a minimum of three words in blanks, rather than writing 5 full sentences independently. This student is most likely receiving: a. response modifications b. response accommodations c. presentation modifications d. presentation accommodations

a. response modifications

Each of the following is an element of the NJCLD definition EXCEPT a. spelling is a specific manifestation of learning disabilities b. learning disabilities are a lifelong condition c. learning disabilities can occur concurrently with mental retardation d. learning disabilities are due to central nervous system dysfunction

a. spelling is a specific manifestation of learning disabilities

Stage theories of reaction to having a child with a disability have been questioned for all of the following reasons EXCEPT a. the majority of parents do not experience changes in emotions b. many parents do not engage in denial c. parents are often the first to suspect a problem d. parents do not go through stages in an identical and predictable way

a. the majority of parents do not experience changes in emotions

Homework for students with disabilities should be used a. to review skills already taught b. as a consequence for failing to complete work in class c. to develop age-appropriate attention span d. to introduce new skills

a. to review skills already taught

In a fifth grade math class, most students add fractions with unlike denominators and must complete 25 problems. Rita and Sigmund are assigned the exact same kind of problems but are only required to complete 10. Rita and Sigmund have been provided: a. a service b. a presentation accommodation c. a modification d. an accommodation

c. a modification

Joshua is an 8th grade student who vocally responds to items on a social studies exam by recording with an audio recorder while in a separate, quiet classroom free of distractions―instead of writing out answers within the regular classroom. In this case, Josh is likely receiving: a. A combination of presentation and setting accommodations b. A combination of response and setting accommodations c. Modified test procedures d. A combination of presentation and scheduling accommodations

b. A combination of response and setting accommodations

Which practice violates the requirement of IDEA for schools to individualize special education services for each student? a. Ongoing monitoring of academic and behavioral goals using data-based decisions b. Development of special education programs within neighborhood schools according to various disability categories c. Use of relevant educational assessment tools to determine eligibility for special education services d. Implementation of evidence-based instructional practices

b. Development of special education programs within neighborhood schools according to various disability categories

Which federal provision requires that children with disabilities be provided with a free, appropriate public education？ a. Civil Rights Act b. Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) c. Fourteenth Amendment d. Americans with Disabilities Act

b. Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)

All teachers must be prepared to work with exceptional students for all of the following reasons EXCEPT a. Many students who are not identified as being in need of services share characteristics of those who are. b. Most teachers have the supports needed to work in the general education classroom with students of all exceptionalities. c. Most exceptional students are in the general education classroom for part of the day. d. Radical reforms of special education threaten special education as a separate, identifiable part of education.

b. Most teachers have the supports needed to work in the general education classroom with students of all exceptionalities.

"When given three websites for community colleges, Darrien will demonstrate knowledge of the college's admission requirements by verbally describing five requirements and identifying admission deadlines with 90% accuracy, as measured by formative assessments every 7-10 days, by November of this year." This statement is: a. an independent living goal b. an academic skills goal c. a post-secondary transition goal d. a functional living skills goal

c. a post-secondary transition goal

With respect to parents and Individualized Education Program (IEP) meetings, which of the following is TRUE? a. Parents of students in preschool and elementary school must be invited, but parents of secondary students do not need to be invited, but the student must be invited. b. Parents must be invited to the meeting, and efforts must be made to enable them to attend. c. Parents do not need to be invited, but they must be allowed to attend if they make such a request. d. Parents must be invited, and they (or their designee) must attend; if they don't attend, the school has the right not to meet.

b. Parents must be invited to the meeting, and efforts must be made to enable them to attend.

Each of the following people is typically on an IEP team EXCEPT a. a provider of special education b. a special education lawyer c. the child's general education teacher d. a parent or guardian

b. a special education lawyer

The degree to which families are able to change their modes of interaction when they encounter unusual or stressful situations refers to a. compassion b. adaptability c. cohesion d. acceptance

b. adaptability

Response to intervention (RTI) a. is restricted to academic learning b. can be applied to social behavior and academic learning c. is the same as a prereferral team except that it is limited to students with learning disabilities d. has implications only for those with learning disabilities

b. can be applied to social behavior and academic learning

Programs consisting of precisely sequenced, fast-paced lessons taught to small groups with an emphasis on drill and practice, a teaching script and immediate feedback are using which approach? a. academic process training b. direct instruction c. behavior modification d. cognitive behavioral training

b. direct instruction

Intellectual disability, learning disability, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, emotional or behavioral disorders, and communication disorders are all considered: a. categories of disabilities that cannot be evaluated using Response to Intervention b. high-incidence disabilities c. low-incidence disabilities d. pervasive disorders

b. high-incidence disabilities

When special education works as it should, the outcome for students is a. instruction in a special class b. improved achievement and behavior c. the ability to hide their disabilities d. the eradication of their disabilities

b. improved achievement and behavior

In a sixth grade math class, most students are working on adding fractions with unlike denominators. Two students are working on a similar but lower-level task: adding fractions with like denominators. The two students have been provided _______________ task. a. an accommodation b. modified c. a grade-level d. a frustration-level

b. modified

Accommodations can be divided into: a. general and special education curriculum b. setting, timing/scheduling, presentation, and response c. student needs, characteristics, and performance level d. adaptations and modifications

b. setting, timing/scheduling, presentation, and response

A 12th grade student verbally responds to questions on a reading comprehension mid-term. Other students respond by writing their answers. This student is likely receiving (keep in mind that the construct being measured is READING, not WRITING)... a. modified curriculum b. standard expectations and response accommodation c. modified assessment d. lowered expectations

b. standard expectations and response accommodation

Strategies and resources that a person requires to participate in activities associated with normative human functioning are a. scaffolds b. supports c. adaptive skills d. normative skills

b. supports

In order to gain insight into how the IEP goals and services match up with making growth in living, learning, and working, the IEP team documents the "strengths, interests, and preferences" of a student. Whose direct input is most valuable for this documentation? a. the teacher and guardian's b. the student's c. the IEP team's d. the area education agency

b. the student's

Which of the following is a way that Still's cases were similar to today's population of persons with ADHD? a. The condition was more prevalent in females that males. b. There was no evidence of a hereditary basis. c. Many had average intelligence. d. Most of the children had no other psychological or physical problems.

c. Many had average intelligence.

To meet criteria for intellectual disability, an individual must have problems with adaptive behavior and an IQ score at or below a. 85 b. 60 c. 50 d. 70

d. 70

Response to Intervention (RTI) originally emerged as a general education initiative an is now frequently used to help determine: a. the impact or effectiveness of Tier 1 (universal) instructional methods b. which Tier 2 interventions are needed for a child to make academic or behavioral growth c. a student's ideal educational placement based on disability category d. A and B

d. A and B