Speech chapter

What do you do before an interview

- define the purpose of the interview -decide whom to interview -arrange the interview -decide whether to record the interview -prepare your questions

What are some tips for conclusion and introduction

- keep an eye out for materials you can use for your conclusion when developing the speech -conclude with a bang, not a whimper - the conclusion should not make up more than 5 to 10 percent of your speech -make your last impression as forceful and as favorable as you can

What 3 things you need to evaluate a document

-Authorship -sponsorship -recency

tips for examples

-Clarify ideas -Reinforce ideas -Personalize ideas -Make vivid, richly textured -Practice delivery to enhance

What do you need when citing sources orally

-Name of document -author sponsoring organization -qualifications -date

What do you need to AVOID while preparing interview questions

-Questions answerable without interview -Leading questions -hostile, loaded questions

What are some tips for testimony

-Quote, paraphrasing accurately -use qualified sources -use union as sources identify sources

What are internet sources

-Search engines and specialized resources

What are the two major functions of a conclusion

-To let the audience know you are ending the speech -To reinforce the audiences understating of or commitment to the central idea

What are the 5 needs in a speech

-attention-introduction. Gain attention -need-why does the audience need to know this/what's in it for me -satisfaction-initial summary, detailed information, closing summary -visualization-visualizing the benefits of your ideas -action-urge audience to take action(persuasion and actuation speeches)

What are 3 examples of supporting materials

-brief -extended -hypothetical

Establishing credibility and goodwill

-certain topics may be offensive -at the start of your speech you should defuse all opposition that your audience might have -show that you have good intentions

What to do when revealing your topic

-clearly state the topic of you speech -even if your audience is already aware of your topic, tell them again

What do you do during an interview

-dress appropriately and be on time -repeat the purpose of the interview -set up the recorder, if you're using one -keep the interview on track

Define problem-solution order

-first main point: the problem second main point: the solution

What four objections does an introduction have

-get the attention and interest of the audience - reveal the topic of you speech -establish your credibility and goodwill -preview the body of the speech

What are some tips for main points

-keep points separate -try for same pattern of wording -balance time devote to each

What are main points

-major points developed in body of speech

What are some ways to get the audiences attention and interest

-relate the topic to the audience -state the importance of your topic -startle the audience -arouse the curiosity of the audience -question the audience -begin with a quotation -tell a story

After the interview

-review your notes as soon as possible -transcribe your notes

Tips for research

-start early -think about materials -make preliminary bibliography -take notes efficiently

What are four methods often used together to reinforce the central idea

-summarizing your speech -end with quotation -makes a dramatic statement -refer to the introduction

How do you efficiently take notes

-take plenty of notes -record in consistent format -make separate entries -distinguish direct quotations, phrases own ideas

How do you preview the body of your speech

-tell your listeners what they should listen for before you even discuss it -incline a preview statement

What are some type of of connectives

-transition-indicates the speaker has finished one thought and is moving to another -internal preview-statement in body indicating what speaker will discuss next -internal summary-statement in body summarizing preceding point(s) -signpost-brief statement showing where speaker is or focusing attention on key ideas

How do you signal the end of your speech

-use a brief clue "in conclusion" -Use the tone of your voice

How are statistics used in speech

-use to quantify ideas -use sparingly -identify sources -explain thoroughly -round off -use visual aids if needed

Define crescendo ending

A conclusion in which the speech builds to zenith of power and intensity

Define dissolve ending

A conclusion that generates emotional appeal by fading step by step to a dramatic final statement

Define preview statement

A statement in the introduction of a speech that identifies the main point to be discussed in the body

What are newspapers and periodical databases

Articles from magazines, journal and newspapers

What are academic databases

Articles from scholarly journals

Define out of context quote

Distorting statesman by removing words, phrases around it

Define hypothetical

Example describing factitious situation

What are the two types of testimony's

Expert testimony and peer testimony

What is a research interview

Interview to get speech information

What is a catalogue

List of books periodicals and other resources owned by library

Define topical order

Main points divide topic into logical, consistent subtopics

Define spatial order

Main points follow directional pattern

Define chronological order

Main points following directional pattern

Define casual order

Main points show cause-effect relationship

Define supporting material

Materials used to support speaker's ideas

What are the 3 statistical measures

Mean, median and mode.

Define strategic organization

Organizing speech to achieve particular result with particular audience

What does It mean to reinforce the central idea

Reinforce the audience's understanding of or commitment to the central idea

Define paraphrase

Restating source's deans in own words

Define brief

Specific case referred to in passing to illustrate point

Define extended

Story, narrative, anecdote developed at length to illustrate point

What is an abstract

Summary of magazine, journal article Note: Don't cite abstract alone

Define expert testimony

Testimony from recognized experts

Define direct quote

Testimony presented word for word

Define connectives in speech

Words or phrases connecting ideas

What are reference works

Work that synthesizes late amount of related info ex. Encyclopedia yearbooks, quotation books and biographical aids

What are the 6 library resources discussed

librarians catalogue reference works newspaper and periodical databases academic databases Abstract

What is testimony

quotations or paraphrases used to support a point

define peer testimony

testimony from ordinary people with first hand experience or insight

Define credibility

the audience's perception of whether a speaker is qualified to speak on a given topic

Define goodwill

the audience's perception of whether the speaker has the best interests of the audience in mind