Sports Management Final Exam Study Guide Chapters 1-9

Written and verbal communication

Of paramount importance for people working in sport communication management

Community Sport is....

Organized physical activity that is based in community, school, and local sport organizations

Youth Sport Instructional leagues

Provides an introduction to a new sport

Sponsorship

Purchasing the rights to directly associate with a product or event

Elements of human resource management include

Recruitment, Selecting candidates, Interviewing candidates, Hiring, Training, Evaluation

Equity in Athletics Disclosure Act (EADA)

Requires institutions to submit expenditures to federal government and that the Men's and women's programs must be equitable

To be an effective team member, you must do what?

See team success as personal success

What company was the first modern sport business enterprise?

Spalding and Brothers

Examples of the sport producing sector

Sports and fitness clubs, professional teams and municipal and county recreational areas.

Catalysts in the growth of the sport business industry

Technological advancements, Modernization of sport, Urban population growth

Which state has the most students participating in interscholastic athletics?

Texas

Diversification

The act of adding new products to a company's product mix

What makes marketing for sporting events unique?

The event is consumed as soon as it is produced, there is no guarantee of satisfaction, the outcome is unpredictable

Effectiveness

The extent to which an organization achieves its goals

Efficiency

The extent to which goals are achieved using the fewest resources

Management

The process of working with and through individuals and groups to accomplish organizational goals

What is the most unique aspect to sport marketing?

There cannot be any guarantees of customer satisfaction

Scientific Management Approach (commission based)

Those who produced more received greater rewards

Business positions include...

Ticketing, ticket sales, media relations, promotions, game experience, advertising, community relations, database marketing, hospitality

What does YMCA stand for?

Young Men's Christian Association

What should influence your career planning?

Your values, skills, and interests

Emotive advertising

an attempt to appeal to a consumer's intellect

Referent power

charisma, charm

Legitimate/positional power

comes from the position person holds

Decisional Resource allocator

determine how best to acquire resources

Interpersonal Liaison

developing relationships outside the organization

Three types of managerial roles

interpersonal, informational, decisional

Expert power

knowledge, skills

Informational Monitor

look for information about trends/events that affects the organization

Reason why advertisement

markets products by promoting a consumer's need for that product

Interdependence

needs teams to compete and cooperate

Information power

person has access to information

Increased cardiovascular health

physical benefit of sport participation

Five functions of management

planning, organizing, staffing, directing, controlling

Coercive power

provides punishments/threats to employees

Reward power

provides rewards to employees

Three types of Sport Organizations

public, nonprofit, commercial

Decisional Disturbance handler

respond to unexpected situations

Interpersonal Figurehead

symbolic/ceremonial duties

Decisional Entrepreneur

take risks to effect change and improve the organization

What single factor has contributed to the increased popularity of sport?

television

Interpersonal Leader

their relationship with their followers/employees

Informational Spokesperson

transmit information to others outside the organization

Informational Disseminator

transmit information to others within the organization

Decisional Negotiator

works with people to reach agreements

Value of Interscholastic Programs include....

1. Athletics support the academic mission of schools 2. Athletics are inherently educational 3. Athletics foster success later in life

conflicting views of interscholastic athletics

1. Athletics programs distract students from their academics 2. Injuries associated with athletics 3. Athletic programs deprive educational programs of resources 4. Athletic programs create too many pressures on athletes 5. Student-athletes tend to be privileged over other students

Six decision making steps in order

1. Define/frame the problem 2. Identify criteria for decision 3. Develop and evaluate alternatives 4. Select alternative 5. Implement alternative 6. Evaluate effectiveness of decision

Four elements outside the organization that have the potential to affect the organization

1. Economic conditions 2. Technology 3. Political climate 4. Social/cultural forces

Three groups make up professional sports

1. Labor 2. Management 3. Governance

Three benefits of Sport Participation

1. Quality of life 2. Family life 3. Sense of Community and Social Capital

Career Planning and Management in 4 steps

1. Self-awareness - interests, abilities 2. Occupational exploration - broad look at potential jobs 3. Career decision-making - analyzing job information 4. Career implementation - taking steps at finding the job

Spalding business four steps to development within the company

1. Vertical integration 2. Diversification 3. Modern Management System 4. Promotional skills/marketing

Georgia was first state to establish a HS athletics association in what year?

1904

Approximately what percentage of public school students participated in athletics in 2016?

52%

Approximately what percentage of high school athletes were female before Title IX was passed?

8%

Sport financing is unique because...

A significant portion of sport revenue comes from other sources, such as parking, concessions, tv rights, merchandise...

New sport examples

Aerobics, e-sports, snowboarding, beach volleyball

Business etiquette includes...

Answering the phone, Language-beinclusive, Meeting etiquette - be early, turn off distractions, Office etiquette

What were the top three most popular community sports as discussed in the text?

Baseball, Basketball, and Bowling

Traditional Sports examples

Basketball, baseball, volleyball, American football

Networking

Building relationships with those who can bring advantages for jobs or business opportunities

NCAA Qualifications for each division

D1-Minimum of 14 sports sponsored D2-Provide scholarship, though usually not full-ride D3-No athletic scholarships All Divisions-Require a minimum of 2 team sports

An employee within a professional association who serves as the public liaison for the interscholastic athletics organization most likely holds what position?

Director of Media Relations

Which NCAA division is the largest in terms of number of member institutions?

Division III

Human Relations Management Approach (relational)

Employees who feel cared for/appreciated have higher job satisfaction, which results in better performance and higher productivity

Four stages of organizational change

Entrepreneurial stage - based on founder's vision for organization Collectivity stage - hierarchy of authority is created Formalization stage - rules and procedures developed Elaboration stage - remove inefficient ideas/procedures

Executive positions include...

Executives (CEO, president), marketing, finance

Issues Facing Interscholastic Athletics

Experience and certified athletics administrators, Budgetary constraints, Coach turnover/exiting, Recruitment and retention of officials, Participation options, Sportsmanship

Youth sport Competitive leagues

Focus is on competition/winning

Process Approach to Management (administrative)

Focuses on managing the organization as a whole entity

Purpose of sport

Health, fitness, Provide an escape from stress

Memberships with professional associations help you...

Help you Learn more about your field, keep up with advances in your field, help you expend your network of associates

Title IX

Helped increase participation opportunities for women

HBCU and TCU stand for...

Historically Black Colleges and Universities and Tribal Colleges and Universities

Ethical decision making is...

Honest,credible,caring,fair

Who is credited for breaking the color barrier in professional sport?

Jackie Robinson

Interscholastic Athletics

Largest sector of the entire sport enterprise (participation)

Youth sport Classes

Learn skills/rules/strategy with an emphasis on enjoyment

Player personnel positions include...

Medical staff, player personnel, coaching staff, video support staff, facility staff, player education

Professional sport management organizations

NASPE,NASSM,COSMA

The following acronyms represent national governing bodies for intercollegiate athletics

NCCAA, NJCAA, NAIA, NCAA, HBCUs and TCUs

NAIA stands for what?

National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics

What does NCAA stand for?

National Collegiate Athletic Association

What does the acronym NJCAA stand for?

National Junior College Athletic Association

The basic functions of a collegiate athletic conference is to

Negotiate television contracts, Create in-season and post-season competition opportunities, Distribute proceeds to member institutions, Establish rules and regulations for fair play