STAAR History Study Questions - Part 1

* "Religious University Forced to Close by State" * "Mormons Hold State Convention Downtown" * "Congress Declares a National Day of Remembrance" * "Protesters Arrested at Antiwar Rally" Which headline provides the best example of a First Amendment guarantee in action?

"Mormons Hold State Convention Downtown"

The innovation of the steamboat most affected the U.S. economy by

allowing more efficient movement of goods

The Northwest Ordinance is considered a historical milestone because it

established a method for admitting new states to the Union

As a result of the Oregon Treaty, the United States achieved its goal of

expanding westward to the Pacific Ocean

The Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution affected the lives of millions of African Americans by —

guaranteeing their permanent freedom from slavery

The Federalists and the Democratic-Republicans emerged as separate political parties partly as a result of disagreement over

how the nation should develop economically

In 1832 the Supreme Court ruled that Georgia did not have legal authority over the Cherokees living in the state. President Andrew Jackson responded to this decision by —

ignoring the ruling and allowing Georgia to evict the Cherokee Nation

The election of Hiram Rhodes Revels in 1870 was significant because he was the first African American to

serve as a member of the U.S. Senate

• Bonds and currency with little to no value • Bank failures and bankrupt businesses • Destroyed railroads, farms, and homes • High food prices and widespread crop failures This list describes conditions found in

southern states at the beginning of Reconstruction

The Emancipation Proclamation became effective January 1, 1863. Congress passed the Conscription Act of 1863 in March to randomly select men for service in the Union army. However, those chosen in the draft could hire a substitute or pay $300 to escape service. African Americans were not citizens and therefore not eligible for the draft. On July 13, 1863, a crowd gathered in New York City to protest the draft. Poor Irish workers turned out in the largest numbers. The protest turned into a riot, which first targeted military and government buildings. The homes of well-known Republicans, draft supporters, the wealthy, and African Americans were also attacked. After four days federal troops finally restored order to the city The New York City riots of 1863 were partly a result of

the economic uncertainty faced by the working class

• The U.S. population grew from more than 5 million in 1800 to just over 23 million by 1850. • The United States experienced financial panics in 1819 and in 1837. • Land ownership was linked to wealth and independence The bullet points in the list above would most likely be included in an essay about

the emergence of Manifest Destiny

The Constitution describes two ways to propose an amendment. What are they?

* Two-thirds of both congressional houses vote in favor of proposing the amendment * National Convention called by Congress at the request of two-thirds of state legislatures

* An opportunity for free land in the Midwest * The prospect of religious freedom * An economic boom in the West * The possibility of a free education 7 Which pull factor accounted for much of Chinese immigration to the United States in the mid-1800s?

An economic boom in the West

How did the factory system contribute to the rapid industrialization of the United States?

By making the production of goods more efficient

He has refused his Assent to Laws, the most wholesome and necessary for the public good. —Declaration of Independence, 1776 What provision of the U.S. Constitution reflects the grievance above?

Congress can override a presidential veto with a two-thirds majority vote in both houses.

* limited government interference in business * prices determined by supply and demand * private owners receive the profits Which type of economy is the best described by these characteristics?

Free enterprise

What is a good summary of the Monroe Doctrine?

Further colonization of the Americas by European countries is prohibited.

• B'nai B'rith, a Jewish service organization • Grimm Brothers' fairy tales • Kindergarten • Meat curing and sausage making • Polka music Which group was responsible for these contributions to American culture?

German Americans

What argument would the authors of The Federalist Papers most likely have agreed?

Having a stronger central government will make the country more stable and prosperous.

Provisions of the Civil Rights Act of 1866 * Designated all people in the U.S. (except American Indians) as citizens *granted all citizens certain rights under the law What is the historical significance of this act?

It was the first time Congress passed a law that protected racial minorities.

* Promoted the public good; * Maintained a strong sense of duty; * Used clear language to discuss complex issues; * Wrote the Supreme Court decision that established the principle of judicial review

John Marshall

* Jurors Return Verdict in Robbery Case * Flight Attendants to Vote Next Month on Strike * Company Donates $1 Million to Japan Relief Effort * Parents Boycott City Public School Which headline provides the best example of a civic duty?

Jurors Return Verdict in Robbery Case

How did the War of 1812 affect the U.S. economy?

Manufacturing increased.

This controversial law allowed slave-hunters to seize alleged fugitive slaves without due process of law and prohibited anyone from aiding escaped fugitives or obstructing their recovery. Because it was often presumed that a black person was a slave, the law threatened the safety of all blacks. . . . —Text from an online exhibit describing the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850, Library of Congress, http://www.loc.gov (accessed December 9, 2009) What was one result of the law described above?

Northerners who believed the law was unfair began to support the abolitionist movement.

This statement best describes a result of industrialization in the United States during the mid-nineteenth century?

People moved to cities in search of economic opportunity.

In March 1853 a miner from Connecticut, Edward Matteson, and his partners fashioned a three-foot tapered metal funnel to which they clamped a canvas hose. They pumped water through the hose and pointed it at the hillside from which they were trying to extract gold. —"The Gold Rush's Impact on California's Landscape," American Experience, PBS, http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex (accessed August 23, 2011) What effect did the mining technique described in this excerpt have on the local environment?

Rivers became filled with sediment

* Should states attempt to resolve conflicting claims to territory? * Should states change their procedure for selecting representatives? * Should unanimous state approval for national laws be required? * Should more populous states receive greater representation? The Articles of Confederation allowed each state only one vote in Congress. Which question above reflects a major concern states had about this arrangement.?

Should more populous states receive greater representation?

America may boast that she has accomplished what no power before her ever did, contending with Britain—Captured two of their celebrated Generals and each an Army of thousands of veteran Troops to support them. —Abigail Adams, letter to John Adams, December 9, 1781 To which of the following is Abigail Adams referring in the excerpt above?

The American victory at the Battle of Yorktown

How was the bombardment of Fort Sumter significant to the Civil War?

The Confederate attack upon the Union fort initiated the war

I consider, then, the power to annul a law of the United States, assumed by one state, incompatible with the existence of the Union, contradicted expressly by the letter of the Constitution . . . —Proclamation, President Andrew Jackson The The proclamation excerpted above was issued during which of these historical events?

The Nullification Crisis

Finally, in the summer of 1842, after seven years of desperate warfare, an agreement was reached with the few hundred remaining Seminoles, allowing them to live in southwest Florida. —John and Mary Lou Missall, A Short History of the Seminole Wars, 2006 What led to the conflict referred to in the excerpt above?

The adoption of Indian removal policies

From 1690 to 1760, Parliament and the king of England allowed colonists in America to exercise a great deal of control over local and regional matters. Historians have described this practice as "salutary neglect." What happened as a direct result of this policy?

The colonies developed a strong tradition of self-government.

According to Alexander Hamilton, which action was necessary to ensure the stability of the nation's economy?

The establishment of a national bank

What was one major effect of the Erie Canal on the United States in the early nineteenth century?

The rapid growth of cities in the Northeast

What was a primary reason France sought to colonize North America?

To profit from trading in furs and other goods

Why did the Anti-Federalists demand that a bill of rights be added to the U.S. Constitution?

To protect individual freedoms from the federal government

The Compromise of 1850 allowed certain territories to use popular sovereignty to determine whether the territory would be free or slave. This decision applied to much of the land gained from the

U.S.-Mexican War

Why did the economies of western territories develop so differently from the economies of the Northeast and South?

Western territories had inexpensive land and abundant natural resources.

Unalienable Rights: • Life • Liberty • Pursuit of happiness The rights listed above were

defined by Thomas Jefferson in the Declaration of Independence

We have only to look about us in this great city, to observe the traces of the deadly influence of intemperance. Everywhere, we face crime, disease and death, all testify to the necessity of the prosecution of the cause, of steadfast and unwavering effort and prompt action to lead to complete success. —Charles C. Burleigh, address to the Whole World's Temperance Convention, 1853 The speaker quoted above was a supporter of the movement to

discourage the consumption of alcoholic beverages

Fourth Amendment ~ The right of the people to be secure in their persons, house, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and on Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause... The constitutional amendment excepted above protect people in the United States from

excessive surveillance by the government

In 1636, Thomas Hooker . . . established the first English settlement in Connecticut. Convinced that government should rest on free consent, he... —Steven Mintz, "Colonization: Dimensions of Change in Colonial New England," Digital History, http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu (accessed September 12, 2011) What is a logi

extended voting rights beyond church members

One advantage the Confederacy had over the Union during the Civil War was that Confederate forces had

knowledge of the terrain where most battles were fought

The plan of government now proposed is evidently calculated totally to change, in time, our condition as a people. Instead of being thirteen republics, under a federal head, it is clearly designed to make us one consolidated government. . . . —Federal Farmer No. 1, 1787 Those in favor of ratifying the Constitution would most likely respond to this concern by pointing out that

power is divided between the federal government and state governments

All knew that this interest was, somehow, the cause of the war. To strengthen, perpetuate, and extend this interest, was the object for which the insurgents would rend the Union, even by war; while the government claimed no right to do more than to restrict the territorial enlargement of it. —President Abraham Lincoln, second inaugural address, 1865 In the excerpt above, what does "this interest" refer to?

slavery

The Second Great Awakening was a movement that promoted

spiritual revival and the need for social reform

U.S. Secretary of War Jefferson Davis had sent Gadsden to negotiate with Santa Anna for the land. Davis valued it, as others did, as the perfect tract for the construction of the southern transcontinental railroad. The railroad line would connect western territories to the east and north, greatly increasing the accessibility of these new lands. —"America's Story," Library of Congress, http://www.loc.gov (accessed November 12, 2009) According to the excerpt above, the Gadsden Purchase was intended to

support settlement of U.S. territory gained through the U.S.-Mexican War