Stars Exam 1

Which of the following has an absorption ling spectrum? (1) heated bar of iron (2) photosphere of the sun (3) neon sign 1 only 2 only 3 only 1 & 2 1 2 3

2 only

The outdoor temperature today is closest to _____. 170 K 370 K 0 K 30 K 270 K

270 K

Suppose that ocean waves travel at 8 meters per second. If the frequency is 2 waves per second, what is the wavelength of the waves? 4 meters 1/2 meter 2 meters 1/4 meter 16 meters

4 meters

Which wavelength region of the electromagnetic spectrum is taken up by visible light? 100nm - 400nm 500nm - 1000nm 800nm - 1200nm 400nm - 700nm 500nm - 800nm

400nm - 700nm

Suppose that light from an astronomical object that is emitted with a rest wavelength of 400 nm is observed to have a wavelength of 500 nm. What is the speed of the object and in what direction is it moving? 1/5c, away from the observer -1/4c, toward observer -1/5c, toward observer 1/4c, away from observer -4/5c, toward observer

1/4c, away from observer

A nanometer is equal to _____. 10^-3 m 10^-9 m 10^-6 m 10^-4 m 10^-12 m

10^-9 m

When a light source recedes from an observer, the observer sees that the wave creasts are ____ than they would be if the source were at rest. The observed wavelengths of spectral lines from the source are ____, which is known as a ____. closer together, shortened, red shift farther apart, lengthened, blue shift farther apart, lengthened, red shift closer together, shortened, blue shift closer together, lengthened, red shift

farther apart, lengthened, red shift

Orange light differs from blue light in that travels more quickly than blue light has a longer wavelength than blue light travels more slowly that blue light has a shorter wavelength than blue light has a higher frequency than blue light

has a longer wavelength than blue light

What are the 3 stars that make up the summer triangle?

Deneb Vega Altair

Suppose that a spring is stretched between two points. If the spring vibrates so that its ends and mid-point remain stationary, and half of the spring moves up while the other half moves down, how many wavelengths new present on the spring? 1/4 1 1/2 2 4

1

Explain how Kelvin temperatures scale is defined. Give the temperatures for the following in the Fahrenheit, Celsius, and Kelvin scales: (1) Absolute zero (2) The freezing point of water (3) The boiling point of water

-459 F, -273 C, 0 K 32 F, 0 C, 273 K 212 F, 100 C, 373 K

What are some observations that the earth is spherical?

-Lunear eclipse -you see ships bottom first when its approaching -moon shadows at different lengths on some day-different latitudes

3 things for an eclipse to occur

-New moon phase -Moon must be in the plane of the Earth's orbit -The moon has to be at the right distance for the umbera to reach the surface of the earth

Describe the different features of the sky chart. What does the outside represent?

-Outside is the horizon -Center: Zenith

In the Cosmic Voyage video, what three observations that Galileo made with his telescope are discussed?

-The Moon has mountains on its surface, making it look like the Earth -Jupiter has moons that orbit it, showing that the Earth is not the center of all celestial motion -The band of the Milky Way Galaxy is made of countless stars

Of the following forms of cosmic electromagnetic radiation, which is able to pass through the Earth's atmosphere? (1) radio (2) x ray (3) gamma ray 1 only 2 only 3 only 1 & 2 only 1 2 3

1 only

A norman hydrogen atom contains ______ protons, ______ neutrons, and _____ electrons. 1, 0, 0 1, 1, 1 1, 2, 1 2, 1, 2 1, 0, 1

1, 0, 1

The Sun is ________ times larger than the volume than Earth. 10 100 1000 10,000 1,000,000

1,000,000

What is a spectrum? Why are they useful to astronomers?

A rainbow It's helpful to see the different colors in different wavelengths

Measure units that are used to find the average distance from the earth and sun

Astronomical Unit (AU)

The light given off by its object just given off its temperature

Black body radiation

Suppose that ocean waves travel at 2 meters per second. If the wavelength is 4 meters, what is the frequency of the waves?

C=yv 2 x 1/4 = 1/2

Apparent group of bright stars that look like they are in the same area

Constellation

Describe how the pointer stars in the Big Dipper are used to find Polaris.

Just points it to the direction of polaris

What is electromagnetic radiation? What effect does it have on electrons?

Light ER can change the electrons energy state

What is a nanometer (nm)?

Nano 10^-9

What is a photon? What are its properties?

Pocket of energy which acts like a particle 1.) Higher frequency, Higher energy 2.) Lower frequency, Lower energy

What is a spectral line? Describe the difference between emission, continious and absorbtion lines.

The colors in the rainbow Emission: Light source- Hot gas, low density, low energy Absorption: Dark colors- Cold gas, high energy (Photosphere of the sun) Continous: Hot solid object, dense gas

Describe the difference between a transverse wave and a longitudinal wave. Give examples:

Transverse: Vibrations move (Perpendicular) of the direction of the wave. Ex: Water wave, jump rope Longitudinal: The vibrations are going the same direction as the wave. Ex: Sound wave, slinky

Explain why we see different constellations at different times of the year?

We orbit the sun, the suns apparent position in the sky changes

Study of the group of constellations that are in the plane of the solar system

Zodiac

In class demonstration, the spectrum produced by the incandescent light bulb showed _____ when viewed through the hand help diffraction gratings. a single emission line a number of emission lines a continuous spectrum with a single absorption line a continuous spectrum with several absorption lines a continuous spectrum without any lines

a continuous spectrum without any lines

In class demonstration of spectra produced by gas discharge tubes, the tube containing neon showed ______ when viewed through a hand held grating. a spectrum with only one emission line a spectrum with only one absorption line a continuous spectrum a spectrum with many absorption lines a spectrum with many emmision lines

a spectrum with many emmision lines

As seen from bloomington, the sky appears to rotate daily ______ about _______. counterclockwise, polaris counterclockwise, the zenith clockwise, aldebaran clockwise, zenith clockwise, polaris

counterclockwise, polaris

As the frequency of a photon decreases, the photon energy ________. As the wavelength decreases, the photon energy ______. decreases, increases decreases, decreases increases, increases increases, decreases remains the same, remains the same

decreases, increases

Comparing black bodies of different temperature: (1) Y_max _______ as temperature increases and (2) at any wavelength, a hotter black body has a ____ intensity. increases, larger decreases, smaller remains the same, larger decreases, larger increases, smaller

decreases, larger

Comparing ultraviolet photons to infrared photons, we can say that ultraviolet photons have ______ energy, _____ frequency, and _______ wavelength than do infrared photons. higher, higher, longer lower, lower, longer higher, lower, shorter lower, higher, shorter higher, higher, shorter

higher, higher, shorter

A professor shakes a spring stressed horizontally. If he were to slow down his shaking the wavelength of the waves would: decrease increase stay the same increase then decrease decrease then increase

increase

A photon of which of the following colors has the highest energy? blue yellow orange indigo none of the above

indigo

In the class demonstration in which a match was lighted, what type of radiation was used? ultraviolet visible radio infrared microwave

infrared

In what wavelength range do humans at room temperature radiate energy most strongly? visible radio ultraviolet microwave infrared

infrared

In a plot of black body curve, the axes are frequency and temperature wavelength and frequency temperature and wavelength intensity and wavelength intensity and temperature

intensity and wavelength

An astronomical unit (AU) is a unit of time equal to the time taken for light to travel from the sun to the earth length equal to the average distance between the sun and the earth mass equal to one solar mass length equal to the distance traveled by light in one year length equal to the radius of the sun

length equal to the average distance between the sun and the earth

Which of the following is arranged from long to short wavelengths? x-ray, gamma ray, ultraviolet, infrared, radio radio, infrared, visible, x-ray, gamma ray radio, infrared, ultraviolet, gamma ray, x-ray ultraviolet, visible, infrared, x-ray, gamma ray gamma ray, x-ray, visible, infrared, radio

radio, (microwave), infrared, visible, x-ray, gamma ray

Which of the following properties is the same for all types of electromagnetic radiation in a vacuum? wavelength frequency amplitude energy speed

speed

The milky way galaxy contains which of the following? stars only stars and gas, only stars and dust, only stars, gas, and dust gas and dust, only

stars, gas, and dust

Which of the following statements about constellations is not correct? astronomers have divided the entire sky into 88 constellations every point on the sky lies within some costellations the stars in each constellation are always physically associated some constellations can never be seen from Bloomington different constellations are visible in the summer and winter

the stars in each constellation are always physically associated

In science, if new and reliable observations disagree with a well established theory, then the observations should be achieved for future reference and the theory retained as the best explanation of the phenomenon observations must be discarded theory must be discarded theory must be modified to account for the observations, and if this is not possible, then the theory must be discarded observations and theory must be discarded

theory must be modified to account for the observations, and if this is not possible, then the theory must be discarded

An electromagnetic wave is a ______ wave in which the oscillating electric and magnetic forces are _____ to the travel direction. transverse, perpendicular longitudinal, parallel longitudinal, perpendicular transverse, parallel

transverse, perpendicular

The wavelength of peak emission of the Sun is approximately 500 nm and the surface temperature of the sun is approximately 6000 K. Use this information to find the wavelength of peak emission for a star that has a surface temperature of 3000K.

y_max = const. / T (500 nm) (6000 K) / (3000 K) = 1000 mn