States and Changes of Matter Unit Test

A substance is tested in a lab. It is found to maintain a unique shape and is a good conductor of electricity. If it is made up of electrons, protons, and neutrons, what state of matter is this substance most likely to be? gas liquid plasma solid

D

The repeating subunits that are responsible for the shape of a crystal are known as unit cells. heavy nuclei. light electrons. amorphous cells.

A

On a temperature versus time graph, how does the temperature at the beginning of a change of state compare with the temperature at the end of the change? always lower always the same usually lower usually higher

B

Which statement describes a physical property of copper? It reacts with strong acids. It can be reshaped by a force. It ignites at high temperatures. It can combine with oxygen.

B

In order to observe a chemical physical electrical thermal property of a substance, the substance must interact with another substance, such as when gasoline burns or when sodium metal reacts with water.

chemical

Which statement describes an intensive property of matter? It is the same for every sample of a single substance. It depends on how a substance was formed. It is the same for every sample of every substance. It depends on the amount of substance present.

maybe A

A perfume bottle is dropped in the corner of a room. The odor of the perfume can be detected on the other side of the room. Which statement best describes this observation? Particles are moving from regions of high concentration to low concentration. Particles are moving from regions of low concentration to high concentration. Particles are moving through a small opening into a smaller volume. Particles are moving through a small opening into a larger volume.

A

The particles of a gas inside a balloon are experiencing an increase in their average kinetic energy and the number of collisions with the wall of the balloon. What is the most likely outcome? higher gas pressure inside the balloon higher air pressure outside the balloon a decrease in gas temperature inside the balloon a large increase in air temperature outside the balloon

A

Which best describes the energy change that takes place during deposition? Heat energy is released by the substance. Heat energy is maintained by the substance. Heat energy is slowly gained by the substance. Heat energy is quickly absorbed by the substance.

A

Which device involves the use of plasma in technology? arc welder diesel engine incandescent lightbulb battery-operated flashlight

A

Which process is a chemical change? burning a match boiling water melting ice breaking glass

A

Which statement best explains why heating a liquid affects its viscosity? The molecules move faster at higher temperatures and overcome attractions more easily. The molecules move faster at higher temperatures, and the attractions between them increase. The molecules move slower at higher temperatures and overcome attractions more easily. The molecules move slower at higher temperatures, and the attractions between them decrease.

A

A student is using a copper strip and a strong chlorine solution in her experiment. Which of these is a chemical property of one of her materials? density of the copper strip reactivity of the copper strip odor of the chlorine solution color of the chlorine solution

B

Bromine gas in a container is heated over a flame. What happens to the average kinetic energy of the bromine particles? It decreases rapidly. It increases quickly. It remains the same. It decreases slowly.

B

This heating curve is produced when a certain when a substance is heated. A graph of temperature versus time, with time in minutes as the horizontal axis and temperature in degrees Celsius as the vertical axis. 5 sections of line are labeled: 1 from 0 minutes, negative 10 degrees to 1, 0 degrees. 2: from 1, 0 to 4, 0. 3: from 4, 0 to 7.5, 100. 4: from 7.5, 100 to 17.5, 100. 5: from 17.5,100 to 19, 120. Which best compares the particles of the substance when it is in region 1 with the particles of the substance when it is in region 3? The particles are slower in region 3. The particles are more orderly in region 1. The particles have more kinetic energy in region 1. The particles have less freedom of motion in region 3.

B

Water's molar mass is 18.01 g/mol. The molar mass of glycerol is 92.09 g/mol. At 25°C, glycerol is more viscous than water. Which substance has the stronger intermolecular attraction? glycerol because it has a larger molar mass glycerol because it is more viscous and has a larger molar mass water because it has a lower molar mass water because it is less viscous and has a lower molar mass

B

Which change of state involves a release of energy? boiling condensation melting sublimation

B

Which is the best example of immiscible liquids? two polar liquids that have high surface tensions a polar liquid and a nonpolar liquid that have low surface tensions two nonpolar liquids that can dissolve into one another a polar liquid and a nonpolar liquid that do not dissolve into one another

B

Which of the following best identifies where long-range order would be found? in amorphous solids in crystalline solids in thermal plasmas in nonthermal plasmas

B

A student investigated some properties of lead and recorded the findings in the table below. Which statement is true with respect to the investigation? The student investigated only the physical properties of lead. The student investigated only the chemical properties of lead. The student investigated more physical properties than chemical properties of lead. The student investigated more chemical properties than physical properties of lead.

C

According to the kinetic-molecular theory, the average kinetic energy of gas particles depends on which factor? volume pressure temperature number of particles

C

Malia was able to make a paperclip float on the surface of water. What will most likely happen to the paperclip if a drop of dishwashing detergent is added near it? Soap is a surfactant that increases the intermolecular forces of water allowing the paperclip to continue to float. Soap makes the water less viscous making the paperclip sink. Soap is a surfactant that disrupts the intermolecular forces of water making the paperclip sink. Soap makes the water more viscous allowing the paperclip to continue to float.

C

The diagram below shows the different phase transitions that occur in matter. Three bars are shown labeled Solid, Liquid, and Gas. They are connected by arrows labeled 1 to 6. Arrow 1 points from liquid to gas; arrow 2 from solid to liquid, arrow 3 from solid to gas, arrow 4 from gas to liquid, arrow 5 from liquid to solid, and arrow 6 from gas to solid. Which arrow represents the transition in which dew is formed? 1 2 4 6

C

What happens when the kinetic energy of molecules increases so much that electrons are released by the atoms, creating a swirling gas of positive ions and negative electrons? Matter changes to a solid state. Matter changes to a liquid state. Matter changes to a plasma state. Matter changes to a gaseous state.

C

Which is an aspect of the kinetic-molecular theory and can be used to explain the behavior of plasmas? Particle spacing can allow a very high density. Particle kinetic energy is independent of temperature. Particles vibrate quickly in stationary positions. Particles exchange energy through elastic collisions.

D