Study Guide chapter 5
Worldwide, approximately what percentage of all diseases and injuries are a direct result of alcohol abuse?
10%
In the United States, approximately what percentage of hospital admissions are due to medical complications related to alcohol use?
25-30%
On average, the body can metabolize and eliminate 1 ounce of pure alcohol in what time frame?
3 hours
The national legal drinking age in the United States is 21. Since 1993 the rate of under age drinking in the United States has increased by what percentage
50%
The lifespan of a chronic high dose drink or is
9 to 22 years shorter than that of the general population
A key enzyme involved in the metabolism of alcohol is ________ and is located in the________and the_________
Alcohol; dehydrogenase; stomach; liver
When a person who has been drinking can only partially recall the events that occurred after they began drinking, is known as a
Brownout
High dose alcohol affects the central nervous system by ________ its function. At higher blood alcohol levels, this leads to________heart rate and breathing
Decreasing and decreased
The effects of alcohol ________ negative emotions such as lonely us, depression, and anger.
Deepen
Easy access to alcohol, a permissive societal view of drinking, unsafe living conditions, poor nutrition, and limited access to healthcare and drug recovery programs are example of what factors associated with increased alcohol use?
Environmental
Alcohol abuse is defined as a compulsion to drink alcohol and an inability to stop drinking once you start
False
Drinking experience, not hereditary, affects a person's ability to tolerate a given amount of alcohol
False
Pro long heavy drinking increases sexual function, desire, and the intensity of orgasm
False
The alcoholic content of the most US wines is generally lower than European wines
False
The amount of pure alcohol consumed per capita is higher in the United States rather than European countries, or the drinking age is 18 or younger
False
The effects of long-term alcohol abuse on physical health, neurochemistry, and cellular function are fewer and less harsh than for most other psychoactive drugs
False
Women have a higher percentage of body water than do man of comparable size, so there is more water to dilute the alcohol that they drink
False
The name of the first enzyme involved in the metabolism of alcohol is the alcohol dehydration enzyme
False- it's dehydrogenase
Binge drinking causes the most problems as is defined as
Five or more drinks for men at one sitting and four or more for women at one sitting
Which of the following statements is true about cirrhosis?
It is caused by the toxic effects of alcohol, free radicals, and acetaldehyde.
The following symptoms are in decorative of where alcohol related conditions? Symptoms include rapid pulse, sweating, increased body temperature, hand tremors, anxiety, depression, insomnia, and nausea or vomiting.
None- those are symptoms of severe withdrawal
Alcoholics are likely to experience which of the following problems with their memory?
Retrospective of memory (past events) and prospect of memory (day to day)
A person's reaction to alcohol and a level of impairment depend on that person's drinking history, behavioral tolerance, and mood
True
Alcohol interacts with more types of receptors, neurotransmitters, and genes than do marijuana and cocaine
True
Alcoholic hepatitis is a disease that affects the liver and is caused by prolonged heavy drinking
True
Although alcohol is observed at different rates, metabolism occurs at a relatively defined continuous rate
True
Blackouts are caused by an alcohol induced electro chemical disruption of the brain
True
Major alcohol with drawl symptoms can developed within a short time as seven consecutive weeks of heavy drinking
True
The variation in people's reactions to alcohol is due in part to hereditary factors that affect how efficiently the body metabolizes alcohol.
True
When other depressants are used, the danger of overdose is greatly increase because metabolism of alcohol takes presence over metabolism of other substances
True
Which of the following is the correctly ordered progression for levels of alcohol use?
abstention, experimentation, social/recreational, habituation, abuse, addiction
Which of the following would slow the rate of alcohol absorption?
diluting an alcoholic drink with water or ice or alternating every other drink with water or soda
Which of the following would speed up the absorption rate of alcohol?
drinking on an empty stomach
One of the most long lasting affects of alcohol abuse is an inability to experience normal sexual relationships
True
Susceptibility to black out and brown out is also a maker for susceptibility to alcoholism
True
The effects of alcohol depend on the amount or dose and just stayed over a given period of time or duration
True