Study Guide chapter 5

Worldwide, approximately what percentage of all diseases and injuries are a direct result of alcohol abuse?

10%

In the United States, approximately what percentage of hospital admissions are due to medical complications related to alcohol use?

25-30%

On average, the body can metabolize and eliminate 1 ounce of pure alcohol in what time frame?

3 hours

The national legal drinking age in the United States is 21. Since 1993 the rate of under age drinking in the United States has increased by what percentage

50%

The lifespan of a chronic high dose drink or is

9 to 22 years shorter than that of the general population

A key enzyme involved in the metabolism of alcohol is ________ and is located in the________and the_________

Alcohol; dehydrogenase; stomach; liver

When a person who has been drinking can only partially recall the events that occurred after they began drinking, is known as a

Brownout

High dose alcohol affects the central nervous system by ________ its function. At higher blood alcohol levels, this leads to________heart rate and breathing

Decreasing and decreased

The effects of alcohol ________ negative emotions such as lonely us, depression, and anger.

Deepen

Easy access to alcohol, a permissive societal view of drinking, unsafe living conditions, poor nutrition, and limited access to healthcare and drug recovery programs are example of what factors associated with increased alcohol use?

Environmental

Alcohol abuse is defined as a compulsion to drink alcohol and an inability to stop drinking once you start

False

Drinking experience, not hereditary, affects a person's ability to tolerate a given amount of alcohol

False

Pro long heavy drinking increases sexual function, desire, and the intensity of orgasm

False

The alcoholic content of the most US wines is generally lower than European wines

False

The amount of pure alcohol consumed per capita is higher in the United States rather than European countries, or the drinking age is 18 or younger

False

The effects of long-term alcohol abuse on physical health, neurochemistry, and cellular function are fewer and less harsh than for most other psychoactive drugs

False

Women have a higher percentage of body water than do man of comparable size, so there is more water to dilute the alcohol that they drink

False

The name of the first enzyme involved in the metabolism of alcohol is the alcohol dehydration enzyme

False- it's dehydrogenase

Binge drinking causes the most problems as is defined as

Five or more drinks for men at one sitting and four or more for women at one sitting

Which of the following statements is true about cirrhosis?

It is caused by the toxic effects of alcohol, free radicals, and acetaldehyde.

The following symptoms are in decorative of where alcohol related conditions? Symptoms include rapid pulse, sweating, increased body temperature, hand tremors, anxiety, depression, insomnia, and nausea or vomiting.

None- those are symptoms of severe withdrawal

Alcoholics are likely to experience which of the following problems with their memory?

Retrospective of memory (past events) and prospect of memory (day to day)

A person's reaction to alcohol and a level of impairment depend on that person's drinking history, behavioral tolerance, and mood

True

Alcohol interacts with more types of receptors, neurotransmitters, and genes than do marijuana and cocaine

True

Alcoholic hepatitis is a disease that affects the liver and is caused by prolonged heavy drinking

True

Although alcohol is observed at different rates, metabolism occurs at a relatively defined continuous rate

True

Blackouts are caused by an alcohol induced electro chemical disruption of the brain

True

Major alcohol with drawl symptoms can developed within a short time as seven consecutive weeks of heavy drinking

True

The variation in people's reactions to alcohol is due in part to hereditary factors that affect how efficiently the body metabolizes alcohol.

True

When other depressants are used, the danger of overdose is greatly increase because metabolism of alcohol takes presence over metabolism of other substances

True

Which of the following is the correctly ordered progression for levels of alcohol use?

abstention, experimentation, social/recreational, habituation, abuse, addiction

Which of the following would slow the rate of alcohol absorption?

diluting an alcoholic drink with water or ice or alternating every other drink with water or soda

Which of the following would speed up the absorption rate of alcohol?

drinking on an empty stomach

One of the most long lasting affects of alcohol abuse is an inability to experience normal sexual relationships

True

Susceptibility to black out and brown out is also a maker for susceptibility to alcoholism

True

The effects of alcohol depend on the amount or dose and just stayed over a given period of time or duration

True