SWM301 - Part 4
By the ____, the U.S. military and its civilian suppliers developed software to assist in managing large projects. a. 1960s b. 1970s c. 1980s d. 1990s
b
The ____ focuses on producing harmony between the needs of the organization and the needs of the people. a. structural frame b. human resources frame c. political frame d. symbolic frame
b
____ include devising and maintaining a workable scheme to ensure that the project addresses the organization's needs. a. Initiating processes b. Planning processes c. Executing processes d. Monitoring and controlling processes
b
____ is a planning process falling under the Project Integration Management knowledge area. a. Schedule development b. Develop project management plan c. Create WBS d. Quality planning
b
____ is crucial in information technology projects because once a project team implements a new system, it takes a considerable amount of effort to change the system. a. Initiating b. Planning c. Executing d. Closing
b
____ refers to the degree to which the organization monitors and responds to changes in the external environment. a. Means-ends orientation b. Open-systems focus c. Conflict tolerance d. Risk tolerance
b
____ is a set of shared assumptions, values, and behaviors that characterize the functioning of an organization. a. Organizational politics b. Organizational philosophy c. Organizational culture d. Organizational structure
c
____ tools, sometimes referred to as enterprise project management software, provide robust capabilities to handle very large projects. a. Low-end b. Midrange c. High-end d. Inexpensive
c
The ____ model provides for progressive development of operational software, with each release providing added capabilities. a. spiral life cycle b. RAD life cycle c. waterfall life cycle d. incremental build life cycle
d
____ describes a holistic view of carrying out projects within the context of the organization. a. Systems philosophy b. Systems thinking c. Systems analysis d. Systems approach
b
____ is a planning process falling under the Project Scope Management knowledge area. a. Schedule development b. Develop project management plan c. Create WBS d. Quality planning
c
____ was an early project management software product that helped managers analyze complex schedules for designing aircraft. a. Artemis b. Columbia c. Vega d. Oberlin
a
A PMO, or Project ____ Office, is an organizational group responsible for coordinating the project management function throughout an organization. a. Management b. Money c. Municipal d. Marketing
a
A ____ is a collection of project phases. a. project life cycle b. project feasibility c. project planning cycle d. project acquisition
a
During ____ processes for a new project, the organization recognizes that a new project exists, and completes a project charter as part of this recognition. a. initiating b. planning c. opening d. controlling
a
In a ____, program managers report to the CEO. a. project organizational structure b. system organizational structure c. matrix organizational structure d. functional organizational structure
a
In early phases of a project life cycle, resource needs are usually ____ and the level of uncertainty is ____. a. lowest; highest b. high; lowest c. lowest; lowest d. highest; highest
a
In the ____ phase, the project team creates more detailed project plans, a more accurate cost estimate, and a more thorough WBS. a. development b. implementation c. concept d. close-out
a
Project managers have the least amount of authority in a pure ____. a. functional organizational structure b. project organizational structure c. matrix organizational structure d. circular organizational structure
a
The Project Management ____, a Web site for people involved in project management, provides an alphabetical directory of more than 300 project management software solutions. a. Center b. Alliance c. Consortium d. Facility
a
The ____ assumes that organizations are coalitions composed of varied individuals and interest groups. a. political frame b. symbolic frame c. structural frame d. human resources frame
a
The ____ focuses on different groups' roles and responsibilities in order to meet the goals and policies set by top management. a. structural frame b. human resources frame c. political frame d. symbolic frame
a
The project integration management knowledge area maps to the ____ process group through the activities of developing project charters. a. initiating b. planning c. executing d. monitoring and controlling
a
____ include defining and authorizing a project or project phase. a. Initiating processes b. Planning processes c. Executing processes d. Monitoring and controlling processes
a
____ tools are often recommended for small projects and single users. a. Low-end b. Midrange c. High-end d. Expensive
a
The term "systems approach" emerged in the ____. a. 1940s b. 1950s c. 1960s d. 1970s
b
During the Cold War years of the 1950s and '60s, ____ continued to be key in refining several project management techniques. a. NASA b. the military c. steel manufacturing d. marine biology
b
Examples of ____ include acquiring and developing the project team, performing quality assurance, distributing information, managing stakeholder expectations, and conducting procurements. a. monitoring and controlling processes b. executing processes c. planning processes d. initiating processes
b
In the ____ phase, the project team creates a definitive or very accurate cost estimate, delivers the required work, and provides performance reports to stakeholders. a. development b. implementation c. concept d. close-out
b
Many organizations are now using enterprise or project ____ management software to help manage projects. a. path b. portfolio c. institute d. office
b
Most trade schools, colleges, and universities did not start offering degrees in computer technology, computer science, management information systems, or other information technology areas until the ____. a. 1950s b. 1970s c. 1980s d. 1990s
b
Project managers have the most authority in a pure ____. a. functional organizational structure b. project organizational structure c. matrix organizational structure d. circular organizational structure
b
Projects involve ____ project management process groups. a. three b. five c. eight d. ten
b
The ____ model assumes that requirements will remain stable after they are defined. a. spiral life cycle b. waterfall life cycle c. prototyping life cycle d. RAD life cycle
b
The ____ model requires heavy user involvement, and developers use a model to generate functional requirements and physical design specifications simultaneously. a. RAD life cycle b. prototyping life cycle c. spiral life cycle d. incremental build life cycle
b
A common ____ is reporting performance, where project stakeholders can identify any necessary changes that may be required to keep the project on track. a. executing process b. closing process c. monitoring and controlling process d. planning process
c
A preliminary or rough cost estimate is developed in the ____ phase, and an overview of the work involved is created. a. implementation b. development c. concept d. close-out
c
In a ____ matrix organizational structure, the project manager controls the project budget and has moderate to high authority. a. weak b. balanced c. strong d. functional
c
In a ____, personnel often report to both a functional manager and one or more project managers. a. project organizational structure b. system organizational structure c. matrix organizational structure d. functional organizational structure
c
Just as passing the CPA exam is a standard for accountants, passing the ____ exam is becoming a standard for project managers. a. PMI b. PM c. PMP d. PMO
c
PMI provides certification as a Project Management ____ (PMP), someone who has documented sufficient project experience and education, agreed to follow the PMI code of professional conduct, and demonstrated knowledge of the field of project management by passing a comprehensive examination. a. Producer b. Practitioner c. Professional d. Professor
c
The ____ characteristic of organizational culture describes the degree to which management's decisions take into account the effect of outcomes on people within the organization. a. member identity b. group emphasis c. people focus d. unit integration
c
The ____ model uses an approach in which developers work with an evolving prototype. a. incremental build life cycle b. waterfall life cycle c. RAD life cycle d. spiral life cycle
c
The longest path through a network diagram that determines the earliest completion of a project is called the ____ path. a. essential b. important c. critical d. vital
c
A ____ is the hierarchy most people think of when picturing an organizational chart. a. project organizational structure b. system organizational structure c. matrix organizational structure d. functional organizational structure
d
Administrative activities are often involved in ____, such as archiving project files, closing out contracts, documenting lessons learned, and receiving formal acceptance of the delivered work as part of the phase or project. a. monitoring and controlling processes b. executing processes c. initiating processes d. closing processes
d
Many companies have realized that information technology is integral to their business and have created a vice president or equivalent-level position for the head of information technology, often called the ____. a. CPO b. CFO c. CEO d. CIO
d
The project scope management knowledge area maps to the ____ process group through the activities of scope verification and scope control. a. initiating b. planning c. executing d. monitoring and controlling
d
The project time management knowledge area maps to the ____ process group through the activity of schedule control. a. initiating b. planning c. executing d. monitoring and controlling
d
____ is a problem-solving approach that requires defining the scope of the system, dividing it into its components, and then identifying and evaluating its problems, opportunities, constraints, and needs. a. Systems philosophy b. Systems management c. Systems troubleshooting d. Systems analysis
d