Sx Exam 2 Chapters 3, 4, 5, 6 COPY (CORRECTED FORMAT FOR MULTIPLE CHOICE Q'S)
WHAT SIZE CLIPPER BLADE IS USED TO SURGICALLY PREPARE A PATIENT'S INCISION SITE?
#40 Blade
List FOUR causes of hypercarbia.
- decreased rr - too deep - exhausted soda lime- dont do w animal on machine -kinked endotracheal tube -not enough manual ventilation -improper size of breathing circuit
What other piece of equipment is used with a manual and automated indirect blood pressure monitor? ◦ How is the equipment used? ◦ How do you select the correct size of that equipment? ◦ What should you never do when using that equipment?
- doppler, cuff -place line on artery -40 to 50 percent -never tape bp cuff
List FOUR locations for obtaining a pulse in an anesthetized patient.
-femoral -dorsal pedal -facial (horses) -lingual artery -aural (pig)
WHAT ARE THE TWO REASONS PATIENTS ARE SECURED TO THE SURGICAL TABLE?
-stable position for the surgery -preventing contamination *Not for securing the animal*
Your patient is undergoing entropion surgery. List the nursing considerations for this patient/procedure.
-sternal recumbent -raise table -shave eyes -dilute eye w betadine sol -*cannot lube eyes*
List THREE alternative locations for a pulse oximetry probe on a patient during a dentistry procedure.
-toe webbing -ear -prepuce
List three alternative ways to monitor a patient's vital signs during an entropion surgery
-vulva or prepuce to measure mm color -femoral artery for pulse rate -attaching spo2 underside of tail
WHAT ARE THREE REASONS FOR A DECREASED PCV?
1. Dehydration 2. Anemia 3. Hemorrhage 4. Parasites 5. Autoimmune 6. Hemoditlation
WHAT ARE THREE REASONS FOR INCREASED PCV?
1. Dehydration 2. stress 3. Splenic contraction 4. polycythemia vera
WHAT ARE THE THREE FUNCTIONS OF THE ANESTHESIA MACHINE?
1. Deliver o2 2. Deliver anesthesia 3. Removal of waste gas
What is the order of application/attachment for multiparameter patient monitoring probes?
1. ECG 2. ETCO2 3. SPO2 4. Bp cuff 5. Doppler probe 6. Sphygmomanometer 7. temperature
WHAT ARE THE TWO TIMES THE POP-OFF VALVE CAN BE CLOSED?
1. Giving a breath 2. Leak check
WHAT ARE THREE CLASSES OF DRUGS IN PREEMPTIVE ANESTHESIA?
1. NSAID 2. Opioid 3. Sedative/ Tranquilizer
LIST THE FIVE TECHNIQUES USED TO CONFIRM PROPER ET TUBE PLACEMENT?
1. Palpate 2. auscultation of lungs 3. coughing 4. fogging 5. reservoir bag 6. air movement 7. unidirectional valve 8. Etco2
WHAT ARE THE FOUR MAIN COMPONENT "SYSTEMS" OF THE ANESTHESIA MACHINE?
1. Tank and flowmeter 2. Vaporizer 3. Breathing circuit 4. Scavenging system
WHAT ARE THE FOUR PHASES OF THE PAIN PATHWAY?
1. Transduction 2. Transmission 3. Modulation 4. Perception
List FOUR rinsing agents commonly used when preparing a patient's surgical site.
1. chlorhexidine solution 2. sterile water 3. sterile saline 4. 70% alcohol
List FIVE methods to ensure tracheal intubation versus esophageal intubation.
1. coughing 2. fog inside tube 3. palpation 4. air movement 5. ETCO2
List THREE locations on your canine patient's body where a oscillometric cuff can be placed.
1. metacarpus 2. metatarsus 3. base of tail ventral aspect
WHAT ARE THE THREE MAIN REASONS FOR USING AN ENDOTRACHEAL TUBE?
1. open airway 2. deliver o2 3. deliver iso
What is the approximate tidal volume of a 40-lb dog?
1092 mL 40 lb = 18.2 kg 18.2 kg x 10 ml/kg = 182 mL 182 mL x 6 = 1092 mL
Calculate a 16lb canine patient's surgical rate of IVF. cats: 3-5 ml/hr dogs: 5-10 ml/hr
16 lb = 7.3 kg 7.3 x 5ml/kg/hr= 36.4 ml/hr
WHAT SIZE REBREATHING BAG WOULD YOU CHOOSE FOR A 32LB DOG?
2L bag size 32 lb = 14.5 kg 14.5 kg x 20= 290ml 290ml x 6 = 1740ml 1740 ml ÷ 1000 = 1.7 (Ms. Sarah prefers high end when calculating) Note: If CO2 level is high, you probably need a different bag They are not able to expire Co2. If Spo2 is low (hypoxic), change it, they do not have good gas exchange.
WHAT IS THE NORMAL RANGE OF PCV FOR A CAT?
30-40%
WHAT IS THE NORMAL RANGE OF PCV FOR A DOG?
37 - 55%
Intraoperative values should be recorded every
5-10 minutes
ONCE AN ACTIVATED CHARCOAL CANISTER GAINS ____GRAMS, IT IS REPLACED AND DISPOSED OF BECAUSE IT WILL NO LONGER ABSORB THE WASTE GAS.
50 grams
WHAT IS A FELINE'S NORMAL BLOOD GLUCOSE?
58-120 mg/dL *may have a stress induced hyperglycemia*
Which central venous pressure measurement should indicate a patient is overhydrated?
6 cmH20
A MICRODRIP SET DELIVERS FLUIDS AT A RATE OF ____ DROPS PER MILLIMETER
60 gtt
YOU'RE OBTAINING TPR FROM YOUR PATIENT. IN 15 SECONDS, YOUR PATIENT TAKES 16 BREATHS. WHAT IS THE RR?
64 rpm
WHAT IS A CANINE'S NORMAL BLOOD GLUCOSE?
76-120 mg/dL
Using the previous answer, determine the patient's TVI at the conclusion of surgery if the procedure lasted 2 hours and 15 minutes.
81 mL 36(mL/hr) + 36(mL/hr) = 72 (60 ÷ 15 = 4) 4 ÷ 36(mL/hr) = 9 72 + 9 = 81
A macrodrip IV set should be reserved for patients that are ____ in weight
>7k
Which part of the capnograph represents expiration? (attached is photo)
AB to C
THE ______ RANKING SYSTEM IS USED TO ASSESS A PARTICULAR PATIENT'S RISK FOR AN ANESTHETIC PROCEDURE HOPING TO DEFINE AN PATIENT'S RISK CATEGORY
ASA
When should the CO2 absorbent crystals of an anesthesia machine be changed?
After 6 to 8 hours of use
The patient's signalment includes which information?
Age, gender, breed
DRUGS THAT BIND TO AND STIMULATE A RECEPTOR ARE CALLED:
Agonists
The oxygen flush valve of the anesthetic machine is used to:
Allow quick infusion of oxygen into the breathing circuit
COMPLETE OR PARTIAL COLLAPSE OF A LOBE OR THE ENTIRE LUNG IS TERMED.....
Atelectasis
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING ANESPETICS IS USED FOR A PREPUTIAL FLUSH PRIOR TO SURGICAL PREP
Betadine
What blood test is used to assess the patient's kidney function?
Blood urea nitrogen
Where does the modulation portion of the nociceptive pathway occur?
Brain
WHAT IS INCLUDED IN A PATIENT SIGNALMENT?
Breed, Age, Sex, Reproductive Status
WHEN MICROSCOPICALLY EXAMINING A PACKED CELL VOLUME TUBE TO ASSESS FOR HEARTWORM MICROFILARIA, WHERE ON THE SAMPLE WOULD YOU FIND THE MICROFILARIA?
Buffy coat
Which drug is a partial opioid agonist?
Buprenorphine
WHICH AGONIST-ANTAGONIST OPIOID HAS EXTREMELY SHORT ANALGESIC PROPERTIES BUT PROFOUND SEDATION?
Butorphanol
___ MONITOR IS PERFORMED TO ASSESS HOW WELL BLOOD IS RETURNING TO THE HEART AS WELL AS HOW EFFECTIVELY BLOOD IS PUMPED FROM THE HEART
CVP
The function of the vaporizer is to:
Change the liquid inhalant anesthetic to a gas form
THE CRYSTALS ABSORB EXHALED CO2 AND THE RESULTING CHEMICAL REACTION PRODUCES HEAT, WATER, AND A ______ _______.
Color change
THE RESERVOIR BAG ____ AS THE PATIENT INSPIRES AND ____ AS THE PATIENT EXPIRES.
Deflate; Inflates
Which description could be used to appropriately note a patient's mentation?
Depressed
___ IS A DOSE-DEPENDENT SEDATIVE ANALGESIC ALPHA 2 AGONIST, OFTEN USED AS A PREANESTHETIC AGENT IN HEALTHY ANIMALS
Dexmedetomidine
When should a passive waste anesthetic gas canister be disposed of?
Discard the canister after a 50-gram increase in weight
Which class of drugs is known to cause muscle rigidity, especially in felines? (HINT: "stiffy cat")
Dissociative anesthetics
What monitoring device used to detect heart arrhythmia?
ECG
When scrubbing the skin of the intended surgical site, sufficient friction should be generated to cause hyperemia.
False
TRUE OR FALSE? AN ALPHA 2 AGONIST AGENT IS USED TO ANESTHETIZE THE LARYNGEAL FOLDS IN A FELINE PATIENT PRIOR TO INTUBATION?
False, lidocaine class
ONCE THE PATIENT HAS BEEN TRANSPORTED FROM THE PREP ROOM AND SECURED TO THE TABLE IN THE SURGERY ROOM THE __ ___ ___ IS PERFORMED IN THE SURGERY ROOM
Final surgical scrub
WHAT ARE THE LANDMARKS FOR CLIPPING A PATIENT FOR AN OVARIOHYSTERECTOMY?
From the base of the sternum manubrium to the pubis then lateral to lateral.
PASSIVE SCAVENGING SYSTEMS RELY ON ______ TO REMOVE THE GASES FROM THE SYSTEM.
Gravity
Postoperative values recorded in an anesthesia log include:
HR, RR, Temp, Total volume of fluids administered
A contraindication to using an opioid in a patient is
Head trauma
What is a method of interrupting a cat's purring during thoracic auscultation?
Hold a cotton ball soaked in alcohol near the cat's nose.
WHEN SHOULD A PATIENT'S BLADDER NOT BE MANUALLY EXPRESSED PRIOR TO SURGICAL PREP?
If there is any type of condition that will compromise the integrity of the patient's bladder. Ex: Stones, internal injury, blockage, ruptured bladder
Which of the following is not a method of assessing neurologic parameters in an anesthetized patient?
Jaw tone
A central catheter is placed in which vein?
Jugular
When microscopically examining a PCV tube to assess for heartworm microfilaria, where on the sample would you find the microfilaria?
Just above the buffy coat
Which vessel is least appropriate for assessing pulse quality in an anesthetized feline patient?
Lingual artery
Which drug class has the ability to provide complete absence of pain, at least temporarily?
Local Anesthetics
HOW IS THE VOLUME OF OXYGEN REGULATED INTO THE VAPORIZER?
MM per minute if less than a liter.
When reading a flowmeter with a ball float, read where the:
Middle of the ball sits
Robenacoxib IS AN ______
NSAID
____ INHIBIT THE ACTIVITY OF COX 1 AND/OR COX 2 ACTIVITY
NSAIDs
Which valve is used for a vent to prevent excessive pressure in the anesthesia system?
Negative pressure relief valve
What is a correct use of a butterfly catheter?
One time venous access for administration of medication over a 1- to 3 minute period
WHAT IS THE MOST USED TYPE OF INTRAVENOUS CATHETER IN VETERINARY MEDICINE?
Over the needle
Which reflex is elicited by touching the medial canthus of the eye?
Palpebral
Cardiac insufficiency leads to hypotension due to
Poor contractility of cardiac muscle
HOW IS OXYGEN MEASURED IN A COMPRESSED TANK?
Pressure reducing valve 2200 PSI is a full tank
Which drug class is an NSAID?
Robenacoxib
Which stage of anesthesia is the excitement stage?
Stage 2
Thoracic auscultation is best performed with the patient in what position?
Standing
Explain the 'target' pattern of scrubbing a surgical site.
Start at the proposed incision site and then move the sponge progressively outward in a target pattern until the hair is reached
The only time the pop-off valve should be closed when a patient is attached to a semi-closed rebreathing anesthesia circuit is when:
The anesthetist is providing manual ventilation
EXPLAIN 'CHIEF COMPLAINT'
The primary concern for the visit
What device is contraindicated for maintaining patient body temperature during surgical procedures?
Thermal heating pad
Why are leading questions inappropriate to ask during the history taking?
They make the owner feel compelled to answer a certain way and they may encourage the owner to answer inaccurately
Why is it important to review all medications and supplements that a patient is taking before beginning the surgery?
This is important because certain medications and supplements may interact with diagnostic tests or premedication and anesthetic drugs
______ IS CALCULATED AS 10ML/KG OF BODY WEIGHT AND IS THE VOLUME OF AIR INHALED DURING A NORMAL BREATH OF REST.
Tidal Volume
What are the two purposes of a patient anesthesia monitoring form?
To have a legal document apart of the medical record and to monitor the patient's vital trends
Why is assisted breathing beneficial to an anesthetized patient even if the ETCO2 is normal?
To prevent collapsing of aviolar to increase gas exchange
MOVEMENT OF WHAT TWO VALVES ALLOW FOR ONE- WAY MOVEMENT OF GASES?
Unidirectonal valves
WHAT DIAGNOSTICS DO WE PERFORM AT PSC-VTP? WHY?
Urinarlysis CBC- automates & manual Fecal float Sp Gr Hw snap & direct PE Glucose Felv & FIV PCV/TS
YOU ARE ADMITTING A DOG FOR ORCHIDECTOMY. WHAT QUESTIONS DO YOU ASK THE OWNER?
Was he NPO? What medications is he on? When did he last have them? Is he vaccinated? Would you like us to admin vax during procedure? Sx history Allergic reations? CPR? DNR? If they have any questions
A ____ ____ occurs when the heart contracts but does not generate enough push to produce a palpable peripheral pulse. a. Pulse deficit b. Pulse decrease c. Heart murmur d. Heart
a
ALCOHOL IS BOTH AN ANTISEPTIC AND DISINFECTANT. a. True b. False
a
Agonal breaths occur when the patient: a. Has suffered a cardiac arrest b. Is being assisted with ventilation c. Is in the surgical plane of anesthesia d. in the excitatory stage of anesthesia
a
Assisted ventilation helps to prevent: a. Atelectasis b. ET tube leakage c. Rapid respiration d. Changes in anesthetic depth
a
CHLORHEXIDINE SOLUTION CONTAINS NO DETERGENT. a. True b. False
a
Do not rely solely on machines for monitoring anesthetized patients. a. True b. False
a
For a full evaluation of the patient's condition and stage/depth of anesthesia, the anesthetist should assess multiple parameters, including reflexes. a. True b. False
a
How often is the patient's heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, SpO2, & ETCO2 recorded? a. Every 5 minutes b. Every 15 minutes c. Every 30 minutes d. At the beginning and end of the procedure
a
Hypocarbia is defined as a carbon dioxide level <35 mmHg a. True b. False
a
Patients undergoing long surgical procedures (or improperly dosed pre-meds) may need intra- operative doses of analgesia. a. True b. False
a
TRUE OR FALSE INHALANTS USED IN NON-PRECISION VAPORIZERS ARE NOT AVAILABLE. a. True b. False
a
TRUE OR FALSE? THE LARGEST-SIZED ENDOTRACHEAL TUBE, (WITHOUT BEING TRAUMATIC) SHOULD BE USED? a. True b. False
a
There is a direct correlation between progression of hypotension and progression of anesthetic depth. a. True b. False
a
To determine a decreasing or increasing trend in body temperature, pulse, and respiratory rate (TPR), the anesthetist must be sure to measure these preanesthetic values of the patient. a. True b. False
a
What is capnography? a. Measurement of the level of CO2 in the patient's exhaled breath b. Estimate of saturated hemoglobin on erythrocytes c. Estimate of saturated hemoglobin on leukocytes d. Measurement of bound oxygen in the bloodstream
a
When a patient has undergone cardiac arrest, you would expect the pupils to be: a. Fully dilated b. Mildly dilated c. Normal in size d. Pinpoint-sized
a
Which of these is a normal capnometer reading for a patient? a. 40 mmHg b. 60mmHg c. 75 mm Hg d. 100 mm Hg
a
A consent form should include
a thorough description of the surgical procedure.
When is expressing the bladder of a patient prior to surgery contraindicated or not indicated?
abdominal exploratory in a hit by car patient
What is the function of oxygen in the anesthesia circuit?
acts as a carrier gas for the anesthetic gas
DRUGS THAT BIND TO AND BLOCK THEIR ACTION ARE CALLED:
antagonist
___ DRUGS SUCH AS ATROPINE AND GLYCOPYRROLATE ARE ROUTINELY ADDED TO PREMEDICATION PROTOCOLS THAT WERE EXPECTED TO PRODUCE PROFOUND SUSTAINED BRADYCARDIA
anticholinergic AKA parasympatholytic
What is a disadvantage of using a capnometer on a patient?
arterial blood gas sample would be more accurate at determining co2 levels
Assisted ventilation helps to prevent
atelectasis
What method is used to check that the endotracheal tube has not migrated too far down the trachea?
auscult the thorax for bilateral lung sounds
A minimum of ____ mmHg ETCO2 is needed to ensure adequate tissue perfusion in an anesthetized patient. a. 90 b. 35 c. 60 d. 95
b
CHLORHEXIDINE TENDS TO CAUSE MORE ALLERGIC REACTIONS THAN POVIDONE IODINE? a. True b. False
b
How often is a patient's body temperature recorded? a. Every 5 minutes b. Every 15 minutes c. Every 30 minutes d. At the beginning and end of the procedure
b
TRUE OR FALSE ANESTHESIA MACHINES REQUIRE ELECTRICITY TO OPERATE. a. True b. False
b
TRUE OR FALSE? POVIDONE IODINE HAS A BETTER RESIDUAL ACTIVITY THAN CHLORHEXIDINE? a. True b. False
b
What are the normal values for ETCO2? a. 60 - 90 mmHg b. 35-45mmHg c. 35 - 45% d. >95%
b
What is an automatic response to a stimulus made by a patient without conscious awareness? a. Shock b. Reflex c. Pulse deficit d. Hypotension
b
What is pulse oximetry? a. Measurement of the level of CO2 in the patient's exhaled breath b. Estimate of saturated hemoglobin on erythrocytes c. Estimate of saturated hemoglobin on leukocytes d. Measurement of bound oxygen in the bloodstream
b
What organ(s) are most affected by poor tissue perfusion? a. Brain b. Kidneys c. Liver d. Lungs
b
Which agent not only increases heart rate, but also ventricular contractility, thus improving blood pressure? a. Atropine b. Ketamine c. Glycopyrrolate d. Demedetomidine
b
Which device measures the percentage of oxygen saturation of the patient's hemoglobin? a. Capnometer b. Pulse oximetry c. Electrocardiogram d. Doppler blood pressure monitor
b
Which stage of anesthesia is the excitement stage? a. Stage I b. Stage II c. Stage III d. Stage IV
b
How often should an anesthesia machine be leak tested?
before each use
A ____ CATHETER IS A SMALL GAUGE CATHETER WITH A PLASTIC SET OF WINGS BELOW THE NEEDLE HUB THAT ALLOWS FOR EASE OF GRIPPING
butterfly
What agent may contribute to the development of malignant hyperthermia? a. Ketamine b. Atropine c. Sevoflurane d. Medetomidine
c
What is an anticholinergic agent? a. Sedative b. Parasympathomimetic used to decrease heart rate c. Parasympatholytic used to increase heart rate d. Analgesic
c
What is normal CRT in a conscious patient? a. 1-3 seconds b. >2 seconds c. <2 seconds d. 95%
c
What prevents the esophageal stethoscope from entering the trachea? a. Epiglottis b. Laryngeal folds c. Properly placed endotracheal tube d. Base of the tongue
c
What stage of anesthesia is an unconscious patient with well below normal heart rate, prolonged CRT and significantly decreased pulse strength? a. Stage III Plane II b. Stage II, Plane III c. Stage III, Plane III d. StageIV
c
What type of catheter is placed when performing direct blood pressure monitoring? a. Intravenous catheter b. Urinary catheter c. Arterial catheter d. Rectal catheter
c
Which drug will cause a delayed CRT? a. Atropine b. Ketamine c. Medetomidine d. Glycopyrrolate
c
The reason for a patient's visit is also called:
cheif complaint
DURING THE FINAL SCRUB WHAT CAN BE USED AS A RINSE AGENT?
chlorhexidine solution
During the final scrub, what can be used as a rinse agent?
chlorhexidine solution and povidone-iodine solution
When manual ventilation is being performed, the pop-off valve should be:
closed and then opened after the manual ventilation breath is complete
The goal of balanced anesthesia is to:
combine smaller doses of multiple medications to minimize side effects.
Blue color to mucous membranes suggests: a. Anemia b. Pigmentation c. Severe blood infection d. Poor hemoglobin saturation
d
Cardiac insufficiency leads to hypotension due to: a. Dehydration b. Excessive blood loss c. Excessive vasodilation d. Poor contractility of cardiac muscle
d
What are the normal values for SpO2? a. 60 - 90 mmHg b. 35 - 45 mmHg c. 35-45% d. >95%
d
What two agent classes listed below are used to increase heart rate? a. Anticholinergics and opioids b. Alpha-2 agonists and anticholinergics c. Local anesthetics and anticholinergics d. Anticholinergics and dissociatives
d
Which device reflects the level of arterial CO2? a. Capnometer b. Pulse oximetry c. Electrocardiogram d. Direct blood pressure monitor
d
Which location is the most accurate for obtaining a patient body temperature? a. Tympanic membrane b. Axillary region c. Inguinal region d. Rectum
d
Which reflex is elicited by touching the medial canthus of the eye? a. Aural b. Pedal c. Corneal d. Palpebral
d
What two methods are used for obtaining a patient's blood pressure?
direct and indirect
Which device reflects the level of arterial CO2?
direct blood pressure monitor
What are FOUR causes of hypotension in an anesthetized patient?
drugs, temp, fluid deficit, hypovolemia, hemorrhage, vasodilation, dehydration
List FOUR ways to obtain a patient's heart rate.
esophageal stethoscope, palpate, ECG, stethoscope, spo2, hands
INTRAOPERATIVE VALUES SHOULD BE RECORDED:
every 5 minutes
Define hypercarbia
excess co2
The use of alcohol as a rinse agent is contraindicated when prepping for:
feline oral surgery?
What is a pulse deficit?
fewer pulses felt in an artery (like the femoral artery in the rear leg) than are heard through a stethoscope.
Which part of the anesthesia machine regulates how much oxygen enters the anesthesia circuit?
flowmeter
When a patient has undergone cardiac arrest, you would expect the pupils to be
fully dilated
Agonal breaths occur when the patient
has suffered cardiac arrest
What two pieces of data are obtained with an ECG/EKG?
hr and hr rhythm
What is the disadvantage of bathing a patient prior to surgery?
hypothermia
Decreased plasma proteins on a pre-anesthetic blood work may be due to
inadequate albumin production in the liver
List THREE other indicators of anesthetic depth. NOT REFLEXES.
jaw tone eye position pupil size (plr)
A CENTRAL CATHETER IS PLACED IN WHAT VESSEL?
jugular
What is the function of a sphygmomanometer?
measures diastolic and systolic pressures
Which drugs will cause a slowing in CRT?
medetomidine
THE ____ NERVE BLOCK PROVIDES ANESTHESIA FOR THE TEETH, SKIN AND MUCOSA OF THE LOWER LIP AND CHIN DEPENDING ON WHICH SIDE IT IS ON?
mental nerve block
When recording the information about the anesthetic induction agent, dose should be recorded in what type of unit?
miligrams
Combining different classes of analgesics to maximize the pain relief is called
multimodal analgesia
WHICH PART OF THE ENDOTRACHEAL TUBE ALLOWS AIRFLOW IF THE END OF THE TUBE BECOMES OCCLUDED?
murphy's eye
Which part of the endotracheal tube allows airflow if the end of the tube become occluded?
murphy's eye
Which laryngoscope blade is commonly used for cats?
no. 0
During inadequate perfusion, waste products from cellular metabolism are not removed and nutrients such as __________ and ___________ are not delivered to the cells.
oxygen and glucose
Which is the correct flow of oxygen in the anesthesia machine?
oxygen source, pressure-reducing valve, flowmeter, vaporizer, unidirectional inspiratory valve, breathing tube, patient
List three ways to determine if the endotracheal tube is properly placed
palpate, auscultate, ecto2
List FIVE reflexes and their purpose
palpebral- protect eye aural- keep things out pedal- withdrawal reflex corneal- large anima laryngeal- swallow reflex
A PATIENT WILL BE PLACED IN VENTRAL RECUMBENCY FOR WHICH PROCEDURE?
perianal adenoma removal
A patient would be placed in ventral recumbency for which procedure?
perianal adenoma removal
Blue color to mucous membranes suggests
poor oxygenation in the body
List three alternative places the lingual probe of a pulse oximetry unit can be placed on the patient during a dental procedure
prepuce or vulva webbing of toe ear pinna
It is best to administer analgesics
prior to the painful procedure.
Which device measures the percentage of oxygen saturation of the patient's hemoglobin>
pulse oximetry
Sedatives are used as part of a premedication anesthesia protocol because they:
reduce fear and stress.
What is an automatic response to a stimulus made by a patient without conscious awareness?
reflex
What drug may contribute to the development of malignant hyperthermia?
sevoflurane
What is the device used to manually obtain indirect blood pressure in a patient?
sphygmomanometer
What part of the anesthesia machine measures the pressure in the system?
tank pressure gauge
WHAT ARE THE THREE SCRUBBING PATTERNS USED WHEN PREPARING SURGICAL SITES DEPENDING ON SURGICAL LOCATION?
target pattern orthopedic pattern peritoneal pattern
How can we continuously monitor a patient's body temperature?
temperature probe in esophagus
What are the three factors that affect vaporizer function?
temperature, gas flow rate, and back pressure
Negative pressure exists in the anesthesia system when:
the oxygen source is depleted
What is an esophageal stethoscope used for in an anesthetized patient?
to listen to hr, heart rhythm, rr, re
What is the appropriate area to clip for a spinal surgery?
two vertebral spaces cranial and two vertebral spaces caudal to the affected site
WHAT IS WAG? WHAT DOES IT CONSIST OF?
waste gas anesthetic, Co2 and Isoflurane
List four things that should be included on the anesthesia form in regards to the pre-anesthetic event
weight, procedure, pre-anesthetic values, asa status
Is 40 mmHg a normal capnometer reading?
yes
