Test 18
Shots Fired
- Account for all officers (should be done by supervisors and officers on scene at all times) - Determine location shots came from - Ability to accurately return fire to specific target - Self inflicted wound? - Is immediate entry in the plan? - Is suspect attempting to draw you in?
Conformist
- Active, dependent, non-critical thinking - Yes people - Do not critically evaluate - May result from organization - Possess valued dimensions
Criminal and Traffic Charges
- All charges must go into the same court system - Criminal and traffic can be mixed on same summons - If felony is involved, put all charges into your PC affidavit
Ordinance 2.3.807
- Allows officers the authority to inspect records required to be maintained during normal business hours - Allows the pawn shop to give consent to seizure of property, or the shop may request you to get a search warrant
Containment responsibilities
- Always re-evaluate your cover and move if necessary - Utilizing cars - Beware of lighting around location - Containment lights - Fence Access - Contingency Plan
Key things to ask Commercial vehicle drivers
- CDL license (if the truck is over 26,001 pounds) - Insurance - Registration - Shipping papers (Manifest, Delivery papers, or bill of lading)
Calls that have a 1 hour mandated response
- Calls received from the Colorado State Crisis Hotline - Calls received from the Aspen Point Crisis Line from clients and/or clients' families
The PSD will be used in
- Cover calls/ Code 5 Contacts - Building Searches (Crime Specific) - Field/Yard to Yard Searches (Area Searches) - Tracking - Article Searches - Narcotic Sniffs (Vehicle and Building) - High Risk Stops - Tactical Situations - High Risk Calls for Service
Containment Plans
- Crisis Entry Plan - Escape Plan (all sides) - Surrender/Arrest Plan (all sides
In Colorado, the following plea bargains are allowed by statute
- DA Allen make or not oppose favorable sentencing recommendations or stand silent - DA may dismiss other charges in exchange for plea to one
Examples of Administrative Proceedings
- DMV hearings - Liquor Licensing Proceedings - Medical Marijuana Licensing Proceedings - Quasi-Judicial Proceedings: Administrative agency or body makes factual findings and issues orders - Relaxed rules of evidence. Can impact criminal proceedings
Sex Trafficking Indicators/Red Flags: Language
- Daddy - Wifey - In/out call - The life/the game - Escorting - Dates/appointments/car date - Posting
Do's for Suicide and Homicidal Thoughts
- Deal directly with the topic of suicide - Encourage expression of feeling - Be genuine and caring - Listen - Give alternatives and resources - Indicate help is available
If the certified EBAT operator fails to meet the recertification requirements, the Department will:
- Decertify the EBAT operator - Deactivate the EBAT operator certification card used to access the instrument - Maintain the EBAT operator in an inactive status until the certification requirements found in Part 2.1 are met
Habeas Corpus
- Defendant claims to being held in violation of the US Constitution - Comes from US Congress
Requirements of a summons and complaint
- Defendant name - The offense charged - The citation of the statute alleged to have been violated - A brief description of the offense, including a date and approximate location thereof - Direction that the defendant appear before the court at a specified date, time, and place
How to accomplish 10 critical questions
- Delegate responsibilities - Keep witnesses at the command post - Communicated with inner perimeter officers
Strategies for Suspected Bipolar
- Depends on whether depressed or manic state - Use techniques for depression - Patience, redirection and grounding for manic state
Intimate Partner Violence
- Describes physical, sexual, or psychological harm by a current of former partner or spouse - This type of violence can occur among heterosexual or same sex couples and does not require sexual intimacy
What to do for pragmatist people?
- Determine root cause - Inspire - Support - Reward
Risk Factors for PTSD
- Directly experiencing the trauma - Living through dangerous events and traumas - Getting hurt - Seeing another person, or seeing a dead body - Feeling horror, helplessness, or extreme fear - Having little or no social support after the event - dealing with extra stress after the event - Having a history of mental illness or substance abuse
Attorney Types
- District Attorneys - Public Defenders - Defense Attorneys - Plaintiff/Respondent Attorneys
Why don't victims report?
- Distrust, fear, or lack of confidence in police - Belief that government/police are biased toward their group - Belief the incident isn't a crime or isn't serious enough to report - Limited proficiency in English - Fear of retaliation, embarrassment, or shame
General Considerations- Common Sense
- Do not tease or harass the PSD - Personnel may pet the PSD only with permission and the handler present - Do not hug or lean close to the head of the dog - Do not offer food or drinks to the PSD - Do not give commands to the PSD unless an emergency exists or prior approval by the assigned handler
CRS 42-2-206
- Driving after revocation prohibited - It is unlawful for any person to operate a motor vehicle when they are found to be a habitual offender - M1
CRS 42-2-138
- Driving under restraint - Any person who drives a motor vehicle or off-highway vehicle upon any highway of this state with knowledge that the person's license or privilege to drive, is under restraint for any reason is guilty of a misdemeanor - A court may sentence
CRS 42-4-1603
- Duty to give notice, information, and aid - The driver of any vehicle involved in an accident resulting in injury to, SBI to, or death of any person or damage to any vehicle which is driven or attended by any person shall give the driver's name, address, and registration number of the vehicle he/she is driving and shall upon request exhibit his or her driver's license to the person struck or the driver or occupant of or person attending any vehicle collided with and where practical shall render to any person injured in such accident reasonable assistance
CRS 42-4-1606
- Duty to report accidents - Required to notify police of accidents resulting in injury, SBI, or death
CRS 42-4-1605
- Duty upon striking highway fixtures or traffic control devices - The drier
CRS 42-4-1604
- Duty upon striking unattended vehicle or other property - The driver of any vehicle which collides with or is involved in an accident with any vehicle or other property which is unattended resulting in any damage to such vehicle or other property shall immediately stop and either locate and notify the operator or owner of such property
Problems in Investigating Burglary Cases
- False burglar alarms: delayed response, complacency - Determining point of entry - Response to the scene: officers respond to the scene without making observations while enroute, tunnel vision driving to scene
Delusional Disorder
- False, fixed belief involving a real-life situation that could be true but is not true
Risk Factors for Mental Illness
- Family History of Mental Illness - Chemical Imbalance - Chronic Stress - Traumatic Event - Childhood neglect or abuse - Presence of another mental illness - Presence of a chronic physical illness or medical condition - Childbirth or hormonal change - Season change/lack of light - Substance misuse, intoxication, withdrawal
2 Sets of Courts
- Federal - State
Strategies for Depression
- Find out what is important to them and talk about it - Reference facts to help balance overwhelming feelings - Avoid judgement: person cannot just get over it - Resources: Diversus, Peer Support Resources (NAMI, Springs Recovery Connection) - Offer Hope
How to fix passive people?
- Focus on engagement - Focus on thinking - Leave
Factors Affecting Widmark's BAC Curve
- Food in the stomach - Amount or number of drinks consumed - Body weight - Time
Coercion
- Force/threat of force - Use/threaten law for which it was not designed - Threaten to notify law enforcement of illegal immigration status - Destroys/takes property or ID documents - Control access to controlled substance - Debt bondage/indentured servitude - Demand commercial sex, labor, or services as payment toward or satisfaction of real or purported debt - Failing to apply reasonable value of labor/services toward liquidation of debt - Demand labor/services where length of labor is not limited, and nature of services not defined - Exploit physical/mental impairment
Verbal Disturbances: Neighborhood Justice Center
- Funded by the District Attorney's and City Attorney's Offices - Free, confidential mediation services provided to the public - Must be agreed upon by both parties - Focus on resolution and not criminal process of who's right and wrong - Can be civil or minor criminal issues
Strategies for Suspected Psychosis
- Gain attention, may require snapping/clapping once - Ask about suspected delusions/hallucinations - Acknowledge false beliefs or hallucinations without agreeing with them - Do not confront or play into delusions/hallucinations - Paranoid delusions - Individuals may tell bizarre stories - You may be incorporated into delusions
Pre-Assigned Standard Deployment Equipment
- Gas - Ram - Less Lethal - Taser - Shield/Blanket - Containment Lights - Specific Weapons
Long Term effects of trauma
- Generalized hyperarousal and difficulty in modulating emotions - Alteration in neurobiological processes involved in stimulus discrimination - Conditioned fear responses to trauma related stimuli - Shattered meaning - Social avoidance
Scizophrenia
- Generally have both delusions and hallucinations (seeing, hearing, smelling, or feeling things that dont exist) - Delusions vary from mundane to persecutory - Disorganized or incoherent speech - Strange or odd behavior - Poor personal hygiene - Cold, detached manner with the inability or express emotion or inappropriate expression of emotion
Exposure Potential
- Industrial accident - Administering first aid - Post accident cleanup - Handling of returned product - Janitorial or maintenance work - Handling of any waste products
Cover Officer Responsibilities
- Inform handler to last known location, handle has responsibility to re-check cleared areas - Don't watch the dog - Walk beside/slightly behind handler - Beware of backlighting at night - Radio communications - Listen to the handler - Ask questions if you don't understand - Game plan if the handler goes down - Handcuff while K9 is still on contact - While in contact with the suspect, be mindful of outstanding/known suspects - Photos after contact (as directed by K9) - Be general in your reports about K9 actions the handler will document specifics - Do document the presence of Canine Warnings Issued - Call K9 before the guy runs - K9 handler will give commands to suspect
Initiation of Felony Charges
- Information - Indictment - Felony complaint
Alcohol Entry Routes
- Inhalation - Injection - Absorption - Insertion - Ingestion
Bulletin 505-19
- When a driver is determined to be the proximate cause of traffic crash resulting in an injury - Written in El Paso County Court - Includes complaints of pain or injury even if no treatment is sought - Careless driving WILL be one of the charges - Charge the other appropriate charge - Allows DA flexibility and additional victim services
Bipolar Disorder
- Mood disorder - Characterized by mood swings - Depressed state - Hypomanic/manic state - Mood: elevated, irritable - Cognitive: racing thoughts, paranoia, grandiose, poor decision making - Behavioral: risk taking, impulsive, disorganized - Physical: wired, restless
Major Depression Symptoms
- Mood disorder - Generally sad, down, irritable - Difficulty concentrating, indecisive - Lack motivation - Withdrawal from others, lack of desire to engage - Poor hygiene - Fatigue, somatic complaints
Under-reporting
- More than half who say they've been a victim didn't report the incident - Only 2% of those incidents are reported law enforcement to the FBI or Department of Education
Required Acts of Pawnbrokers
- Must keep record with the following information; - Name, address, DOB, DL #, date and time of transaction, detailed description - Obtain written declaration of ownership - Customer must sign the declaration - Must keep original pawn ticket for 3 years
Passive
- No exemplary traits - Lack initiative - Require constant direction - Appear lazy, incompetence - Passive, dependent, non-critical thinking
The Forensic Nurse Examiner Team serves over ___ patients a year
2200
Municipal Court is located
224 E. Kiowa, Colorado Springs, CO 80903
___ of Colorado men experience intimate partner physical violence, intimate partner sexual violence and/or intimate partner stalking throughout their lives
28.6%
US Sex Trafficking Stats: ___ largest criminal enterprise behind the drug trade
2nd
PTSD is not diagnosed until ___ days after an event
30
Regular license plates expire
30 days after the month on the license plate
When you drink it takes ___ minutes to get to your peek, or to show effects.
30-40
___ of Colorado women experience intimate partner physical violence, intimate partner sexual violence and/or intimate partner stalking throughout their lives
32.7%
The small intestine absorbs what percentage of alcohol?
80%
___ of those prostituted have been sexually abused as children
84%
In one study ___ of human trafficking victims reported they sought medical care while they were trafficked
88%
When must you have registration on a vehicle after moving and becoming a resident?
90 days after becoming a resident of CO
___% of people who survive a serious attempt to take their own lives do not go on to take their lives in a later attempt
90%
___ prostitutes are/have been trafficked
90-95%
Traumatic Brain Injury
A concussion or closed-head injury resulting from a blow to the head, explosion, collision, or similar event that can cause a wide range of disruptive physical, cognitive, and behavioral symptoms
Landlord-Tenant Disputes: Eviction & Roommates
A person might become a tenant by operation of law even though the landlord does not have any lease agreement with that specific person. Such persons may not be evicted or arrested for trespass- the normal FED process must be followed
Threat Assessment
Ability + Opportunity + Intent = Jeopardy and justifies use of force
CRS 42-4-108
Drive with due regard
Temporary Plates
- Printed on it: temporary registration number, vehicle ID number, and other information required by the department - Being fastened, visible, and readable, except that a temporary plate is affixed only to the rear of the vehicle
T/F All persons charged with a class one, two, or three felony dont have to be arrested, officers have discretion
False
T/F Anyone can use your I-9000 access card
False
T/F CRT officers can be used as cover officers
False
T/F Hate crime laws give special treatment to certain classes of victims
False
T/F Hate crimes laws criminalize free speech or thought
False
T/F Smuggling cannot lead to trafficking
False
T/F Strangulation is not a blood flow issue
False
T/F Subject with extremely high BRAC results, exceeding 0.350 should not be monitored and may not need medical attention
False
T/F Suicide is illegal
False
T/F The Operator EBAT ID # may not be entered into the 1-9000 to gain access
False
T/F the essence of arrest law is RS
False, PC
Where does sex trafficking/prostitution happen?
Can happen anywhere
Child Prostitution Age
Child < 18 years old
State or City Charges?
If there is an appropriate city charge, cite into city- Home Rule/Policy. Municipal court whenever practical
18-4-203 2nd Degree Burglary
Knowingly, enter unlawfully/remains in building or occupied structure with intent to commit crime
18-4-202 1st Degree Burglary
Knowingly, enters unlawfully/remains in building or occupied structure with intent to commit crime and assaults or menaces a person with a deadly weapon, or possesses and threatens with a deadly weapon
L-E-A-P-S
Listen Empathize Ask Paraphrase Summarize
K9 primary purpose per supreme court
Locating tool
Gross Weight Rating
Maximum weight the commercial vehicle can carry
Bloodborne Pathogen
Microorganisms that are carried in the blood that can cause disease in humans
Can the organizational leadership gap ever be completely closed
No, because we are all human beings and nothing is perfect
Classifications for traffic offenses
Offenses - Misdemeanors (M1-M3) - Misdemeanor Traffic (MT1-MT2) - Possible jail time and/or fine - Criminal Infractions - Shown as TI, TIA, TIB - possible jail or fine - Class A has points - Class B has no points
Where can I find the GVWR?
On the side of the door
CRS 18-9-121 Bias Motivated Crimes
With intent to intimidate or harass another person because of that person's actual or perceived race, color, religion, ancestry, national origin, physical or mental disability, or sexual orientation
District Court handles all ___ cases
felony
Strangulation
form of asphyxia characterized by closure of the blood vessels and air passages of the neck as a result of external pressure on the neck - Can be seen in all patient populations but most commonly seen in IPV and SA
BrAC =
grams alcohol/ 210 liters breath
Arraignment: Felonies
Persons accused of felonies are advised of rights at first appearance and continued for next appearance for consideration of bond, (including P.R. bond investigation) and appointment of counsel.
T/F An arrest warrant is issued upon an affidavit by an officer relating facts sufficient to establish PC
True
T/F Arrest is optional for class four, five, or six felonies, which can be charged by felony summons
True
T/F As first responders, your duty and obligation to provide protection to the citizens is no different than that of a SWAT team
True
T/F As speed goes up, survival goes down
True
T/F CSPD has a total of 7 CMV Level 1 Inspectors
True
T/F Cards are only functional if the operator is in an active, certified status
True
T/F Expired is expired on a temporary tag. No leeway given
True
T/F If you enter a scene for EMERGENCY AID and see evidence of a crime in plain view during your entry to render aid, you may recover the evidence without a warrant
True
T/F Illegal entry is easy to use to coerce/control/exploit
True
T/F In the 4th Judicial District, the majority of cases are brought by the filing of information by the DA
True
T/F Judges are appointed, not elected
True
T/F Men are more likely to experience accidents, physical assault, combat, or witness death or injury
True
T/F Men have more water weight than women
True
T/F Municipal Courts are created and maintained by local governments but subject to Supreme Court rules and procedures
True
T/F Non-fatal strangulation is associated with a seven-fold risk of a completed homicide
True
T/F PTSD and TBI symptoms can overlap
True
T/F Prostitutes fall into domestic violence-like cycles and dependency
True
T/F Prostitutes tend to have drug dependencies or mental illness
True
T/F Prostitution is not a victimless crime
True
T/F Referred to ethyl alcohol, gran alcohol, spirits or simply, drinking alcohol. The alcohol we drink is "grain" alcohol or ethanol
True
T/F Researchers performed extensive tests for decades, comparing blood and breath alcohol tests and have found that there is a consistent bias of approximately 10% in favor of the subject due to the use of the 1:2100 partition ratio
True
T/F Risk of PTSD increases with severity of TBI
True
T/F The CDPHE issued access card may be used to provide evidence of certification by the EBAT Operator or Instructor
True
T/F The DA represents the state of Colorado in all state court prosecutions through appointed Deputy District Attorneys
True
T/F The I-9000 can distinguish between acetone and ethyl alcohol, eliminating the possibility of acetone affecting the alcohol results
True
T/F The US Constitution requires all federal cases of an infamous nature (i.e. felony) to be taken to the grand jury
True
T/F The abort button disappears after both breath samples are collected
True
T/F The average temperature of breath as it leaves the mouth is 34 degrees Celcius
True
T/F The branches of government derive their power from the Constitution of the US and the Colorado Constitution
True
T/F The difference between misdemeanor and felony relates to the length of sentence and place of incarceration
True
T/F The final decision and responsibility for the legal application of the PSD rests with the handler not the on-scene incident commander/supervisor
True
T/F The operator enters the start time of the 20 minute deprivation period, making certain to enter the time in a 24-hour format
True
T/F The partition ratio was established by NHTSA in the 1950s and reaffirmed as recently as the 1990s and remains the standard ratio that is used for breath alcohol testing instruments in the US
True
T/F The presence of physical injury does not indicate severity of injury. Absence of injury does not negate that strangulation occurred
True
T/F Use of a PSD may only be applied when a subject is displaying active resistance or active aggression
True
T/F We cannot force them to give us their place of birth
True
T/F We do not require social security numbers Bulletin 509-18(O)
True
T/F While there is a requirement for PC to make an arrest, there is not a constitutional requirement for an arrest warrant
True
T/F Women are more likely to experience sexual assault and child sexual abuse
True
T/F A suspect exam is different from a medical forensic exam
True, evidence collection. Medical forensic exam is much more comprehensive
Arraignment: Misdemeanors
Under Rules 10 and 11 of the Colorado Rules of Criminal Procedure, a person charged by summons and complaint with misdemeanor or traffic charge comes to court on appointed day, and is advised of rights, told of possible consequences and enters a plea. If plea is not guilty, a trial date or pretrial date is set.
First state to pick up the 0.08 law after 1971?
Utah
W-I-N
Whats Important Now
18-4-204 Third Degree Burglary
With intent to commit a crime, he enters or breaks into any vault, safe, cash register, coin machine, product dispenser, coin box, etc.
T/F All exception message printouts must be signed and included in the DUI packet
True
CRS 42-2-121
- Violation of Registration Provisions - Ex: falsifying registration
The name of any criminal case is
"The People of the State of Colorado v. Defendant"
Small Claims Court (County Court)
- $7500 cap - Attorneys permitted - Appeals are to district court, not to county court
US Supreme Court
- 1 Chief Justice - 8 Associate Justices currently appointed by the President of the US for a lifetime term - 9 Total Members - Primarily has appellate jurisdiction - Original jurisdiction in state v state cases - Makes rules for the lower federal courts - Has the right to refuse to hear cases
CRS regarding prostitution
- 18-7-205 Patronizing a prostitute (M1) - 18-7-202 Soliciting for prostitution (M3)
CSR regarding Child Prostitution
- 18-7-406 Patronizing a prostituted child (F3) - 18-7-402 Soliciting for child prostitution (F3) - 18-7-407: no defense that did not know age, or that reasonably believed child was 18+
NAT Alert
- 6 yrs old and under - Non-Accidental Trauma - Team responds to figure out what is going on
Water Court
- 7 Water Courts - One for each major river basin - Judges hear cases relating only to water rights - No right to a jury trial - Appeals go directly to the CO Supreme Court
According to MHFA for Adults regarding substance use disorder prevalence
- 8.1% of population over 12 have a substance use disorder - 75% of people who develop substance use disorders do so by age 27 - Alcohol use disorders are almost three times as common as drug use disorders - People with mood or anxiety disorders are 2-3x more likely to have a substance use disorder - Can co-occur with any mental illness, people may be self-medicating
5 CCR 1005-2 Applies to:
- A DUI, DWAI, driving with excessive alcohol content - Vehicular assault and homicide involving alcohol, drugs, or both - Post mortem testing of pilots, motorboat, sailboat, vehicle operators or pedestrians that die within 4 hours of crash - Consumption of alcohol by underage persons that may or may not be related to driving a motor vehicle
CRS 27-65-105 When and Who Can place someone on an M1
- A certified Police Officer - Registered Nurse - Various licensed counselors - A licensed clinical social worker - A professional person - Allowed to take into custody a person for treatment and evaluation up to 72 hours
CRS 27-65-102 Gravely Disabled Definition
- A condition in which a person, as a result of a mental health disorder, is incapable of making informed decisions about or providing for his or her essential needs without significant supervision and assistance from other people. - As a result of being incapable of making these informed decisions, a person who is gravely disabled is at risk of substantial bodily harm, dangerous worsening of any concomitant serious physical illness, significant psychiatric deterioration, or mismanagement of his or her essential needs that could result in substantia bodily harm. - A person of any age may be gravely disabled, but such term does not include a person whose decision-making capabilities are limited solely by his or her developmental disability
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
- A disorder that can occur following a traumatic stressor characterized by intrusive re-experiencing of the traumatic event, hyperarousal, avoidance of reminders of the traumatic event, and other symptoms than can significantly impair psychosocial funcitoning
Civil
- A dispute between 2 individuals in which the state has no vested interest or criminal sanctions - Provide for orderly dispute resolution - Preponderance of the evidence - Plaintiff has burden of proof - Monetary damages/awards
CRT
- A grant funded collaborative partnership with Diversus Health, CCSFD, and CSPD. - These teams respond to any person within the city limits of Colorado Springs, to assist and aide a person in crisis
Landlord-Tenant Disputes: Handling Lockouts
- A landlord might lock a tenant out because they did not pay rent. Colorado law prohibits a landlord from locking a tenant out without a court order - Confirm tenant lives at the residence - Find out if there is a court order - Contact the landlord - If landlord will not unlock residence, tenant may enter if they can do so with minimal disturbance - Instruct tenant to contact an attorney
What to know about strangulation
- A person can be strangled with or without having visible injury - The presence or absence of petechiae does not prove or disprove strangulation - The lack of injury does not directly correlate with the severity of the strangulation - There can be severe physical and mental health concerns that can arise due to strangulation despite lack of injury
Habitual Offender
- A person having 3 or more conviction of any of the following separate and distinct offenses arising out of separate acts committed within a period of 7 years for: - DUI, DUI per se, or DWAI - Driving a motor vehicle in a reckless manner in violation of section 42-4-1401 - Driving a motor vehicle upon a highway while such person's license or privilege to drive a motor vehicle has been denied, suspended, etc.
Motor vehicle theft in the 2nd degree
- A person knowingly obtains or exercises control over the motor vehicle of another without authorization or by threat or deception if none of the aggravating factors in subsection (2) of this section are present - F5: value of vehicle $20k or more - F6: value of vehicle $1k or more - M1 if value is less than $1k
HT for Sexual Servitude
- A person who knowingly - Sells, recruits, harbors, transports, isolates, entices, provides, receives, or obtains by any means - Another person - For the purpose of coercing the person to engage in commercial sexual activity commits Human Trafficking for Sexual Servitude - Of adult: F3 - Of Juvenile: F2, no coercion required
Exposure Incident
- A specific incident of contact with potentially infectious bodily fluid - If there are no infiltrations of mucous membranes or open skin surfaces, it is not considered an occupational exposure - Report all accidents involving blood or bodily fluids - Post exposure medical evaluations are offered
NHTSA Traffic Fatalities 2020
- A statistical projection of traffic fatalities for the first 9 months of 2020 shoes that an estimate 28190 people died in motor vehicle traffic crashes - This represents an increase of about 4.6% as compared to 26,941 fatalities reported to have occurred in the first 9 months of 2019
Suicide can be:
- A way to deal with a problem - A response to unbearable circumstances - A way to take control - The ultimate revenge
Sex Trafficking Indicators/Red Flags: Weak ties to home
- Absence from school - Repeat runaway - Father not in her life
How does the body deal with alcohol
- Absorption - Distribution - Elimination - Metabolism - Excretion
Three parts of blood alcohol curve
- Absorptive Phase - Peak Phase - Elimination Phase
CRS 42-4-1602
- Accident involving damage, duty - The driver of any vehicle directly involved in an accident resulting only in damage to a vehicle which is driven or attended by any person shall immediately stop such vehicle at the scene of such accident or as close thereto as possible but shall immediately return to and in every event shall remain at the scene of such accident
CRS 42-4-1601
- Accidents involving death or personal injuries, duties - The driver of any vehicle directly involved in an accident resulting in injury to, SBI to, or death of any person shall immediately stop such vehicle at the scene of such accident or as close to the scene as possible or shall immediately return to the scene
A warrantless entry into a residence or business for EMERGENCY AID must
- An immediate crisis - A credible claim of an emergency threatening the life or safety of another (you do not need to believe this is an SBI or risk of death incident) - Probability that our assistance will be helpful - Reasonable Suspicion - Public Safety function - Address the need to render aid first
Criminal
- An offense is between an individual or individuals and the State, even if the immediate victim is a person - Preserve domestic order and serve as a deterrent - Beyond a reasonable doubt - Presumption of innocence - Fine, probation, jail, prison, death
Sexual Assault
- Any involuntary sexual act in which a person is coerced or physically forced to engage against their will, or any non-consensual sexual touching of a person. - A form of sexual violence and insludes rape, groping, forced kissing, child sexual abuse, or the torture of the person in a sexual manner
Child Abuse/Neglect
- Any recent act or failure to act on the part of a parent or caretaker, which results in death, serious physical or emotional harm, sexual abuse, or exploitation - An act or failure to act which presents an imminent risk of serious harm
Sex Trafficking Indicators/Red Flags: Appearance
- Appearance/possessions not fit current situation (Ex: homeless runaway with money, electronics, new clothes/shoes, hair/nails done - Tattoos (What does the person tell you about the tattoo?) - Unexplained/inconsistent injuries - Dresses in provocative manner inconsistent with true age
Colorado Court of Appeals
- Appellate Court - 22 Judges - Including 1 Chief Judge - Appointed by Governor for 8 year terms - Sit in divisions or panels of 3 judges
Magistrates
- Appointed by the Chief Judges of the district for an indefinite term - Handle cases such as traffic, small claims, juvenile, domestic, trusts and estates - Cannot preside over jury trials
Lethality Assessment
- Are you having thoughts of suicide? - Are you thinking about killing yourself? - Are you having thoughts of hurting someone? - Who would you want to hurt? - Do you want to hurt them, or kill them?
Municipal Court Process
- Arraignment - Motions - Discovery - Plea Agreements/Negotiations - Pleas - Trials
Burdens of Proof
- Articulable Suspicion (stop and frisk) - Probable Cause (arrest, charging) - Preponderance of Evidence (civil, criminal motions) - Clear and Convincing (Some motions) - Beyond a Reasonable Doubt (criminal conviction)
Victim Interviews (Bias Motivated Crimes)
- Assign one officer for initial victim statement - Ensure victim safety and discuss any concerns - Communicate how seriously you take this - Avoid Assumptions - Ask victim if he/she has any idea what motivated the crime - Record victim recollections exactly - Interview witnesses and record their recollections - Photograph words, symbols, numbers left at scene - Explain your actions and questions to the victims - Refer victim to support services and community resources
Pre-Trial Motions
- Attack on indictment or information - Discovery - Theory of defense-alibi - Suppression of evidence (interlocutory appeals) - Motion in limine
Victim Indicators
- Attendance at a parade, festival, community, or holiday celebration - Visible leadership on issues related to support of the targeted group - Member of the targeted group or member or advocacy group - Viciousness of the attack, particularly if symbolic injuries are present
GO 312.40 Response to Civil Disputes
- Avoid involvement in disputes of a civil nature in which they or the City are not a party - Avoid rendering opinions concerning the rights of parties in civil disputes - Officers may explain their understanding of civil law either to obtain temporary resolution of a dispute or to avoid an arrest situation
How to fix conformist people?
- Awareness of need - Evaluate other's opinions - Gain confidence
Bail Bondsmen
- Bail Bondsmen may call so a party can be arrested - View verified copy of the warrant and confirm through normal procedures - If confirmed, have bondsmen remain away from the contact site - If the suspect is contacted, arrest and transport to jail. Only officers are to transport suspect to jail - Officers need a search warrant to enter into a third party residence
Making Decision to Enter
- Barricade - Entry is the absolute last resort on an armed barricaded subject. Should not be done - Known weapons? - Is location of suspect known? - Have all other options been exhausted or do they need to be? (hostage vs barricade) - Accessibility to entry location - Do you have reason to believe suspect has expired?
Requirements to become an instructor
- Be currently employed by LE or CDPHE - Be a currently certified EBAT operator in active status - Attend and successfully complete the Department's 16 hours instructor course - Successfully complete the Department's instructor comprehensive practical - Successfully pass the Department's EBAT instructor exam with a score of 80% or greater
The prospective operator MUST:
- Be currently employed by a law enforcement agency or CDPHE - Attend and successfully complete the Department's eight hour EBAT operator certification course - Successfully complete the Department's operator comprehensive practical - Successfully pass the Department's EBAT operator exam with a score of 80% or greater
Dangerousness Points to Remember
- Best single predictor of future behavior is past behavior - Persons with mental illness are no more danger than anyone else when the condition is treated - Acutely mentally ill women are equally as likely to become violent as mentally ill men - Substance Abuse increases risk of violence to self and others - Although more women than men attempt suicide, men are 4x more likely to die by suicide
In order to maintain current certification as an Intoxilyzer instructor
- Biennially participate in teach - Annually complete the refresher course
Things to consider with Child Abuse and Elder Abuse:
- Bruises should be questioned in: - Infants or elderly who are not mobile - Any bruise on child less than 6 months old - Bruises to face (not forehead, back, abdomen, buttocks, arms, ears, and hands - Patterned bruises - Injuries without a clear history - Burns, breaks, bruises, and ingestions
General Strategies
- Calm, even tone - Honest communication, no lies or tricks - Maintain distance - Give clear explanations of who you are and why you are there - Allow individual to speak without interrupting - Minimize stimulation, move locations if possible - Use first names - Refrain from saying "I know how you feel" or otherwise talk about how you felt during a similar situation. Comparing v Relating
Verbal Disturbances: Emergency Protection Order (EPO)
- Can only be issued outside of court hours - Require reasonable grounds to believe there is immediate and present danger - May include things like : retraining contact, excluding a party from a home, award temporary care of children, restraining injuring animal owned by another party (CRS 13-14-103: Emergency Protection Orders) - To obtain, must notify a judge or magistrate by phone - EPOs shall expire the next court business day - Can be issued to anyone as long as it meets requirements
Determining Gravely Disabled
- Cannot verbalize resources - Cannot verbalize how to obtain resources - Cannot verbalize how to safely care for self - Presents as not showering/bathing - Not changing clothes - Not eating - Not sleeping - Living quarters in disarray, rotten food in quarters - Responding to internal stimuli (if causes danger to self/others) - Not due to intellectual disability alone (or alzheimers/dementia)
42-4-1402
- Careless Driving - A person who drives a motor vehicle, bicycle, electrical assisted bicycle, electric scooter, or low power scooter in a careless and imprudent manner, without due regard, for the width, grade, curves, corners, traffic, and use of the streets and highways and all other attendant circumstances, is guilty of careless driving
CO Supreme Court
- Chief Justice - 6 Associate Justices - 7 Total Members - Appointed by governor for 10 year terms - Appellate Court - Has the right to refuse to hear cases
Federal trial courts can hear what type of cases
- Civil Cases - Criminal Cases
The ADL is split into 4 categories
- Civil rights - Hate crimes - Extremism - Education
Trafficking
- Coerce commercial sex or labor - Crime against a person - Exploitation based - Involuntary/Coercion
State Court System
- Colorado Supreme Court - Colorado Court of Appeals - District Court - County Court - Municipal Court - Water Court
Landlord-Tenant Disputes: Liens
- Colorado law permits landlords to seize certain items of a tenant's property. Applies to rental of furnished or unfurnished rooms, apartments, or trailer space. Must abide by statutory requirements - May not take small kitchen appliances, cooking utensils, bed, bedding, wearing apparel, personal or business records, or other very personal effects of the tenant. - May only take items at a reasonable time and in a peaceable manner - May not take more property than the amount owed by the tenant - Must not substantially interfere with the tenant's rights to reasonably occupy and enjoy the premises while the landlord exercises the lien
Sex Trafficking
- Commercial sex - Sex act for money - Sex act for anything of value - By coercion - Juveniles; even without coercion
Colorado Supreme Court Administrative Responsibilities
- Commission on Judicial Discipline - State Board of Law Examiners - Board of Continuing Legal Education - Grievance Committee - Judicial Nominating Commissions - Public Defender Commissions
Governed by Rule 204 of the Colorado Municipal Court Rules of Procedure: Officer may issue a summons and complaint if an offense was:
- Committed in his presence, or - he/she has PC to believe the offense was committed
Officer may issue a summons and complaint if an offense was
- Committed in his/her presence - Office has probable cause to believe the offense was committed by the Defendant
Straddle Injuries
- Commonly cause injury to the urethra More common in males - Accidents include walking a fence or beam, riding a horse or motorcycle
CRS 18-4-502: 1st Degree Criminal Trespass
- Commonly referred to as BMV - A person knowingly and unlawfully enters or remains in a dwelling of another or if such person enters a motor vehicle with intent to commit a crime therein. - F5
Improving commitment to reporting
- Communicate the value of the task - Engage your team in using the data - What we measure, we prioritize
How do we accomplish crisis plans?
- Communication between inner perimeter officers - Utilizing K9 on the inner perimeter - Deploying long rifles
Signs of alcohol consumption
- Confusion - Sleepiness - disorderly/sloppy appearance - Slurred, thick tongued speech - Nausea - Red, flushed face - Glassy, watery eyes, staring
Transmission potential
- Contact with another persons blood or bodily fluid that may contain blood - Mucous membranes: eyes, mouth, nose - Non-intact skin - Contaminated sharps/needles
First Responder Priorities
- Containment (contain the threat to the smallest area possible and have crisis plans in place)
Problems encountered with initial response?
- Containment positioned too close - Failure to utilize ARs and Shotguns - Failure to utilize K9 or other less lethal options - Didn't make crisis plans - Leaving out and inner perimeter on same channel - Re-establishing communication without exigency (When TEU has already been called out) - Staging too close or not big enough - Initiating action before you are prepared for it - Taking too long to put plans in place - Rushing things when they dont need to be rushed
Labor Trafficking Considerations: Criminal
- Control movement to/from work - Victim lives where works - Depriving of food - Communication with family/friends/outside world restricted - Disoriented as to location - Constant monitoring - New debts imposed - Threats/violence
Special Federal Courts
- Court of International Trade - Tax Court - Court of Military Appeals - Bankruptcy Court - Claims Court - Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit
Trial
- Court or jury is finder of fact (jury may be waived) - Verdict is guilty or not guilty (not guilty is different than innocent) - People go first at all stages
*** The 4 E's
- Education: Officers conduct community presentations discussing traffic safety and roadside education - Engineering: Officer contact the traffic engineer's office with engineering recommendations - Enforcement: Officers enforce the CO Springs traffic code as well as CO state statutes - Encouragement: Officers will encourage drivers to follow traffic laws
The primary mission of CRT is to evaluate and assess a person suffering from mental illness with the following three goals in mind:
- Ensure the person receives the most appropriate care - The care is given in a timely manner - The resources where the person is referred/transported to, is the most qualified place to address the person's individual mental health issues
A trustworthy witness
- Enter and be sworn - Conversational style - Relaxed, professional, fair demeanor - Eye contact with the jury - Listen carefully to the question - Do not become defensive
Litigants in Criminal Case
- Entity filing the complaint: The People - Person whom complaint if filed against: Defendant
Tactical Considerations
- Establish containment around the suspects last known location. Use as many containment officers as necessary to effectively prevent escape - PSD uses the freshest human odor on the scene. DO NOT ENTER THE SEARCH AREA - When you lose sight of the suspect during a foot pursuit, establish containment around the last known location - Containment officers should use emergency lights and intermittently sound their siren to announce their presence - Handler will contact primary officer to obtain information surrounding incident - K9 handler have authority to direct the actions of on-scene personnel - Arrest made or evidence collected by the K9 team will be considered as having been accomplished by the requesting officer
Mild TBI
- Estimated 42 million people worldwide yearly - Risk factor for variety of neurodegenerative diseases - 24% of Colorado adults have a lifetime history of TBI
Isolate the Area
- Evacuations - Control pedestrian/vehicular traffic - Move outer perimeter to separate radio channel when possible
What to expect when a patient presents due to child abuse/elder abuse?
- Evaluation by a provider - Possible imaging/lab work/urine drug screen - Possible transfer to another hospital - FNE - History of event - Psych-social to assess for red flags/ elder caregiver strain - Head to toe assessment - Photodocumentation (consent does not need to be given for a child) - Facilitate DHS and APS reporting
What to expect when the patient comes to the hospital due to intimate partner violence
- Evaluation by provider - Possible imaging/lab work - Possible medications - FNE evaluation - History of event - Danger assessment - Head to toe assessment - Photodocumentation - Safety planning/TESSA
Jury
- Everyone accused of a crime has the right to a trial by jury of their peers or equals - There is no right to a jury trial in domestic cases and in most probate cases - In order to be called for jury duty, you must be a US citizen and over the age of 18 - Colorado has adopted a one day- one trial jury system - Potential jurors may be excused for cause or by a peremptory challenge - Listen to all the evidence; consider the law and render a decision
Most common types officers respond to are:
- Eviction issues - Tenant lockouts - Seizure of property
Sex Trafficking Indicators/Red Flags: Travel
- Evidence of travel to other cities/states - Living out of suitcase - Lacks knowledge of current location, destination, travel plans - Hotel keys, bags, receipts, stationary - Juveniles at hotels, truck stops, strip clubs - Multiple females living with one male
Social Anxiety
- Excessive distress in social situations - Fear of others judging them, embarrassment or humiliation
Separation Anxiety
- Excessive distress when separated from caregiver
Winter v People
- Expectation of privacy with lockers - Common area or private area? - If usually unlocked, no expectation valuables are safe = theft not burg
Strategies for Suspected Anxiety and OCD
- Explain why you are asking person to engage - Reassurance they are safe with you - Reference facts to help balance overwhelming fear/worry - Avoid judgement (hoarding or strange habits) - Grounding techniques (5 senses)
Traumatic Stress
- Exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence - Directly experiencing the traumatic event - Witnessing, in person, the traumatic event - Learning that the traumatic event occurred to a close family member or close friend - Experiencing repeated or extreme exposure to aversive details of the traumatic event
CRS 18-7-206 Pimping
- F3 - Knowingly lives on/supported/maintained - In whole or in part - By money or thing of value - Earned/received/procured - By another person through prostitution
18-3-504 Human Trafficking for Sexual Servitude charges
- F3 - Of a minor, <18 years old, no need to show coercion: F2
18-3-503 Human Trafficking for Involuntary Servitude charges
- F3 - Of a minor, <18 years old: F2 - Knowingly - Sells, recruits, harbors, transports, transfers, isolates, entices, provides, receives, or obtains by any means - Another person - For the purpose of coercing the other person - To perform labor or services
18-6-403 Sexual Exploitation of Children
- F5-F3 - Causes, induces, entices, permits a child to engage in explicit sex conduct for making sex exploitive material - Ex: Child porn, asking for nudes
Reporting Frameworks
- FBI's UCR - US Department of Education Campus Security Statistics - International Association of College Law Enforcement Administrators
What to expect when the patient comes to the hospital after disclosing a strangulation?
- FNE evaluation - History of event - Strangulation assessment - Detailed cranial nerve assessment - Head to toe assessment - Photodocumentation - Evidence collection (neck and buccal swabs) - Evaluation by a provider - Possible imaging
Reasons to stop a commercial truck?
- Failure to maintain load - Speeding - Overweight - Etc
ADL Pyramid of Hate (Top to Bottom)
- Genocide (the act or intent to deliberately and systemically annihilate an entire people_ - Bias-Motivated Violence (threats, desecration, vandalism, arson, assault, rape, murder, terrorism) - Systemic Discrimination (Criminal justice disparities, inequitable school resources, wage disparities) - Acts of Bias (non-inclusive language, insensitive remarks, microaggressions, bullying, dehumanization) - Biased Attitudes (stereotyping, fear of differencing, seeking information to confirm ones existing biases)
When responding to acute suicidal crisis
- Get their attention - Clear, calm directions/expectations - Tell them what you want them to do - Reduce stimulus - Limit touch - Grounding
CSPD Strategic Plan 2020-2022
- Goal 1: Improve Traffic Safety
Possible Pleas at Arraignment
- Guilty - Not guilty - Nolo contendre - Not guilty by reason of insanity or impaired mental condition
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
- HIV leads to Aids - HIV depletes the immune system - HIV does not survive well outside the body - No threat on contracting HIV through casual contact
US Court of Appeals
- Handle appeals from federal trial courts - Have the power to review and enforce orders of many federal administrative offices such as the Federal Trade Commission and the National Labor Relations Board - Also called Circuit Courts
Court Clerk
- Handles the docket for the court - Sets the date for trials and hearings - Maintains the files - Responsible for storing the evidence presented during a trial
Panic Disorder: Panic Attacks
- Happen unexpectedly and without triggers - Create anxiety about experiencing them in the future - Pounding heart or increased heart rate - Sweating with hot or cold flashes - Chest discomfort - Shortness of breath - Dizziness - Fear of losing control or dying
Things Organizations have/need:
- Has purpose - Expect performance - Need future leaders and exemplary followers
CRS 29-11.9-104: Prohibited Acts False Information to Pawn Broker: To successfully prosecute, we must:
- Have the original pawn ticket - The customer must have completed and signed the written declaration of ownership - The clerk that conducted the transaction must be identified
CRS 16-3-102 Provides that a peace officer may arrest a person in 3 instances
- He has a warrant commanding his arrest - The crime was committed in his presence; or - He has PC to believe the offense was committed
What to expect when a patient presents after disclosing a sexual assault? What comes with the Medical Forensic Exam?
- History obtained for treatment and diagnosis) - Specialty assessments (DA, SANE, STR, HT, DFSA) - Head to toe assessment - Detailed ano-genital assessment - Evidence collection - Safety planning and discharge teaching
Why Suicide?
- Hopelessness - Helplessness
Should TEU be notified?
- How volatile is the situation? - What attempts have been made to confirm the situation? - Will their tools and training be beneficial to a positive outcome?
CRS 42-2-302
- Identification Cards - A person who is a resident of CO may be issued an ID card by the department, attested by the applicant and department as to true name, DOB, current address, and other identifying data the department may require
CRS 42-14-105
- Idling - He owner or operator of a covered vehicle shall not cause or permit the vehicle to idle for more than 5 minutes within a 60 minute period
Landlord-Tenant Disputes: Handling Lien Calls
- If a landlord requests that you accompany them, avoid going - Advise both parties your presence if only to prevent a breach of peace - If a tenant objects to the seizure of the property, tell the landlord to get an order from the court - Avoid involvement except to keep the peace unless one of the parties has an order specifically directing officers to do something
Landlord-Tenant Disputes: Writ of Restitution
- If issued, it must be brought to the Sheriff for final action - If defendant has still failed to vacate by the time set by the court, then eviction becomes necessary - If defendant fails to cooperate, eviction may become forcible, and Defendant becomes responsible for moving expenses to return the property to the landlord
Verbal Disturbances: Protection/Restraining Orders
- If there is no crime to enforce, but there is potential for violence, it may be possible to get a protection order - If the victim is a female, may be able to get them into a shelter - If there is an order in place, its the officer's duty to enforce - If there is no crime and no court order in place, mediate the situation - May include talking about obtaining a protection order or considering an emergency protection order
Smuggling
- Illegal border crossing - Crime against a border - Transportation based - Voluntary
Advantages of Breath Testing
- Immediate results - Lower cost - Non invasive procedure - No medical personnel needed - Not possible for operator to alter results - Fewer witnesses for court
Developing Effective Followers
- Improve independent critical thinking - Improve leader/follower relationships - Enhance self-management (disagree agreeably, build credibility) - Align personal and organizational goals and commitments - Act responsibly toward the organization, the leader, coworkers, and oneself - Similarities between leader and follower roles - Move between the two roles with greater ease
Exemplary
- Independent - Innovative - Creative - Respectfully challenge - Organizational commons - Loyal "No, sirs" - Great co-worker
Alienated
- Independent critical thinkers, passive - Capable but cynical - Hold back best efforts - Disgruntled acquiescence - Self vs Leader Image - Former Exemplary - Like Festering Wounds
Impact of Hate Crimes
- Individuals: long-term psychological and physical effects - Communities: Relation, increased tension perceptions that law enforcement isn't committed, reduction in trust
CRS 42-2-106
- Instruction Permit - Person driving is 16 years but under 18 years of age - A parent, guardian, foster parent, stepparent, or grandparent with power of attorney must be there for it to be valid - The person accompanying must hold a valid Colorado driver's license and is 21 years or older - The accompanying person cannot be under the influence of drugs or alcohol
The following three exception messages require another 20 minute deprivation period
- Invalid sample - No 0.020 Agreement - Range Exceeded
A certified EBAT instrument:
- Is approved for use by the Department and NHTSA - Prior to subject testing, meets scientific standards of performance following protocols established by the Department - Is certified initially and annually thereafter - Performs an EBAT sequence that includes two subject breath samples bracketed by reference standards of a known concentration
Governed Rule 4.1 of the Colorado Rules of Criminal Procedure
- Issuance of a summons and complaint - Filing of the summons and complaint after arrest
Governed by Rule 204 of the Colorado Municipal Court Rules of Procedure: Charges Initiated by:
- Issuance of summons and complaint; - Filing of summons and complaint after arrest
Clarifying Confusion for Reporting Hate Crimes
- It does not have to have been prosecuted as a hate crime to report it - You do not have to wait for the prosecutor to decide - You do not have to have a suspect in custody - What matters is the evidence - You can always edit your report
For Hire vs Rent to Own
- Items that are pawned after being rented for hire (steam cleaner from Home Deport) can be prosecuted. - Rent to own is civil and you should not take a theft report, unless there was fraud used during the renting process (fake ID, etc)
Jury Trials
- Jury verdict must be unanimous - Jury pool is selected at random from a computerized list of names taken from voter and driver license registration records - About 95% of all jury trials in the world take place in the US
Common types of civil disputes
- Landlord - Liens - Repossessions - Protection/restraining orders - Child custody - Bail bondsman
Dont's for Suicide and Homicidal Thoughts
- Leave him/her alone - Handle the problem alone - Be judgmental - Act shocked - Minimize the problem
3 Branches of Government
- Legislative - Executive - Judicial
Labor Trafficking Considerations: Civil
- Less pay than promised - Withheld pay - Under minimum wage - Denial of pay - Illegal deductions - No written earnings statements - No safe water, toilet - Hazardous work environment - No meal breaks
Brief Psychotic Disorder
- Less than 1 month, usually preceded by traumatic event
CRS 42-2-40
- License for Drivers Required CDL - No person shall operate a commercial motor vehicle upon the highways in this state on or after April 1, 1992, unless such person has attained the age of 21 years and has been issued and is in immediate possession of a CDL
CRS 42-2-101
- Licenses for drivers required - Covers required DL's, license updates, license in possession and proper classification - These violations come once you have made a stop for something different, such as an equipment violation, speeding, etc.
Federal Hate Crime Statute: Matthew Shepard and James Byrd, Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act
- Local law enforcement can request help from US Federal Law Enforcement for crime investigation or prosecution - Applies to violent felonies motivated by prejudice based on actual or perceived: - Race - Color - Religion - National origin - Gender - Sexual Orientation - Gender Identity - Disability
Things that affect strangulation
- Location - Duration - Quantity - Surface area
CRS 18-9-111 Bias Motivated Harassment
- M1 - With the intent to harass another person because of that person's actual or perceived race, color, religion, ancestry, national origin, physical or mental disability, or sexual orientation
Strategies for Suspected Drug Induced Psychosis
- Maintain more distance than normally would - Wait for back up-lots of backup - Attempt to get individual's attention to determine if individual can be present in moment - If individual does not appear to be present or able to hold any conversation, de-escalation skills are likely not going to work and compliance is likely not going to occur - Before approaching, remember individuals in this state do not usually feel pain and exhibit what looks like superhuman strength
What you can do
- Make public statements that hate crimes will not be tolerated and that victims will always be taken seriously - Remove hateful graffiti after taking photos - Develop or strengthen relationships with vulnerable community groups - Ensure your communications in the aftermath of an incident are transparent - Report
Common BB Pathogen Diseases
- Malaria - Brucellosis - Syphillis - Hepatitis B and C - HIV
Kelleys Qualities of Effective Followers
- Manage themselves well - Committed to the organization - Share larger purpose than self-interest - Build necessary competence - Focus effort for organizational impact - Courageous, honest, and credible
Things to consider with intimate partner violence
- Men and women can both be victims and perpetrators - Not everyone chooses to disclose right away - There might not be injury present - Patients can respond to trauma differently
8 Active Listening Skills
- Minimal encouragers - Open ended questions - Reflecting/mirror - Emotion labeling - Paraphrasing - "I" Messages - Effective Pauses - Summarize
Breath Sample requirements
- Minimum volume of 1.1 liters of breath required - Minimum flow rate of .15 liters/sec - Level slope achieved - Minimum of 1 seconds - Exhaling until a sample of the Expiratory Reserve Volume has been obtained - Consistency between breath samples is important (consistent sample delivery, consistent sample volumes)
CRS 42-3-124
- Violation- Penalty - A person who violates a provision of this article for which no other penalty is provided in this article commits a class B traffic infraction
Sex Trafficking Indicators/Red Flags: Control/Coercion/Fear
- Not in possession of his/her ID card - Lies about age/identity - Permits other to speak for them - Obsessive over cell phone - Accompanied/controlled by (older) individual without a reasonable explanation - Have no access to parents/guardians - Secrecy about whereabouts, activities - Keeping late nights or unusual hours - Someone else keeps their money for them - Coaches/rehearsed answers
CRS 42-3-202
- Number of plates to be attached - 2 plates must be on a motor vehicle - Exceptions: Except military vehicles, motorcycle or street rod vehicle - Must be clearly visible and legible
CRS 42-4-107
- Obedience to Police Officers - No person shall willfully or fail or refuse to comply with any lawful order or direction of any police officer invested by law with authority to direct, control, or regulate traffic
Evidence of Bias Motivation
- Objective facts, circumstances, or patterns attending a criminal act(s) - Alone or in conjunction with other facts or circumstances - Suggesting that the offender's actions were motivated in whole or in part - By any form of bias, bigotry, or prejudice
Stress Injury
- Occurs on a continuum, with PTSD one of many presentations - Earl and late changing vital signs - Physical injuries - Can be supported when they are recognized - Are dynamic, can move in other direction - Are more likely to occur in states of stress - Occupational exposure
Repossession
- Occurs when the seller/owner of property takes the property back from the buyer/debtor after the buyer defaults on payments
What is the difference between an offense and an ifraction
- Offenses are more serious (reckless driving, DUI, hit and run) - Infractions (no turn signal)
General Initiation of Charges
- Officer must determine what criminal laws have been violated - Misdemeanor, traffic, petty offenses (Burden of determination falls primarily to police officer) - Felony Offenses (Burden of determination ultimately lies with the District Attorney's Office)
Repossession: Handling Self Help
- Officers need to only ask one question if responding to a self help repossession - Does the debtor wish to give the property to the creditor? - If the debtor says no, tell the creditor they must get a court order - If the debtor has already resisted the seizure, a breach of peace has already occurred
Child Custody Disputes
- One parent has just as much right to a child as the other, possession rules - Parents have rights over any other relatives, absent court orders - Review any court orders - Refer both parties to the court that issued the order unless there is reason to believe the child has been permanently taken - Suggest they seek assistance from DHS or a lawyer
Bailiff
- Opens and closes the court - Transports files and evidence - Responsible for maintaining order in the courtroom - Escorts the jurors to the deliberation room and make sure they are not disturbed - Bailiff is the only person who is allowed to speak to the jurors in the deliberation room until a verdict is reached
TEU Call Out
- Out of sight of target - Out of danger of target - Close by - Provides ample parking
Factors for K9 Utilization (What needs to be/should be present)
- PC exists for a felony crime - Known access or history of weapons - Criminal history of violence - Criminal history of deadly weapons - Suspect can be positively identified
A warrantless entry into a residence or business for EXIGENT CIRCUMSTANCES such as destruction of evidence or hot pursuit, must have
- PC to make entry - Law enforcement function instead of public safety - If you see evidence of a crime in plain view during your entry, you may recover the evidence without a warrant
Calls not handled by CRT
- Patients requiring medical treatment - Known alzheimer/dementia patients - Arrested subjects being placed at CJC/Spring Creek - Intoxicated subject who is not suicidal/homicidal
Kelley Describes Followers
- People who know what to do without being told- the people who act with intelligence, independence, courage, and a strong sense of ethics. - Followers have enormous value to an organization. They are collaborators with leaders in achieving organizational success
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
- Persistent and excessive worry - Anticipate disaster despite contrary or lack of evidence - Always worst case scenario
Litigants in a Civil Case
- Person filing case: Plaintiff - Person responding to the complaint: Defendant
Psychotic Disorders
- Person has lost some contact with reality and is experiencing severe disturbances in thinking, emotion, and behavior - Not as common as depression and anxiety disorders - Usually occurs in episodes and is not a constant/static condition
Special Circumstances Bulletin 1001-16(P)
- Person has shoplifted on premises at least once prior - The new incident does not have to have a qualifying dollar amount - Person was notified in writing that they are trespassed from a particular location - Documentation of trespassing was given to investigating officer at time of arrest
Managing our own biases
- Perspective-taking - Exposure - Individuation
Litigants in Domestic Relations Case
- Petitioner and Respondent
Trauma Examples
- Physical Assault - Stabbings - Gun Shot Wounds
Who can stop a semi driving down the road?
- Police Officers - DOT personnel
18-4-205 Possession of Burglary Tools
- Possesses any explosive, tool, instrument, or other article adapted, designed, or commonly used for committing or facilitating the commission of an offense involving forcible entry into premises or theft by a physical taking, and intends to use the thing possessed - F5
Requisites of an information are:
- Presented by the DA - Defendant named therein - Venue of offenses in this jurisdiction (note difference between venue and jurisdiction) - Offense charged is set forth with sufficient certainty that court may pronounce judgement upon conviction
K9 Utilization Purposes
- Protect the handler, officers, citizens from imminent attack or risk of SBI - Locate and apprehend suspects reasonable to have been involved in a violent felony - Locate and apprehend any felony suspect believed to be dangerous - Conduct a building search for suspect where it is reasonable to believe a felony crime occurred (Other than trespassing) - Search for contraband or evidence - In rare circumstances, the PSD can be used to search for missing at-risk individuals or missing children with evidence of foul play. Needs approval from SED Commander
For a Burglary you need to prove:
- Prove that a trespass occurred and the suspect was not authorized to be there - Show suspect was inside - Prove that a suspect committed another crime while committing that trespass
Why Report
- Provides data to assess the scope of the problem and the efficacy of responses - Helps identify patterns of behavior, contribution, to prevention strategies - Enables police to better identify vulnerable communities - Provides opportunity to strengthen community trust - Demonstrates commitment to transparency
CRS 42-4-108
- Public officers to obey provisions, exceptions for emergency vehicle - When going code 3: you can violate some traffic laws
Identity Groups
- Race - Ethnicity - Gender - Gender Identity - National Origin - Religion - Sexual Orientation - Disability
Who are at-risk communities? (most frequently targeted)
- Race/Ethnicity (Black Community) - Religion - Sexual Orientation (Gay Community) - Other
Pragmatist
- Rarely committed - Don't make waves - Survivors - Mediocre performers - Clog organizational arteries - Ambiguous image - Avoid failures - Bureaucratic experts
PTSD Clusters
- Re-experiencing - Emotional numbness and/or avoidance - Increased arousal
CRS 42-4-1401
- Reckless driving - A person who drives a motor vehicle, bicycle, electrical assisted bicycle, electric scooter, or low-power scooter in such a manner as to indicate either a wanton or a willful disregard for the safety of persons or property is guilty of reckless driving
CRS 42-3-103
- Registration Required
What do we do for an alienated person?
- Remove obstacles - Self examination - Reduce negativity - Constructive problem solving
Court Reporter
- Responsible for court proceedings - Typically able to record 22-260 words per minute using a special machine - In the case of an appeal, court reporter prepares a written record of the trial for the appellate court - Reporters are only used in district court; county court uses a tape recorder to make a record of the proceedings
Purpose of Civil Law
- Restorative (restitution) - To put the aggrieved as nearly as possible in position they would have been had the wrong-doing not occurred
18-4-409 First Degree Aggravated Motor Vehicle Left
- Retain possession or control more than 24 hours; or - Attempts to alter/disguise the appearance of the vehicle; or - Attempts to alter or remove or alters or removes VIN; or - Uses motor vehicle in commission of crime other than traffic offense; or - causes $500 or more in property damage in the course of obtaining control of the motor vehicle; or - Causes bodily injury to another while in exercise of control of the motor vehicle; or - Removes motor vehicle from the state for 12+ hours; or - Unlawfully attaches or displays license plates not assigned to the vehicle
The advisement of rights include
- Right to remain silent - Right to have counsel - Right to have state appointed counsel - Any plea must be free and voluntary - Right to bail - Right to trial jury (6 jurors civil/misdemeanor, 12 for felony) - Right to preliminary hearing - Advisement of nature of charges and possible penalties
Burglary vs. Robbery
- Robbery is from a person, burglary if from a place - Assumed threat of force - Intent
What to inquire about strangulation
- Rubbing their neck - Clearing their throat - Unreasonably irrational or appears intoxicated - Loss of bowel or bladder - Unsteady gait - Simply asking did anything go around your neck or touch your neck is a good start
Decision Making Process
- Safety Priorities - Risk vs Benefit - Known vs Unknown - Possibility vs Probability
Sex Trafficking Indicators/Red Flags: Scene
- Scene: room, purse backpack - Sex paraphernalia: condoms, lube, baby wipes, oil - Paper/notebooks with lists of phone numbers, dollar amounts, male names, hotel names, addresses
CRS 42-4-1903
- School buses- stops-signs-passing - The driver of a motor vehicle shall stop at least 20 ft before reaching the school bus if visual signal lights are on - The driver shall not proceed until the visual signal lights are no longer actuated
Things Individuals contribute
- Seek to fulfill needs - Bring assets and liabilities - Are potential future leaders and exemplary followers
Grand Jury facts
- Selected by the judge and DA - Cause must be shown to exclude a potential juror - The grand jury term is no more than 12 months, unless ongoing investigation - Second grand jury can be impaneled - Number of grand jurors range from 12-23 (if 12, 9 needed to indict) - have broad subpoena powers and power to grant use immunity
2 ways a repossession can be accomplished
- Self help: one party, without notice, takes the property of another because he/she claims they are enforcing a property right, usually a debt secured by the property which is seized. Cannot cause a breach of the peace - Court Order: The repossessor, armed with a court order, has a legal right to enlist the services of the state in seizing the property. This will be done through the Sheriff's Officer
Physiological Responses to Stress
- Senses become more alert - Muscles tighten and tense for action - Blood is diverted away from digestive tract and skin - Heart and breathing rate increase - Clotting agents enter bloodstream - Stored fat and sugar supplies are released into the bloodstream - Normal processes of the digestive tract are shut down
How to investigate prostitution cases/sex trafficking cases
- Separate the victim from the suspect - Dig into the story/tenacity - How do you know each other, how long, where/how work - Compare notes with your partner - If red flags of HT/prostitution, reassure victim they wont be in trouble for it - Ask to look through their phones - Secure evidence: rooms, phones - Notifications: VICE and VAU with RS of HT, Pimping, Child Prostitution
Graham v Connor 3 Pronged Test
- Severity of crime - Is there an immediate threat to the safety of people - Is the person actively resisting arrest or attempting to evade arrest by flight
Forensic Patient Populations
- Sexual Assault (SA) - Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) - Child Abuse/Neglect - Elder Abuse/Neglect - Trauma - Suspect Exams - Straddle Injuries - Strangulation
Specialty Assessments
- Sexual Assault (ano-genital exam) - Pediatric Population (Denver Development tool) - Intimate Partner Violence (The Danger Assessment and Calendar) - Strangulation (Detailed neurological exam and cranial nerve assessment - Elder Abuse (Caregiver strain, cognitive impairment identification)
Potentially infected bodily fluids
- Skin tissue, cell cultures - Blood - Saliva - Vomit - Urine - Mucus - Semen or vaginal secretions
Human Trafficking FNE Interventions
- Speak with the patient in private - Give a safe place and resources - Involve LE and the human trafficking unit
Role of FNE
- Specialty assessments - Forensic Photography - Resource Facilitation (advocacy, f/u coordination, LE interaction) - Safety Planning - Multidisciplinary collaboration - Expert testimony - Evidence collection
CRS 42-2-203
- Standardized Plate - Unless otherwise authorized by statute, the department shall issue all Class C vehicles a single type of standardized license plate.
Aldaba v Pickens
- State has legitimate interest in protecting a mentally ill person from self-harm - The extent of force used will vary based on the severity and immediacy of the threat the individual poses to himself - A detainee's mental health must be taken into account when considering use of force
Perpetrator Indicators
- Statements, comments, words - Fliers, handouts - Clothing, tattoos, jewelry, or other items worn on the body - Association with organizations or other individuals that promote biased-based beliefs
Getting therapy and or psychotropic medication can be hindered by
- Stigma - Financial resources - providers - transportation
In order to maintain current certification as an Intoxilyzer operator, the operator must:
- Successfully perform and complete a recertification EBAT within a 180-day period - Successfully complete the Department's operator recertification refresher course annually
Hepatitis B
- Symptoms: Jaundice, fatigue, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, intermittent nausea, vomiting - 1-1.25 million Americans are chronically infected - May lead to chronic liver disease, liver cancer, and death - Vaccination available since 1982 - Can survive for at least one week in dried blood - Symptoms can occur 1-9 months after exposure
What can you do about it?
- Take steps to reduce personal biases - Conduct outreach to at-risk communities - Educate the broader community about the threat - Demonstrate sensitivity
The following three exception messages require comments
- Test sequence aborted - Subject refused - Deficient sample
Things to Consider About Sexual Assaults
- The hymen is not intact - There is no physiological way to tell if someone is a virgin - Pediatric patients do not often disclose abuse - Sexually transmitted infections in Peds - Consent - Neurobiology of trauma
Self Medicating
- The introduction of certain drugs such as cocaine, LSD, meth, alcohol, and cannabis can worsen symptoms of pre-existing mental illnesses such as mania as it pertains to bipolar and schizophrenia - This increases an individual's paranoia and furthers their disconnection with reality
The requisites of a warrant are:
- The name or description of the defendant - The identity of the nature of the offense - The amount of bail (standard or higher) - The command to arrest, and - The signature of a judge
Acute Suicidal Crisis
- The period of time which an individual shifts from experiencing suicidal ideation to actually making a suicide attempt. - Comes on rapidly - Difficult to predict - Brief
Preliminary Hearing
- The purpose is for the judge to determine PC - Are a matter of right only in class one, two, or three felonies, or a class four, five, or sic felony that carries mandatory sentencing or is a crime of violence or sex crime OR if the defendant remains in custody
What does the Traffic Code do and mean?
- The roads belong to the people of Colorado - The people of Colorado make the rules for the roadways - The Traffic Code exists to encourage voluntary compliance of the laws - To punish poor driving behaviors
Followership
- The role of followers in a leadership PROCESS - It means committing and working cooperatively with other followers and leaders to achieve shared goals by harmonizing individual roles and goals with the larger vision of the group (organization, community, or society), and may include acting like a leader when the situation requires
A Few Certainties Regarding Leadership and Followship
- There are no leaders without followers - Most effective follower traits are also effective leader traits - Not all good followers make good leaders (derailment) - Not all leaders are effective followers - Many organizational successes are due to great followership not great leadership - Most of our careers are about being followers
For Class 5 or 6 Felonies, you have to be able to say:
- There is a reasonable likelihood that the defendant will appear - the defendant has no felony arrests within the preceding five years - There is no evidence that the defendant used a deadly weapon in the commission of the crime - There are no outstanding warrants for the defendant's arrest
Labor Trafficking
- To perform labor or services - By coercion
GO 1300: Traffic Enforcement
- Traffic enforcement objectives of CSPD are to reduce traffic accidents and to aid in the safe and expeditious flow of vehicular and pedestrian traffic - Officers shall take appropriate enforcement action whenever a violation is detected. Includes provable violations determined through accident investigation and violations observed by the officer. - Conduct traffic enforcement within assigned sectors and specific areas, top accident locations, school zones, concerning neighborhoods, random enforcement, etc.
CRS 42-4-1701
- Traffic offenses and infractions classified
What to do:
- Treat EDP people as potential threat - Pay attention to emotions and state of mind - Dont leave them alone - Remove weapons from house if appropriate - Be aware of suicide by cop - Ask what their intentions are and dont be afraid to confront/clarify
County Court
- Trial Court - Criminal Cases - Civil Cases ($25k Gap) - Less Serious Criminal Violations - Traffic Infractions - No Appellate Jurisdiction
District Court
- Trial Court - Criminal and civil cases - Juvenile, domestic, and probate cases - Appeals from County and Municipal Courts - 22 Judicial Districts
Municipal Court
- Trial Court - Limited Jurisdiction; established to resolve violations of city ordinances - Judges are appointed and sit at the pleasure of the Mayor - Court Referee; minor quality of life violations including some animal control, parking violations, noise violations, and others as designated by the presiding judge - Max of $2500 fine and/or 189 days in jail
Judges
- Trial judges make decisions, or rulings, during a trial - Instructs the jury on the law - Meet with attorneys to discuss and decide questions of law - Research the law, write order and opinions, review file
The determination made in grand jury trials
- True Bill or No True Bill
Lessons on Trust
- Trust is fragile and must be nurtured - It can erode quickly but takes a long time to rebuild - Trust is reciprocal - If police are perceived as not trusting the community, the community is unlikely to trust the police - Trust cannot be aggregated - Each and every individual in the community matters
Landlord-Tenant Disputes: Eviction
- Typically not paying rent but can be any violation of the lease - Landlord must deliver a Notice to Quit - After 72 hours, landlord or agent may request the court issue a summons in Forcible Entry and Detainer (SFED) - SFED may be served by any person over 18 who is not a party of the action and can be reasonably considered disinterested - SFED will contain appearance date usually 10 days after issuance
Federal Courts-
- US District Court - US Court of Appeals (Circuit Courts) - US Supreme Court - Specialty Courts (i.e. Bankruptcy Courts)
Stress generally occurs when the event contains 3 main variables
- Uncontrollability - Negativity - Unpredictability
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
- Uncontrollable recurring thoughts (obsessions) - Behaviors they feel the urge to repeat excessively (compulsions) - Ex: Checking, contamination, hoarding, ruminations or intrusive thoughts
Crisis Entry Plans
- Under what circumstances will we enter? - Which officers will enter, which officers will maintain containment positions? - Who will breach entry point? - Who will go where, upon entry?
Lack of treatment participation often leads to instability and crisis such as
- Unemployment - Homelessness - Loss of Relationships - Substance Abuse - Criminal Behavior - Suicide
Model Traffic Code for CO
- Uniformity of basic road rules - Uniformity of local traffic regulations - Standardization of traffic regulation and control on streets that are state highways - Compatibility of traffic ordinances with State and national vehicle codes - All contributing to greater traffic safety and operational efficiency in moving people and good through and within our local governments
What is a hate crime?
- Unlawful act punishable by a state or other authority - Against persons or property - Target intentionally selected - Based on their actual or perceived identity
CRS 42-2-309
- Unlawful acts - Tampering, sharing ID card, duplication, photograph, etc
CRS 42-3-136
- Unlawful possession or use of license - No person shall fraudulently obtain a driver's, minor driver's, or temporary driver's license or an instruction permit
Alcohol is directly excreted or passed out of the body by:
- Urine - Sweat - Tears - Saliva
Decontamination
- Use disinfectant - Do an initial wipe - Spray and allow it to stand for 10 mins then wipe - Dispose of all wipes in biohazard containers - When contaminated, PPE should be removed and disposed of in biohazard containers
Schizoaffective Disorder
- Usually have depression or bipolar symptoms
CRS 18-16-103: Acceptable Identification
- Valid CO drivers license - Identification card issued in accordance with CRS 42-2-302 - Valid drivers license, containing picture, issued by another statae - Military ID - Valid Passport - Alien Registration Card
Repossession: Self Help
- Vehicle repossessions are commonly seen by Patrol - Must follow procedure in statute - CRS 42-6-146: Repossession of Motor Vehicle - Must notify law enforcement one hour before, if possible, but no later than one hour after - Officers should not assist a repossessor when they are conducting a self help repossession - Officer actions can deprive the debtor of due process - Passive assistance- prohibited by law
How to identify suicide:
- Verbal: Im going to kill myself, I want out, I cant go on, etc. - Time Clues: It wont matter after today - Other Clues: Giving property away, writing a goodbye note, getting will/personal things in order suddenly, withdrawal
Contextual Indicators
- Victim and perpetrator belong to different identity groups - Presence of pre-existing hostilities or tensions between identity groups in the area - Patterns of similar incidents in the area - Coincidence with a holiday observance or celebration of significance
27-81-111 Emergency Procedures Alcohol (Substances); Emergency Commitment
- When a person is intoxicated or incapacitated by alcohol and clearly dangerous to the health and safety of himself/herself or others - He/she shall be taken into protective custody by LE acting with PC - Only for so long as may be necessary to prevent injury to himself or others or to prevent a breach of peace - Not an arrest
CRS 42-4-1607
- When driver unable to five notice or make written report - The person who is in the passenger's seat will take care of the notifications if the driver is unable
When is a license, permit, or identification required to be exhibited? What CRS?
- When operating a motor vehicle in the state - 42-2-115
Handler Considerations
- Whether the suspect is armed - Age of the suspect - Criminal History - Known potential danger to the public - Number of pedestrians in area - If a perimeter is set and secure
Intel Gathering?
- Who is the person - Criminal history - Military experience - Is the person wanted - Previous prison time - Gun purchases/known weapons - Mental condition? Suicide by cop? - Threats made - Does suspect have ability to go mobile - Hazards on address (CFS) - Premise history - Interview info from family, friends, neighbors, co-workers, doctors, etc.
Surrender Plan
- Who will give verbal's? - Where will the suspect be directed for the arrest? - Who will cover the suspect? - Who will be hands on? - Who will maintain containment? - Who is assigned to less lethal (plans in place for all sides)
Attempted Escape Plans?
- Who will give verbal's? - Who will cover the suspect? - Who is hands on? - Who maintains containment? - What is last resort? - What is the canine plan? - Do we have less lethal assigned? - Plans for all sides of the residence?
Critical Questions
- Why are we there? - Hostage or Barricade? How do we know? - Is the suspect contained? - Vehicle available to suspect? - Are we communicating with the suspect? - Is an arrest/search warrant needed? - Interior Floor plan available? - Are keys available to the residence? - Have evacuations been completed?
Sex Trafficking Indicators/Red Flags: Relationships
- With a much older boyfriend - Multiple minors with unrelated adults (men or women) - History of sex abuse
CRS 27-65-102 Danger To Self Or Others Definition
- With respect to an individual, that the individual poses a substantial risk of physical harm to himself or herself as manifested by evidence of recent threats of or attempts at suicide or serious bodily harm to himself or herself or; - With respect to other persons, that the individual poses a substantial risk of physical harm to another person or persons as manifested by evidence of recent homicidal or other violent behavior by the person in question, or by evidence that others are placed in reasonable fear of violent behavior and serious physical harm to them, as evidenced by a recent overt act, attempt, or threat to do serious physical harm by the person in question
How long does a person have to change and update the address or name on their DL? CRS?
- Within 30 days, provide notice to the department - Exceptions for military - 42-2-119
Probation Officers
- Work with both juveniles and adults - Investigates the defendant's background - Recommends a sentence to the judge - Meets with defendants at regular intervals
What do you do when a victim discloses they were sexually assaulted?
- You can advise they seek medical treatment when they disclose this as it is a medical compliant - Evidence collection is up to 120 hours for Adults/Adolescents/Pediatrics but we will still see patients after this time fram
Verbal Disturbances: Mediation
- You must exercise your legal responsibilities - Make it clear you are not taking sides - Make the party you are acting against aware of their legal remedies - Be creative - Strive for win/win - You can make suggestions that are not legally binding - Suggest options that will keep the peace - Be careful and clear so they understand
What will the CFS look like?
- You wont get dispatched to a CFS for human trafficking - Domestic Violence - Check the Welfare - Harassment/Assault - Extortion - Theft/Not Getting Paid
Part 4 of the Rule establishes the minimum standards for the collection and testing of breath evidential alcohol samples to include
- a certified EBAT instructor or operator to perform the test - An approved EBAT facility to conduct the test in - A certified EBAT instrument to perform the measurement
Commercial Vehicle
- a motor vehicle designed or used to transport passengers or property if the vehicle: - Has gross vehicle weight rating of 26,001 pounds or more - Designed to transport 16 or more passengers including the driver - transporting hazardous materials - Does not include recreational, military, or farm vehicles
PPE rules ot remember
- always check PPE for defects or tears before using - Deploy PPE before any contact with potentially infected persons - If PPE becomes torn or defective remove get new - Remove PPE before leaving a contaminated area - Do not reuse disposable equipment
What is a critical incident?
- and event that is psychologically disturbing and beyond the realm of everyday human experience
The term biohazard must be attached to
- containers of regulated biohazard waste - refrigerators or freezers containing blood or OPIM - Containers used to store, transport, or ship blood or OPIM
Effects of high speed driving
- heart-rate, BP - Tunnel vision - Depth perception - Complex and fine motor skills - Forebrain shuts down
A mental disorder or illness is a diagnosable illness that:
- impacts thinking, emotional state, and behavior - Depending upon severity, similar disabling effects as physical illness as it can disrupts the persons ability to work, ADLs, care for themselves, engage in satisfying relationships
Ceballos v Husk
- mentally ill or disturbed condition of the subject is a relevant factor in determining reasonableness of force - Diminished capacity is not just restricted to mental illness (drugs, stress, health) - If tactically permissible, officer should slow the situation down - Knowledge of subject's diminished capacity does not preclude officers from using reasonable force to protect themselves or others
Hepatitis C
- most common chronic blood borne infection in the US - Symptoms: jaundice, fatigue, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, intermittent nausea, vomiting. May lead to chronic liver disease and death - No vaccine currently available
Time increments for prostitution
- qv - hhr - hr
What was the legal limit prior to 1971?
0.1
__ in ___ women in the US have experienced some form of physical violence by an intimate partner
1 in 3
__ in ___ men in the US have experienced some form of physical violence by an intimate partner
1 in 4
Pawnbrokers must hold property and keep it separate from other inventory ___ days past maturity date of contract for pawned property and ___ days for purchased property
10 days, 30 days
Percentage of women and percentage of men that develop PTSD sometime in their lives
10%, 4%
US Sex Trafficking Stats: ___ cases reported nationally each year
10,000+
What circuit is CO
10th
How many circuit courts are there
12
US Sex Trafficking Stats: ____ is the average age a person first becomes the victim
15-17
When was the last time line of duty deaths was below 100?
1943
Instrument measures at what ratio? Most people on average are?
1:2100, 1:2400
County Court Judges Term Length
4 years
___ of prostitutes/those sex trafficked have contemplated suicide or attempted suicide
41%
What judicial district is El Paso and Teller Counties?
4th
Decisions are overturned at a minimum of ___ votes in the Supreme Court
5-4
___% make a suicidal attempt within 10 minutes of first thinking of making the attempt
50%
Percentage of women and percentage of men that experience at least one trauma in their lives
50%, 60%
District Court Judges Term Length
6 years
When must you have registration on a vehicle after purchasing it?
60 days
___% of people who die by suicide die on their first attempt
60%
___ of prostitutes have been threatened with harm by traffickers
63%
Motor Vehicle
All vehicles of whatever description propelled by any power other than muscular, except vehicles running on rails
Prostitution
Any sex act in exchange for money/thing of value
PPE
Anything used to protect a person from exposure
Retention of Judges
Elections
Unique Absorption Pattern
Ethanol will absorb infrared light in its own unique and consistent manner and will create its own unique and consistent absorption pattern
Alcohol is also known as
Ethanol, ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol
Why would we cite a traffic violator into County court?
Ex: Traffic crash violations with bodily injury
Colorado Identity Groups: What is missing?
Gender
Eyewitness
Has firsthand knowledge of fact important to the case
Suicide =
Intent + Means + Plans
Homicidal =
Intent + Plans + Means + Specific Target
The Police Service Dog
Primarily a locating tool. Utilizing their superior sense of smell, hearing and physical abilities to find a concealed person(s) and/or evidence
Purpose of Criminal Law
Punishment for violations of the criminal code (social contract) created by the people themselves through their elected representatives
Who is the father of breath alcohol testing?
Robert Borkenstein
SBI
Situation Behavior Impact
3 S's
Speed, seatbelt, struck by vehicle
Beer Lambert Law
The energy absorbed is proportional to the amount of alcohol in the sample
Elder Abuse/Neglect
The knowing, intentional, or negligent act by a caregiver or any other person that causes harm or a serious risk of harm to a vulnerable adult
Stress
The mind and body's reaction to an unusual demand such as a threat or challenge
What did the Grand Rapids Study 1964 determine?
The more you drink, the more likely you are to get into a vehicle crash
What format is the case number in
There is no format
Choke
To have the trachea blocked partly or entirely by a foreign object (i.e. food)
What is the 2nd leading cause of death?
Traffic Related
(T/F) X-Y = Alcohol Concentration
True
T/F A certified EBAT instructor is recognized by the colorado department of public health and environment as a breath alcohol testing expert
True
T/F A summons and complaint is typically served on the defendant personally, but it can be served at his home or by certified mail
True
T/F After TEU is contacted regarding a barricaded suspect, do not continue communicating with the suspect
True
T/F Alcohol affects the central nervous system, mostly the brain
True
T/F Alcohol gets metabolized in the liver by the ADH Enzyme
True
T/F Alcohol is distributed throughout the body by circulatory system blood supply
True
T/F Alcohol is hydrophilic or water loving and is attracted to water and evenly distributed in water
True
T/F All alcohols are toxic
True
Do you have discretion to charge city or county
Yes when necessary
Henry's Law state that
at a constant temperature, the amount of a given gas dissolved in a given type and volume of liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas in equilibrium with that liquid
When organizations and individual members are in alignment then, the gap between them is ___
closed
County court handles all ____ cases
misdemeanor
When determining gravely disabled, you must have ____ articulable issue
more than one
District and County courts are located
on Tejon St
The expert witness
possesses superior knowledge that will help the judge or jury understand a technical or scientific issue in the case
Isopropanol is also known as
rubbing alcohol
Methanol is also known as
solvent, paint remover, fuel
T/F Colorado Appeal Process: Most cases appealed from District Court go to the Court of Appeals, but some go directly to the Supreme Court, such as criminal cases in which the death penalty has been imposed
true
Alveolar Sac
two or more alveoli that share a common duct or opening in the lungs
Process of selecting a jury is called
voir dire
