Test 3

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Begins with recitative, chromatically descending vocal line, accompanied by the basso continuo, the aria is based on a bass on ostinato(ground bass)

Dido and Aeneas

What was the doctrine of affections?

Different musical moods could and should be used to influence the emotions of the listener

Concerto grosso

two or more soloists

Trills

a quavering or vibratory sound, especially a rapid alternation of sung or played notes.

What is the definition of basso continuo?

a small ensemble of at least two instrumentalists that provides a foundation for the melody above, heard almost exclusively in Baroque music

Which characteristic does NOT apply to the art and music of the baroque period?

calm, symmetrical organization of events

Tremolo

rapid repetition of a tone or chord, without apparent breaks, to express emotion

Who composed the first important opera?

Monteverdi. L'Orfeo, 1607

Concert grosso

Most distinctive feature is abrupt contrasts within a unity of mood; soloists are called the concertino; uses ritornello form in the first and third movements

Barbara Strozzi

Most prominent composer of Baroque chamber cantatas

Recitative

Musically heightened speech; advances the plot; makes use of rapidly repeating notes at the end of a phrase; typically accompanied only by the vas's continuo

Select the correct definition for recitative

Musically heightened speech; often used in an opera, oratorio, or cantata to report dramatic action and advance the plot.

What was the melody of the baroque era?

New type of solo singing with a single singer projecting a highly charged text and supported only by a few accompanying instruments

Figured bass

Numerical shorthand in musical notation that tells the player which unwritten noted to fill in above the written bass note

Instrumental genre

One of more soloists play with and against a larger orchestra

Solo concerto

One soloists

The most important new genders of the baroque period, dramatic work in which the actors sing some of all of their parts and usually features elaborate stage sets and costumes; the text is called the libretto; first emerged around 1600 in italy

Opera

What was the first major opera?

Orfeo by Claudio monteverdi

Baroque concerto

Preformed in 3 movements (fast, slow,fast)

The lament "when I am laid in earth" is a ground bass aria from

Purcell's dido and Aeneas

Expressive nobody splits into what two singing styles?

Recitative and aria

Melodic sequence

Repetition of the musical motive at successively higher or Lower degrees of the scale.

Program music for the seasons

Representing the feelings, sounds, and sights of the four seasons of the year

Basso continuo

Requires two instrumentalists. Harpsichord-plays the chord progression and plays bass line

Music for the court was preformed in

Rondo form

What does the term "terraced dynamics" describe?

Sharp, abrupt dynamic contrast found in music of the baroque era

Terraced dynamics

Sharp, abrupt dynamic contrasts found in the music of the baroque era

Which statement about Antonio Vivaldi is wrong?

Since his father disapproved of music, he quietly practiced the violin in the attic in order to avoid discovery.

Which instrument never plays in the basso continuo group?

flute

What is meant by the term tutti?

the full orchestra or full performing force

What is a concertino

the group of instruments that function as soloists in a concerto grosso

What is an ostinato?

a musical figure, motive, melody, harmony, or rhythm that is repeated again and again

Concertino

"little concert" soloists

What time period did Claudio Monteverdi live in?

1567-1643

What is the baroque period?

1600-1750

What time period did Barbara strozzi live in?

1619-1677

When did Johann pachelbel live?

1653-1706

Henry purcell

1659-1695

When did jean Joseph mouret live?

1682-1738

Vivaldi's violin concerto in "spring"

1725, the first of four concertos entitled the seasons

What is a "figured bass"?

A musical notation, a numerical shorthand that tells the player which unwritten noted to fill in above the written bass note.

Identify the correct definition for the term "concerto grosso"

A three movement composition that pits the sound of a small ground of soloists again that of the full orchestra.

Identify the statement that best applies to aria

All of these choices

Which statement best applies to opera

All of these choices

Known for the "spring concerto" first movement from the four seasons (solo concerto)

Antonio Vivaldi

Most influential composer in the development of the baroque concerto, skilled Violinist, lived and worked in Venice, Italy

Antonio Vivaldi

Nicknamed the red priest

Antonio Vivaldi

Wrote over 450 concertos

Antonio Vivaldi

Singing style which expresses feeling or emotion; all or part of the orchestra, including the basso continuo, accompanied the singer; clear meter, regular rhythms, and long coal melismas.

Aria

Known for the monody Voglio morire

Barbara strozzi

What were the style traits of early and middle baroque music?

Basso continuo, repetitive rhythmic patterns/song beat, idiomatic writing for instruments, standard chord professions and focus on the major and minor modes.

What were the genres of the early baroque?

Chamber cantata, opera, concerto, dance suite, sonata

Basso continuo

Characteristic feature of baroque music; consists of a small ensemble of at least two instrumentalists who provide a foundation for the melody

What were some styles, architecture, and music during the baroque?

Colossal size and scope, abundant/excessive ornamentation, dramatic contrasts, energetic movement.

What did the bass line represent during the baroques operas and cantatas?

Devious grief and sadness

Drama is completely sung throughout this period

Early baroque opera

flamboyant style

Energetic motion, change. Also used dramatic contrast

Tutti

Everybody; orchestra with soloists

Characteristics of the baroque music

Expressive melody and strong supporting bass

What were two constant elements in baroque music?

Expressive melody;strong supporting bass

Violin

Favorite baroque instrument for making music in the home

Which statement about the Italian "chamber cantata" is wrong?

Features elaborate scenery and costumes

Chamber cantata

Gender preformed by a solid voice and a few accompanying instruments; it's text usually is about the deeds of ancient hero's/heroines and mythology or unrequited love

Most prominent keyboard instrument of the baroque period

Harpsichord

Called the greatest of all English composers

Henry Purcell

Known for dido and Aeneas(opera), "thy hand, Belinda," and "when I am laid in earth" (recitative and aria)

Henry Purcell

Dido and Aeneas (1689)

Henry Purcell, one of the first operas written in english

Identify the one statement about Henry Purcell that is wrong

His concertos and trio sonatas were widely admired throughout Europe

Exploits the strengths and avoids the weaknesses of particular voices and instruments

Idiomatic writing

Baroque Orchestra

Included strings, winds (not clarinet), brass, percussion, and harpsichord; average of 20 performers

Canon..

Is played by 3 violins, all in the same range

Why is Orfeo important?

It was the first major opera in the history of Western music.

Known for sweet de symphonies, rondeau (court music)

Jean Joseph mouret

Served as a musician at the palace of Versailles

Jean Joseph mouret

Canon in d major (ostinato)

Johann pachelbel

Instrumental music composer and teacher

Johann pachelbel

Known for canon in D major

Johann pachelbel

What piece of music was strozzi know for?

L'amante segreto (1651) means the secret lover

What was the test called in early baroque opera?

Libretto

Which genre used ritornello form?

Solo concerto

What does Monody mean?

Solo song

Aria

Song like, legato melody, wider vocal range, clear beat and meter, accompanied by orchestra and basso continuo

Recitative

Speech like melody, narrow vocal range, weak beat, accompanied by basso continuo is

Ground bass

Synonym for basso continuo

Claudio monterverdi

The father of opera

Identify the one statement about Vivaldi's Violin Concerto in E major (the "Spring") that is NOT correct.

The first movement is in binary form and prominently features the oboes and bassoon in the tutti section.

Antonio Vivaldi was also known as

The red priest

Identify the correct definition of "melodic sequence"

The repetition of a musical motive a successively higher or lose degrees of the scale.

The full orchestra including soloists is called

The tutti

Idiomatic writing

Tremolos, trills, fast scales, broken chords

The solo concerto and concerto gross are virtually identical genres, which the exception that the concerto grosso features multiple soloists while the solo concert has only one.

True

What formed the core of the baroque orchestra?

Violin family of instruments

Antonio Vivaldi (1678-1741)

Violinist/composer most influential and prolific composer of the baroque concerto

Which aria is based on a basso ostinato pattern?

Voglio morire by strozzi

What was ground bass used in

When I am laid in earth, from purcells dido and aeneas

Ostinato

a musical figure, motive, melody, harmony, or rhythm that is repeated again and again

When and where did baroque music first appear?

around 1600 in Italy

What is the meaning of idiomatic writing?

exploiting the strengths, special abilities, and color of a particular instrument or voice while avoiding its weaknesses

What is a libretto?

text of an opera

What is the most distinctive feature of the concerto grosso?

the contrast in sound between the tutti and concertino


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