Test 3
Begins with recitative, chromatically descending vocal line, accompanied by the basso continuo, the aria is based on a bass on ostinato(ground bass)
Dido and Aeneas
What was the doctrine of affections?
Different musical moods could and should be used to influence the emotions of the listener
Concerto grosso
two or more soloists
Trills
a quavering or vibratory sound, especially a rapid alternation of sung or played notes.
What is the definition of basso continuo?
a small ensemble of at least two instrumentalists that provides a foundation for the melody above, heard almost exclusively in Baroque music
Which characteristic does NOT apply to the art and music of the baroque period?
calm, symmetrical organization of events
Tremolo
rapid repetition of a tone or chord, without apparent breaks, to express emotion
Who composed the first important opera?
Monteverdi. L'Orfeo, 1607
Concert grosso
Most distinctive feature is abrupt contrasts within a unity of mood; soloists are called the concertino; uses ritornello form in the first and third movements
Barbara Strozzi
Most prominent composer of Baroque chamber cantatas
Recitative
Musically heightened speech; advances the plot; makes use of rapidly repeating notes at the end of a phrase; typically accompanied only by the vas's continuo
Select the correct definition for recitative
Musically heightened speech; often used in an opera, oratorio, or cantata to report dramatic action and advance the plot.
What was the melody of the baroque era?
New type of solo singing with a single singer projecting a highly charged text and supported only by a few accompanying instruments
Figured bass
Numerical shorthand in musical notation that tells the player which unwritten noted to fill in above the written bass note
Instrumental genre
One of more soloists play with and against a larger orchestra
Solo concerto
One soloists
The most important new genders of the baroque period, dramatic work in which the actors sing some of all of their parts and usually features elaborate stage sets and costumes; the text is called the libretto; first emerged around 1600 in italy
Opera
What was the first major opera?
Orfeo by Claudio monteverdi
Baroque concerto
Preformed in 3 movements (fast, slow,fast)
The lament "when I am laid in earth" is a ground bass aria from
Purcell's dido and Aeneas
Expressive nobody splits into what two singing styles?
Recitative and aria
Melodic sequence
Repetition of the musical motive at successively higher or Lower degrees of the scale.
Program music for the seasons
Representing the feelings, sounds, and sights of the four seasons of the year
Basso continuo
Requires two instrumentalists. Harpsichord-plays the chord progression and plays bass line
Music for the court was preformed in
Rondo form
What does the term "terraced dynamics" describe?
Sharp, abrupt dynamic contrast found in music of the baroque era
Terraced dynamics
Sharp, abrupt dynamic contrasts found in the music of the baroque era
Which statement about Antonio Vivaldi is wrong?
Since his father disapproved of music, he quietly practiced the violin in the attic in order to avoid discovery.
Which instrument never plays in the basso continuo group?
flute
What is meant by the term tutti?
the full orchestra or full performing force
What is a concertino
the group of instruments that function as soloists in a concerto grosso
What is an ostinato?
a musical figure, motive, melody, harmony, or rhythm that is repeated again and again
Concertino
"little concert" soloists
What time period did Claudio Monteverdi live in?
1567-1643
What is the baroque period?
1600-1750
What time period did Barbara strozzi live in?
1619-1677
When did Johann pachelbel live?
1653-1706
Henry purcell
1659-1695
When did jean Joseph mouret live?
1682-1738
Vivaldi's violin concerto in "spring"
1725, the first of four concertos entitled the seasons
What is a "figured bass"?
A musical notation, a numerical shorthand that tells the player which unwritten noted to fill in above the written bass note.
Identify the correct definition for the term "concerto grosso"
A three movement composition that pits the sound of a small ground of soloists again that of the full orchestra.
Identify the statement that best applies to aria
All of these choices
Which statement best applies to opera
All of these choices
Known for the "spring concerto" first movement from the four seasons (solo concerto)
Antonio Vivaldi
Most influential composer in the development of the baroque concerto, skilled Violinist, lived and worked in Venice, Italy
Antonio Vivaldi
Nicknamed the red priest
Antonio Vivaldi
Wrote over 450 concertos
Antonio Vivaldi
Singing style which expresses feeling or emotion; all or part of the orchestra, including the basso continuo, accompanied the singer; clear meter, regular rhythms, and long coal melismas.
Aria
Known for the monody Voglio morire
Barbara strozzi
What were the style traits of early and middle baroque music?
Basso continuo, repetitive rhythmic patterns/song beat, idiomatic writing for instruments, standard chord professions and focus on the major and minor modes.
What were the genres of the early baroque?
Chamber cantata, opera, concerto, dance suite, sonata
Basso continuo
Characteristic feature of baroque music; consists of a small ensemble of at least two instrumentalists who provide a foundation for the melody
What were some styles, architecture, and music during the baroque?
Colossal size and scope, abundant/excessive ornamentation, dramatic contrasts, energetic movement.
What did the bass line represent during the baroques operas and cantatas?
Devious grief and sadness
Drama is completely sung throughout this period
Early baroque opera
flamboyant style
Energetic motion, change. Also used dramatic contrast
Tutti
Everybody; orchestra with soloists
Characteristics of the baroque music
Expressive melody and strong supporting bass
What were two constant elements in baroque music?
Expressive melody;strong supporting bass
Violin
Favorite baroque instrument for making music in the home
Which statement about the Italian "chamber cantata" is wrong?
Features elaborate scenery and costumes
Chamber cantata
Gender preformed by a solid voice and a few accompanying instruments; it's text usually is about the deeds of ancient hero's/heroines and mythology or unrequited love
Most prominent keyboard instrument of the baroque period
Harpsichord
Called the greatest of all English composers
Henry Purcell
Known for dido and Aeneas(opera), "thy hand, Belinda," and "when I am laid in earth" (recitative and aria)
Henry Purcell
Dido and Aeneas (1689)
Henry Purcell, one of the first operas written in english
Identify the one statement about Henry Purcell that is wrong
His concertos and trio sonatas were widely admired throughout Europe
Exploits the strengths and avoids the weaknesses of particular voices and instruments
Idiomatic writing
Baroque Orchestra
Included strings, winds (not clarinet), brass, percussion, and harpsichord; average of 20 performers
Canon..
Is played by 3 violins, all in the same range
Why is Orfeo important?
It was the first major opera in the history of Western music.
Known for sweet de symphonies, rondeau (court music)
Jean Joseph mouret
Served as a musician at the palace of Versailles
Jean Joseph mouret
Canon in d major (ostinato)
Johann pachelbel
Instrumental music composer and teacher
Johann pachelbel
Known for canon in D major
Johann pachelbel
What piece of music was strozzi know for?
L'amante segreto (1651) means the secret lover
What was the test called in early baroque opera?
Libretto
Which genre used ritornello form?
Solo concerto
What does Monody mean?
Solo song
Aria
Song like, legato melody, wider vocal range, clear beat and meter, accompanied by orchestra and basso continuo
Recitative
Speech like melody, narrow vocal range, weak beat, accompanied by basso continuo is
Ground bass
Synonym for basso continuo
Claudio monterverdi
The father of opera
Identify the one statement about Vivaldi's Violin Concerto in E major (the "Spring") that is NOT correct.
The first movement is in binary form and prominently features the oboes and bassoon in the tutti section.
Antonio Vivaldi was also known as
The red priest
Identify the correct definition of "melodic sequence"
The repetition of a musical motive a successively higher or lose degrees of the scale.
The full orchestra including soloists is called
The tutti
Idiomatic writing
Tremolos, trills, fast scales, broken chords
The solo concerto and concerto gross are virtually identical genres, which the exception that the concerto grosso features multiple soloists while the solo concert has only one.
True
What formed the core of the baroque orchestra?
Violin family of instruments
Antonio Vivaldi (1678-1741)
Violinist/composer most influential and prolific composer of the baroque concerto
Which aria is based on a basso ostinato pattern?
Voglio morire by strozzi
What was ground bass used in
When I am laid in earth, from purcells dido and aeneas
Ostinato
a musical figure, motive, melody, harmony, or rhythm that is repeated again and again
When and where did baroque music first appear?
around 1600 in Italy
What is the meaning of idiomatic writing?
exploiting the strengths, special abilities, and color of a particular instrument or voice while avoiding its weaknesses
What is a libretto?
text of an opera
What is the most distinctive feature of the concerto grosso?
the contrast in sound between the tutti and concertino
