Testing & Measurement - Chapters 9, 10, 13

method that tries to reasonably conclude the type of content that should measure the characteristic to be assessed; type of deductive strategy

logical-content strategy

Raw scores on the California Psychological Inventory (CPI) are converted into standard scores called _____ that have a mean of _____. a. T scores; 10 b. Z scores; 0 c. Sten scores; 50 d. T scores; 50

D

Cattell developed this personality test by first identifying all the adjectives that describe personality traits and then using statistical analyses to arrive at basic dimensions that accounted for all the trait variables. This test is the _____. a. 16PF b. CPI c. NEO-PI-R d. EPPS

A

Dr. Bunny found that the test item, "I would rather eat jelly beans on Monday than on Tuesday," successfully discriminated between people with schizophrenia and other psychiatric patients. If Dr. Bunny keeps the item on her Schizophrenia Test for this reason alone, she is probably using the _____ strategy of test construction. a. criterion-group b. logical content c. theoretical d. factor analytic

A

Frank is a loner who does not like to socialize with others. Frank is highly anxious in social situations because he is very insecure about his appearance and personality. Based on this information, Frank's NEO-PI-3 profile would probably show a high score on _____ and a low score on _____. a. neuroticism; extroversion b. conscientiousness; agreeableness c. extroversion; openness d. agreeableness; neuroticism

A

On all the Wechsler scales, subtest scores have a mean of _____ and a standard deviation of _____, whereas the Full Scale IQ has a mean of _____ and a standard deviation of _____. a. 10; 3; 100; 15 b. 15; 5; 500; 100 c. 100; 15; 10; 3 d. 10; 3; 50; 10

A

On the WAIS-IV, Digit Span and Arithmetic comprise the _____ Index, whereas Block Design, Matrix Reasoning, and Visual Puzzles comprise the _____ Index. a. Working Memory; Perceptual Reasoning b. Verbal Comprehension; Working Memory c. Processing Speed; Perceptual Reasoning d. Perceptual Reasoning; Verbal Comprehension

A

Research on the measurement of positive personality traits has found that _____. a. various measures of different positive personality traits are measuring a single construct b. positive and negative affect are two separate and unique constructs c. the presence of positive affect does not appear to minimize the effects of negative affect d. measures of positive personality traits are more reliable than measures of negative personality traits

A

The knowledge you have acquired through your academic studies would best be described in terms of _____. a. crystallized intelligence. b. g. c. IQ. d. fluid intelligence.

A

The standardization sample of the 1916 Stanford-Binet scale was inadequate in that _____. a. it was comprised exclusively of white children from California b. it was obtained in France but was used in testing American children c. it was comprised exclusively of children from rural areas d. only children between the ages of 6 and 12 were represented

A

Which of the following statements is FALSE with regard to the Woodworth Personal Data Sheet? a. It yielded several clinical scores and a "fake bad" score. b. It was a mass screening test (administered to groups rather than individuals one at a time). c. It was used to identify military recruits likely to break down in combat. d. It was the first personality inventory ever developed.

A

An examiner administering the WAIS-IV asks Julie a series of question such as "In what way are the sun and the moon alike?" The examiner is administering the _____ subtest. a. Comprehension b. Similarities c. Vocabulary d. Information

B

The gf-gc theory of intelligence is _____. a. the basis of the original and all subsequent revisions of the Binet scales of intelligence. b. a hierarchical model on which only the later versions of the Stanford-Binet are based. c. a single-factor model introduced by Spearman and used as the basis of the 2003 revision of the Stanford-Binet. d. no longer a viable model of intelligence in contemporary times.

B

Which Wechsler subtest is one of the most stable measures of general intelligence? a. Digit Span b. Vocabulary c. Comprehension d. Information

B

Which of the following is a problem of both the CPI and MMPI? a. very low test-retest reliability coefficients b. high inter-correlations among the subscales c. lack of standardized scoring procedures d. very few empirical studies documenting criterion validity

B

Which of the following is not correct with regard to the psychometric properties of the WAIS-III? a. Test-retest reliabilities of the Verbal, Performance, and Full Scale IQs are all very strong. b. Test-retest reliabilities of the subtests are all very strong. c. The standard error of measurement (SEM) for the Full Scale and Verbal IQs are smaller than the SEM for the Performance IQ. d. Internal consistency reliabilities for the non-speeded subtests are very strong.

B

Which of the following major concepts did Binet introduce in the 1908 Binet-Simon scale? a. intelligence quotient b. mental age c. crystallized intelligence d. deviation IQ

B

Jim is given a battery of tests, including the MMPI, in order to help determine whether he is competent to stand trial for attempted murder. Jim wants to avoid the trial as long as possible, because he believes the prosecutor's case against him is very strong. In other words, Jim is very invested in being found incompetent to stand trial due to severe psychological problems. Given this information, you might expect to see an elevation on which scale of the MMPI? a. the L scale b. the K scale c. the F scale d. the Si scale

C

Questions such as, "A man sells twelve apples at 25 cents apiece. How much money does he make?" might be found on the _____ subtest of the _____ scale of the WAIS-IV. a. Arithmetic; Performance b. Digit Span; Performance c. Arithmetic; Verbal d. Digit Span; Verbal

C

The concept of g refers to the ____. a. degree to which intelligence is genetically determined. b. level of giftedness demonstrated by examinees on an intelligence test. c. view that one general mental ability factor underlies all intelligent behavior. d. notion that gradations of performance are reflected in intelligence test scores.

C

Which of the following is false with regard to the psychometric properties of the 2003 (Fifth) edition of the Stanford-Binet? a. Internal consistency reliabilities for the three IQs are all above .90. b. Test-retest reliabilities are strong, but vary according to age level and time interval. c. Interscorer agreement was relatively low with average coefficients of .50-.60. d. Adequate convergent validity with other intelligence tests has been established.

C

Which subtest is included on the WPPSI-III, but not on the WAIS-III? a. Object Assembly b. Coding c. Animal Pegs d. Symbol Search

C

_____ is a standard score with a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 16 (later 15) that was first introduced in the 1960 revision of the Stanford-Binet. a. The intelligence quotient (IQ) b. Mental age (MA) c. The deviation IQ d. The g factor

C

If a 10-year-old child was found to have a mental age of 5 on the 1916 Stanford-Binet scale, the child's intelligent quotient (IQ) would be _____. a. 200 b. 150 c. 100 d. 50

D

A central problem of the 1937 revision of the Stanford-Binet scale was that _____. a. each age group in the standardization sample was comprised of 30 or fewer children b. the age range of examinees for whom the test was appropriate decreased significantly c. the reliability coefficients were approximately the same across age groups d. different age groups showed significant differences in the standard deviation of IQ scores

D

Administration of the modern Stanford-Binet requires examiners to continue testing until the _____. a. examinee passes all items on the routing tests b. examinee fails all items on the routing tests c. examinee's basal level is reached d. examinee's ceiling is reached

D

Currently, interpretations of the MMPI are based on _____. a. examination of single scale elevations b. comparisons of MMPI profiles with MMPI-2 profiles c. subjective judgments by experienced clinicians d. analysis of patterns of elevations across two or more scales

D

The WISC-V has _____ index scores. a. two b. three c. four d. five

D

The _____ is a personality test that yields ipsative scores. a. 16PF b. CPI c. NEO-PI-3 d. EPPS

D

To support legislation that recommends multiple assessments for the identification of children in need of special educational services, WPPSI-IV, like the earlier WPPSI-III, is compatible with measures of _____. a. neurological functioning b. major mental illnesses c. adaptive functioning d. sensory capabilities

D

Wechsler's criticisms of the Binet scales related to the _____. a. Binet scale's use of a point scale rather than an age scale b. lack of validity of Binet scale items designed for children c. failure of Binet to include any speeded (or timed) items d. Binet scale's inadequate measurement of adult intelligence

D

tendency to agree or to endorse a test item as true

acquiescence

discrimination based on the fact that older children have greater capabilities than do younger children

age differentiation

test in which items are grouped according to how old they are

age scale

level at which a minimum criterion number of correct responses is obtained

basal

part of the Wechsler Intelligence scale that measures nonverbal concept formation, abstract thinking, and neurocognitive impairment

block design subtest

collection of abilities that allows one to reason, think, and acquire new knowledge

fluid intelligence

certain number of incorrect responses in a test that indicate the items are too difficult

ceiling

independent research method that focuses on how humans adapt to real-world demands; approach to studying human intelligence

cognitive approach

part of the Wechsler Intelligence scale that measures judgment in everyday practical situations

comprehension subtest

method in which items are tested on the study group and contrasted with a control group; type of empirical strategy

criterion-group strategy

technique for determining how well a scale distinguishes an independent criterion sample

cross-validate

knowledge and understanding that one has acquired

crystallized intelligence

method that uses reason and logic to determine the meaning of a test response

deductive strategy

lowered performance compared with a previously higher level

deterioration

standard score with a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15

deviation IQ

part of the Wechsler Intelligence scale that measures short-term auditory memory

digit span subtest

part of the Wechsler Intelligence scale measuring ability to learn unfamiliar tasks and degree of persistence

digit symbol-coding subtest

method that relies on data collection and statistical analysis to determine the meaning of a test response

empirical strategy

method that uses statistics to derive, via observation, the dimensions of personality; type of empirical strategy

factor analytic strategy

case in which the test suggests an affirmative classification, yet the correct classification is negative

false positive

thought that is specific to an individual

idiosyncratic

part of the Wechsler Intelligence scale that measures a subject's range of knowledge

information subtest

independent research method that examines the processes that underlie how people learn and solve problems; approach to studying human intelligence

information-processing approach

person's ability to solve problems, adapt to changing circumstances, think abstractly, and profit from experience

intelligence

unit for expressing results of tests that measure one's general potential independent of previous learning

intelligence quotient (IQ)

test result presented in relative rather than absolute terms

ipsative score

part of the Wechsler Intelligence scale that measures information-processing and abstract-reasoning skills

matric reasoning subtest

measure of fluid intelligence; index from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV (WAIS-IV)

perceptual reasoning index

relatively stable and distinctive patterns of behavior that characterize an individual and his reactions

personality

set of emotional reactions that vary from one situation to another

personality states

relatively enduring disposition that is unique to an individual

personality trait

collection of general descriptions of individuals

personality types

testing in which individuals receive a specific amount of credit for each item passed

point scale

measure of how quickly a person's mind works; index from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV (WAIS-IV)

processing speed index

independent research method that examines the elemental structure of a test; approach to studying human intelligence

psychometric approach

tendency to mark a test item in a certain way irrespective of content

response style

organized and relatively consistent set of assumptions that a person has about himself

self-concept

survey that provides a list of statements about an individual and requires them to respond

self-report questionnaire

part of the Wechsler Intelligence scale that measures ability to see resemblance between apparently dissimilar objects

similarities subtest

method that tries to draw inferences about items based on a hypothesis about a particular personality trait; type of deductive strategy

theoretical strategy

measure of acquired knowledge and reasoning using words; index from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV (WAIS-IV)

verbal comprehension index

part of the Wechsler Intelligence scale that measures verbal comprehension

vocabulary subtest

information that is actively stored in a person's mind; index from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV (WAIS-IV)

working memory