Texas History Chapter 9.

Resolution

A formal statement of an opinion made by an official group

Skirmish

A minor fight usually during wartime

Land speculator

A person who buys land with the hope of selling it for a large profit.

Delegate

A representative of a group attending a formal meeting

Dictator

A ruler with absolute power

Epidemic

A situation in which a disease spreads rapidly through population.

Duty

A tax on imported goods

Decree

An order that has the force of law.

John Davis Bradburn

Believed that the two men had been spreading false rumors about letting the slaves free

Andrew Briscoe

Claimed that import duties were unfair because they were not being collected from other ports.

General Manuel Mier y Terán (What is stated on his report and concerns in Texas) Wrote a report about the growing American influence in Texas. He recommended that the Mexican government take action by placing more troops around the settlements, work to attract more Mexican and European settlers, and develop more trade between Texas and Mexico.

Concerned about the region, Mexican officials sent an inspection party to Texas, led by General Manuel de Mier y Terán. After touring Texas for about two months, Mier y Terán wrote his report. He expressed concern about the growing American influence in Texas. Mier y Terán made it clear that prompt action was essential. He recommended several steps. He urged the government to place more troops around the settlements, work to attract more Mexican and European settlers, and develop more trade between Texas and Mexico.

The Republic of Fredonia

Edwards seized a stone fort in Nacadoches and declared that the new "Republic of Fredonia" was now independent of Mexican control

Moses Austin

Founder of the American lead industry and the first man to obtain permission to bring Anglo- American settlers into Spanish Texas. Hard times caused him to go to Texas in 1820 and get the Spanish governors permission to settle 300 families in Texas. The grant was confirmed in 1821, but Moses died without realizing his settlement plans. His son Stephen F. Austin took up the plans.

Nacogdoches land grant

Haden Edwards was requesting people to get off his land. Once his land grant got taken away, he started the Fredonian Rebellion. Allowed Haden Edwards to settle 800 families in the area. People living on the land had to pay a fee.

Benjamin Edwards

Haden's brother, decided to take bold action. Enlisting the support of Richard Fields, a Cherokee chief, Benjamin and a small band of followers proclaimed the creation of a new independent state. They called it the Republic of Fredonia and signed a Declaration of Independence on December 21, 1826. They raised a red and white flag bearing the words "Independence, Liberty, Justice" and prepared to defend themselves in a building called the Old Stone Fort. The Edwards brothers asked for help from Austin's colony and from the United States, but they received no assistance. Stephen F. Austin even helped the Mexican government put down the revolt. When Mexican troops from San Antonio approached Nacogdoches in January 1827, the Fredonian Rebellion collapsed. Some of the Fredonians were captured, but most fled across the Sabine River into the United States.

General Martin Perfecto de Cós

He intended to arrest several Texas critics of Santa Anna. His demands were resisted; a force of Texans under Stephen F. Austin and Edward Burlesonqqv held the Mexican troops in the siege of Bexar until Cos surrendered after an attack led by Benjamin R. Milam in December 1835.He was taken prisoner by Sam Houston in the general surrender and later released, after which he returned to Mexico and in the Mexican War commanded a post at Tuxpan. Cos died in Minatitlán, Vera Cruz, on October 1, 1854, while serving as commandant general and political chief of the Tehuantepec territory.

Haden Edwards

In 1825 he received an Empresario grant in east Texas near the U.S boarder. He found that there were many people living on the land including squatters. Was angry about the people on his land. He posted notices saying that people need to produce legal documents for their land. He also said they could live there if they pay him a fee. Settlers who had lived there for years had no documents to show, and could not pay his fee so they wrote to the Mexican government, and they said they could stay. He wanted his son-in-law to be the Alcalde of Nacadoches for money and power. He overturned the election and put his son-in-law in the position. Mexican Governor Blanco reversed the election decision and took away Edwards land grant. Lost $ .

Convention of 1833

In addition to adopting the resolutions similar to those proposed in 1832, a state constitution was drafted at the Convention of 1833

The law of April 6, 1830

On April 6, 1830 the government of Mexico issued a law based on many of Mier y Terán's recommendations. What became known as the Law of April 6, 1830, had a significant impact on Texas. The Law of April 6, 1830, also set up new forts. Soldiers in the forts would prevent smuggling, the introduction of additional enslaved people, and illegal land speculation. Mexico discouraged trade between foreign nations and Texas by placing taxes called duties on goods made in foreign nations. The government took this step to try to increase trade between Texas and Mexico Encouraged Mexican and European families to immigrate to Texas, and stopped immigration from the United States

The Turtle Bayou Resolutions

On June 12, 1832, Anglo-American settlers opposed to the rule of Mexican commander John Davis Bradburn fled from Anahuac north to the crossing on Turtle Bayou near James Taylor White's ranchhouse. White was not a participant in the attack against Anahuac (see ANAHUAC DISTURBANCES), being a loyal supporter of its commander. The Texas rebels had just learned that the antiadministration Federalist army had won a significant victory under the leadership of Antonio López de Santa Anna. Taking advantage of this favorable news, they verbally aligned themselves with the Federalist cause by composing the Turtle Bayou Resolutions, which explained their attack against the Centralist troops at Anahuac. They were not Anglos attacking a Mexican garrison, but Federalist sympathizers opposing a Centralist commandant as part of the civil war that had been in progress for two years between the Centralist administration of Anastasio Bustamante and those wanting to return to the Constitution of 1824.

Slavery

Refers to condition in which individuals are owned by others, who control where they live and at what they work

Convention of 1832

Resulted in proposals that would never be presented to the Mexican government, including the request that Texas be ,are a separate state.

Austin arrested

Stephen F Austin was arrested and imprisoned by Mexicans in 1833 for treason. He was an American empressario often referred to as the "Father of Texas" for leading the colonization of the region in the nineteenth century. For writing letters

Fredonian Rebelion

The Fredonian Rebellion was a minor incident, and the rebels had little support among Anglo Americans. Nevertheless it worried Mexican officials.They thought the revolt was part of an American scheme to acquire Texas. In fact, the United States had offered to buy Texas in 1827 and 1829. A republic created by the followers of Haden Edwards

The Constitution

The War party was in favor of this

Commerce

The buying and selling of goods and services

Provisions of the law

The government used the law to encourage the immigration of Mexican and European families to Texas with generous land grants and financial assistance. A key part of the law was Article II, which stopped immigration from the United States into Texas. It also suspended most empresario contracts that had not been fulfilled. This part of the law read as follows:

The Old stone fort

They raised a red and white flag bearing the words "Independence, Liberty, Justice" and prepared to defend themselves in a building called the Old Stone Fort

Import

To bring in goods form foreign countries

Repeal

To recall or do away with a law

Stephen F. Austin

Was the founde of Anglo-American Texas, son of Moses Austin. Was born at the lead mines in southwestern Virginia on November 3, 1793. Was an American Empresario born in Virginia and raised in southeastern Missouri. Known as the Father of Texas, he lead the second, and ultimately successful, colonization of the region bringing 300 families from the United States to the region. He was not a fan of Haden Edwards.

Patrick Jack

Went to jail because False rumors were spread

William B. Travis

Went to jail because False rumors were spread

Santa Anna

While this conflict was taking place in Texas, General Antonio López de Santa Anna, a Federalist, was leading a revolt against Centralist president Anastacio Bustamante (uh•nuhs•TAH•see•oh boos•tah•MAHN•tay). Bustamante was unpopular with Texans, who believed his Centralist rule went against the Mexican Constitution of 1824. Santa Anna, on the other hand, had promised to follow the constitution, which most Texans supported. A Federalist officer took charge at Anahuac. He declared support for Santa Anna, closed the fort, and moved his troops to Mexico to join the fight against the Centralists.

Anahuac

a tax collector at Anahuac attempted to collect duties on goods as far away as the Brazos River. At that time, a small number of Mexican troops were stationed at the mouth of the Brazos River, but there was no tax collector. To process the necessary papers to pay these duties, ship captains on the Brazos were expected to dock and travel long distances overland to Anahuac. This angered the ship captains, and some of them took their ships upriver without stopping at the mouth of the Brazos for clearance. This resulted in the exchange of gunfire between Texans and Mexican troops. A port located at the mouth of the Trinity River, where taxes were collected.