The Endocrine System
What is triiodothyronine?
A thyroid hormone secreted from the thyroid gland
Which of the following is NOT released from the adrenal gland?
Aldosterone
A secondary endocrine organ is____
An organ that secretes hormones, but is better known for another function
What hormones is secreted by the heart
Atrial natriuretic peptide
Which of the following hormones regulates plasma calcium levels?
Both calcitonin and parathyroid hormone
the thyroid gland secretes what hormone?
Both thyroid hormones and calcitonin
What layer of the adrenal cortex secretes androgens?
Both zonae reticularis and fasciculata
What cells secrete epinephrine from the adrenal medulla?
Chromaffin cells
Which of the following best describes the mechanism of insulin catabolism in target cells?
Degradation by insulin-degrading enzyme following receptor-mediated endocytosis
Which of the following is an incorrect association between pancreatic cell type and hormone secreted?
Epsilon cells secrete calcitonin
Which of the following correctly describes a pathway for secretion of a hormone under the control of tropic hormones?
GHRH stimulates GH release, which stimulates insulin-like growth factor release
Which of the following hormones is NOT secreted by the endocrine region of the pancreas?
Glucocorticoids
Which of the following is a correct example of long-loop negative feedback?
Glucocorticoids inhibit the release of CRH
Which tropic hormone is responsible for controlling the release of follicle stimulating hormone from the anterior pituitary?
Gonadotropin releasing hormone
What ensure(s) that blood levels of a specific releasing hormone are locally high in order to stimulate the pituitary?
Hypothalamic-pituitary portal system
Which of the following endocrine organs is located in the brain?
Hypothalamus
A person has a tumor in the anterior pituitary causing a decrease in ACTH secretion. Which of the following correctly describes changes in plasma levels of hormones?
Increased CRH, decreased ACTH, and decreased cortisol
Which of the following changes in plasma levels would be observed in a primary hyposecretion of cortisol?
Increased CRH, increased ACTH, and decreased cortisol
A person has a tumor in the hypothalamus causing an excess in TRH secretion. Which of the following correctly describes changes in plasma levels of hormones?
Increased TRH, increased TSH, and increased thyroid hormones
What region of the adrenal gland secretes epinephrine?
Medulla
The release of ____ from the pineal gland is important for establishing ____
Melatonin: Circadian rhythm
What is another name for the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland?
Neurohypohysis
What hormone released by pituitary functions in uterine contraction and milk letdown in the breast?
Oxytocin
Which of the following hormones is NOT secreted by gonads?
Oxytocin
What anterior pituitary hormone is NOT a tropic hormone?
Prolactin
Which of the following is NOT a hormone released from the anterior pituitary?
Prolactin inhibiting hormone
Which of the following tropic hormones is a catecholamine?
Prolactin-inhibiting hormone
Secretion of hormones from the anterior pituitary is stimulated by ____ released from the ____
Releasing hormones : hypothalamus
Abnormal hormone secretions from an endocrine gland due to altered tropic hormone release are called _____
Secondary secretion disorders
When the response to two hormones is greater than the sum of the individual responses, the response is described as ____
Synergistic
Which of the following is a correct example of short-loop negative feedback?
TSH inhibits the release of TRH
What layer of the adrenal cortex secretes mineralocorticoids?
Zona glomerulosa
when the response to two hormones is equal to the sum of their individual responses, the response is described as _____
additive
Where does the neural input for circadian rhythmicity of hypothalamic tropic hormones originate?
suprachiasmatic nucleus