The Peripheral Nervous System, Chapter 13

B

1) Which division detects stimuli of the general senses and special senses? A) visceral motor division (autonomic nervous system) B) somatic sensory division C) visceral sensory division D) somatic motor division

D

10) Where is the motor response initiated? A) cranial nerves B) spinal nerves C) lower motor neurons of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) D) motor areas of the brain

D

11) What is cranial nerve VIII? A) trigeminal nerve B) facial nerve C) glossopharyngeal nerve D) vestibulocochlear nerve

B

12) The vagus nerve is represented by Roman numeral: A) I. B) X. C) V. D) XII.

D

13) Which cranial nerve is generally thought of as a mixed nerve? A) hypoglossal nerve (XII) B) vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII) C) accessory nerve (XI) D) glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)

C

14) Which cranial nerve is NOT involved in eye movement? A) oculomotor nerve (III) B) abducens nerve (VI) C) vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII) D) trochlear nerve (IV)

A

15) The cranial nerves that have neural connections with the tongue include all of the following EXCEPT: A) trochlear nerve (IV). B) trigeminal nerve (V). C) facial nerve (VII). D) glossopharyngeal nerve (IX).

B

16) Which cranial nerve detects smell? A) optic nerve (II) B) olfactory nerve (I) C) oculomotor nerve (III) D) trochlear nerve (IV)

D

17) An inability to swallow indicates a problem with the: A) accessory nerve (XI) or hypoglossal nerve (XII). B) olfactory nerve (I). C) trochlear nerve (IV) or abducens nerve (VI). D) trigeminal nerve (V) or glossopharyngeal nerve (IX).

C

18) Ms. Parker has damage to the sensory root of the facial nerve (VII). Which of the following symptoms matches this information? A) inability to elevate the mandible B) inability to swallow C) inability to taste D) inability to smell

C

19) Loss of balance and equilibrium can indicate damage to the: A) hypoglossal nerve (XII). B) accessory nerve (XI). C) vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII). D) trochlear nerve (IV).

A

2) You feel a mosquito land on your arm. This stimulus is carried to the central nervous system (CNS) by the: A) somatic sensory division. B) visceral sensory division. C) visceral motor division (autonomic nervous system). D) somatic motor division.

B

20) Where does the motor portion of the facial nerve (VIII) originate? A) midbrain B) nuclei in the pons and medulla C) tongue D) cerebral cortex

D

21) What controls the movement of rectus abdominis, a skeletal muscle on the anterior surface of the body? A) posterior ramus B) posterior (dorsal) root ganglion C) posterior root D) anterior ramus

C

22) Which of the following is INCORRECT about the numbers of spinal nerves? A) 5 pairs of sacral spinal nerves B) 5 pairs of lumbar spinal nerves C) 7 pairs of cervical spinal nerves D) 12 pairs of thoracic spinal nerves

A

23) Which of the following carries sensory information only? A) posterior (dorsal) root B) anterior root C) posterior ramus D) anterior ramus

C

24) The anterior root and posterior root fuse to form a(n): A) anterior horn. B) posterior (dorsal) root ganglion. C) spinal nerve. D) posterior horn.

B

25) A network of nerves is known as a: A) ramus. B) plexus. C) root. D) horn.

A

26) During a boxing match, Sammy was hit on the side of the neck. He stopped breathing temporarily due to damage to the: A) cervical plexus. B) sacral plexus. C) brachial plexus. D) lumbar plexus.

A

27) Which plexus provides motor and sensory innervation to the upper limb? A) brachial plexus B) cranial plexus C) sacral plexus D) lumbar plexus

A

28) The phrenic nerve is a member of the: A) cervical plexus. B) brachial plexus. C) sacral plexus. D) lumbar plexus.

C

29) Which of the following does NOT belong to the brachial plexus? A) musculocutaneous nerve B) median nerve C) phrenic nerve D) ulnar nerve

D

3) The sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system are divisions of the: A) somatic sensory division. B) somatic motor division. C) visceral sensory division. D) visceral motor division (autonomic nervous system).

C

30) Striking the "funny" bone is actually stimulation (or injury) to the: A) axillary nerve. B) radial nerve. C) ulnar nerve. D) median nerve.

C

31) What do most of the anterior rami of the thoracic spinal nerves serve? A) median nerves B) brachial nerves C) intercostal nerves D) phrenic nerves

D

32) The longest and largest nerve in the body belongs to the sacral plexus and is known as the: A) femoral nerve. B) common fibular nerve. C) axillary nerve. D) sciatic nerve.

A

33) Olfactory receptors depolarize in response to an odorant, turning a stimulus into an electrical signal. This conversion is known as: A) sensory transduction. B) repolarization. C) propagation. D) adaptation.

B

34) Sensory transduction occurs in: A) upper motor neurons. B) PNS sensory neurons. C) CNS interneurons. D) lower motor neurons.

B

35) Sensory receptors that adapt to stimuli after a certain period of time are: A) thermoreceptors. B) rapidly adapting receptors. C) nociceptors. D) slowly adapting receptors.

C

36) The stretch of a full urinary bladder is detected by a(n): A) exteroceptor. B) photoreceptor. C) interoceptor. D) thermoreceptor.

A

37) Potentially damaging stimuli that result in pain are selectively detected by: A) nociceptors. B) photoreceptors. C) chemoreceptors. D) proprioceptors.

C

38) Photoreceptors are found only in the: A) nose. B) ear. C) eye. D) mouth.

C

39) Your wrap your hands around a warm cup of hot chocolate. This sensation is detected by a: A) hair follicle receptor. B) chemoreceptor. C) thermoreceptor. D) photoreceptor.

A

4) Which division of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) detects stimuli and carries them to the central nervous system (CNS)? A) sensory B) motor C) autonomic D) sympathetic

B

40) Which mechanoreceptor detects deep pressure? A) Merkel cell fiber B) lamellated corpuscle C) Ruffini ending D) tactile corpuscle

B

41) Mechanoreceptors might detect which of the following sensations? A) smell B) pressure C) temperature D) light

B

42) The speed of nerve impulse transmission through the axon of a sensory neuron will be quickest in: A) axons that adapt to stimuli. B) a large-diameter, myelinated axon. C) axons with a greater receptive field. D) a small-diameter, unmyelinated axon.

A

43) A region of skin has a great number of sensory neurons, and each neuron has a relatively small receptive field. The two-point discrimination threshold for this skin region might be: A) 5 mm. B) 15 mm. C) 25 mm. D) 40 mm.

D

44) A test known as two-point discrimination threshold measures: A) the type of mechanoreceptor being stimulated. B) the amount of pressure we can sustain before feeling pain. C) the type of sensory neuron serving a region of skin. D) the relative size of receptive fields.

C

45) Regions of skin supplied by a spinal nerve for somatic sensation are known as: A) lines of cleavage. B) the rule of nines. C) dermatomes. D) the ABCDE rule.

C

46) Ms. Carroll went to her doctor's office with pain in her right shoulder blade and learned she was having a gallbladder attack. You're not surprised to hear about the unusual location of her pain since it is known as: A) the receptive field. B) phantom limb pain. C) referred pain. D) chronic pain.

C

47) Visceral pain may be perceived as cutaneous pain, a phenomenon known as: A) phantom limb pain. B) slowly adapting reception. C) referred pain. D) the receptive field.

C

48) What part of the nervous system integrates and interprets information from PNS sensory neurons? A) sensory (afferent) division B) visceral motor division, or autonomic nervous system (ANS) C) central nervous system (CNS) D) somatic nervous system (SNS)

C

49) What connects the upper motor neurons to lower motor neurons? A) primary afferent neuron B) sensory neurons C) interneurons D) muscle fibers

D

5) What is the outermost connective tissue covering of a nerve? A) endoneurium B) perineurium C) epimysium D) epineurium

D

50) What type of neuron contacts a muscle fiber and initiates a muscle contraction? A) sensory neuron B) upper motor neuron C) interneuron D) lower motor neuron

B

51) What type of motor neuron stimulates skeletal muscle fibers to contract by the excitation-contraction mechanism? A) upper motor neuron B) α-motor neuron C) interneuron D) γ-motor neuron

D

52) Motor neurons pools consist of: A) upper motor neurons. B) primary afferent neurons. C) secondary afferent neurons. D) lower motor neurons.

C

53) Place the following steps in order for motor control. 1. Upper motor neurons stimulate lower motor neurons. 2. Sensory information is relayed back to the cerebellum so movement can be modified if needed. 3. Upper motor neurons in the premotor cortex select a motor program. 4. Lower motor neurons stimulate a skeletal muscle to contract. 5. The basal nuclei enable the thalamus to stimulate upper motor neurons of the primary cortex. A) 3, 5, 1, 2, 4 B) 2, 5, 3, 1, 4 C) 3, 5, 1, 4, 2 D) 5, 3, 1, 4, 2

B

54) Which of the following does NOT characterize a reflex? A) A reflex is an automatic response to a stimulus. B) Neural integration of a reflex usually occurs in the PNS. C) Reflexes require a stimulus to initiate a motor response. D) The motor response to a stimulus is rapid.

B

55) Which of the following must occur first in a reflex arc? A) delivery of motor response to effector B) detection by receptor and delivery of stimulus C) integration in the central nervous system (CNS) D) transmission from the primary motor cortex

C

56) What type of sensory receptors are muscle spindles and Golgi tendon organs? A) nociceptor B) thermoreceptor C) mechanoreceptor D) chemoreceptors

D

57) What is NOT true of muscle spindles? A) Muscle spindles are embedded within extrafusal muscle fibers. B) The contractile poles of intrafusal fibers within muscle spindles are innervated by γ-motor neurons. C) Muscle spindles are receptors for the stretch reflex. D) Muscle spindles are found within tendons.

D

58) A reflex with a single synapse between the sensory and motor neurons within the spinal cord is known as a: A) somatic reflex. B) visceral reflex. C) polysynaptic reflex. D) monosynaptic reflex.

C

59) Determine the polysynaptic reflex from this list of examples. A) jaw-jerk reflex B) patellar (knee-jerk) reflex C) flexion (withdrawal) reflex D) simple stretch reflex

D

6) Mixed nerves house: A) sensory neurons only. B) motor neurons only. C) somatic neurons only. D) both sensory and motor neurons.

B

60) What reflex causes muscle relaxation? A) crossed-extension reflex B) Golgi tendon reflex C) stretch reflex D) flexion (withdrawal) reflex

B

61) The inability to produce a gag reflex could indicate a problem with the: A) facial nerve (VII) or trigeminal nerve (V). B) glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) or vagus nerve (X). C) abducens nerve (VI) or trochlear nerve (IV). D) hypoglossal nerve (XII) or vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII).

C

62) Which of the following complements the flexion (withdrawal) reflex? A) Golgi tendon reflex B) gag reflex C) crossed-extension reflex D) stretch reflex

A

63) In the crossed-extension reflex, if the right leg flexes, then the left leg: A) extends. B) abducts. C) flexes. D) adducts.

A

64) What cranial nerves are involved in the sensory and the motor roles for the corneal blink reflex? A) trigeminal nerve (V) as sensory; facial nerve (VII) as motor B) optic nerve (II) as sensory, oculomotor nerve (III) as motor C) trochlear nerve (IV) as sensory, abducens nerve (VI) as motor D) glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) as sensory, oculomotor nerve (III) as motor

TRUE

65) The somatic sensory division of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) carries stimuli from both general and special senses to the central nervous system (CNS). TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

66) Cranial nerves and spinal nerves are the two types of nerves found in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

67) The visceral motor division (autonomic nervous system) controls the body's voluntary motor functions. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

68) Twelve pairs of cranial nerves transmit information to and from the brain. TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

69) The first pair of cranial nerves is the optic nerve (I). TRUE OR FALSE

D

7) Which of the following houses motor neurons? A) central canal of the spinal cord B) posterior root of spinal nerve C) posterior root ganglion D) anterior root of spinal nerve

FALSE

70) The hypoglossal nerve (XII) and glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) are both involved in taste sensation. TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

71) The posterior (dorsal) root of a spinal nerve and the posterior ramus are considered mixed nerves since they both carry sensory and motor information. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

72) The lumbar nerve plexuses arise from the anterior rami of L1 - L4 and innervate structures of the pelvis and lower limb. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

73) Proprioceptors are located in the musculoskeletal system where they detect the movement and position of a joint or body part. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

74) Interoceptors detect stimuli from the inside of the body, such as blood pressure, stretch of a full urinary bladder, and the body's temperature. TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

75) Receptive field maps show the regions of skin and the spinal nerve that supplies somatic sensation to them. TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

76) Motor control is initiated by lower motor neurons and transmitted to upper motor neurons by interneurons situated within the CNS. TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

77) Upper motor neurons directly contact and stimulate skeletal muscle fibers to contract. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

78) Reflexes are programmed, automatic, and rapid responses to stimuli. TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

79) The simple stretch reflex employs mechanoreceptors known as Golgi tendon organs to detect the degree of stretch experienced by a muscle. TRUE OR FALSE

A

8) What connective tissue sheath wraps the axon of a neuron? A) endoneurium B) fascicle C) epineurium D) perineurium

A

80) Cervical plexus

C

81) Lumbar plexus

D

82) Sacral plexus

B

83) Brachial plexus

A

84) Nerve plexus that includes the phrenic nerve

D

85) Nerve plexus that includes the sciatic nerve

A

86) Olfactory bulb (synapses with Cranial nerve I)

D

87) Abducens nerve

B

88) Oculomotor nerve

C

89) Cranial nerve IV

B

9) Bundles of axons within a nerve are known as: A) dendrites. B) fascicles. C) the endoneurium. D) the perineurium.

E

90) Cranial nerve XII