The Restoration and the 18th Century
Anne
1702- James II daughter; last of the Stuarts; died in 1714
the 1689 Bill of Rights
Act in Parliament allowed the propertied classes to rule through an ELECTED Parliament
The Glorious Revolution
Celebrating no bloodshed when William and Mary took the throne from James II
the Stuarts
Charles II through Anne
James II
Charles II's brother; ousted by Parliament in 1688; fled to France
Robinson Crusoe
Daniel DeFoe's novel which tells the tale of a shipwrecked man; was published to enormous success in 1719
George I
Didn't speak English; closest Protestant relative to James I; took over throne after Anne's death
George II
Didn't speak English; didn't like England
The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
Edward Gibbon's renowned work of the Age of Reason
the Age of Reason
Emphasized rational thinking& encouraged people to replace emotions with rational thought
the House of Hanover
George I-III
the Act of Settlement
In order to prevent the next English monarch from being Catholic, Parliament passed this act stating that they would appoint the next Protestant relative of James I to the monarchy.
"A Modest Proposal"
Swift's pamphlet that was written to call attention tothe abuses inflicted in Irish Catholics by well-to-do English Protestants; Juvenalian satire
Godwin Swift
Swift's uncle who raised him after the death of his father
the Pestilence
a plague that passed to humans from the fleas of rats
George III
born and educated in England; King during the American Revolution
wit
cleverness
the Great Fire of 1666
destroyed 13,000 houses & 88 churches in 4 days; started in a bakery on Pudding Lane
Sir Isaac Newton
discovered the laws of gravity & invented calculus
capitalists
had money and owned factories
James Hargreaves
invented the spinning jenny
James Watt
invented the steam engine
the Act of Union
joined Scotland & England to form Great Britain
satire
lit. that exposes to ridicule the vices or follies of people or societies through devices such as exaggeration, incongruity, parody, reversal, and sarcasm
Jonathan Swift
parents are English, but he was born in Ireland, sent to live with his uncle, could read @ the age of 3, 14 when graduated, became an Anglican priest in Ireland, quit and went back to England- well informed & wrote political pamplets. and hated human's faults
The Tatler and The Spectator
popular periodicals of the 18th century
Mary & William
queen & daughter of Charles II; William was a Dutch Protestant; Mary replaced the unpopular James II
Charles II
restored the English monarchy after the Commonwealth; ruled 1660- 1685; the Merry Monarch
juvenalian satire
satire that mercilessly ridicules; contains scathing, savage remarks about its target
horation satire
satire that mildly pokes fun at its subject
forms of entertainment
spas, gambling, prize fighting, animal baiting
Mrs. Elizabeth Montagu
started a women's book club called the "bluestockings" to have political discussions @ home
the Industrial Revolution
technology developed, factories opened, & people moved from rural areas to form urban cities
verbal irony
the main weapon of the satirist; a figure of speech in which words are used to ridicule a person or thing by conveying a meaning that is the opposite of what the words say
