The Second New Deal

Social Security Act

A 1935 law that created a pension (retirement) system for older Americans (65+), unemployment insurance, and aid for women, children, and the disabled.

Fair Labor Standards Act

A 1938 act that provided for a minimum hourly wage at 25 cents, set the workweek at 44 hours, and banned child labor.

Works Progress Administration (WPA)

A New Deal agency that helped create 9 million jobs working on bridges, roads, and buildings.

Second New Deal

A new set of programs promoted by FDR in the spring of 1935 including additional banking reforms, new tax laws, new relief programs; also known as the Second Hundred Days.

John Maynard Keynes

British economist who argued in favor of deficit spending to end economic depression. Deficit spending means the government puts itself in debt.

court packing

Term used to describe the proposal by President Roosevelt to appoint one new Supreme Court justice for every sitting justice over the age of 70 who had been there for at least 10 years. His goal was to prevent justices from dismantling the New Deal. In the end, it was not implemented.