The Solar System

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How is the age of the solar system estimated?

The age of the solar system is estimated by the dating of rocks.

The inner planets are called terrestrial because they

are small and highly dense.

Ptolemy proposed that the sun, moon, and planets orbited Earth in

circles.

Tides are observed around Earth's

coastal areas

Aristotle first proposed that _____ was at the center of the solar system.

earth

_____ is the only planet in the solar system known to sustain life

earth

Including Earth, there are _____ planets in the solar system

eight

Kepler correctly proposed that the planets orbited the sun in _____ orbits.

elliptical

All five outer planets are

far away from the sun

When Earth is between the sun and the moon, the moon is in its ____________________ phase.

full moon

Pluto, unlike the other outer planets, is not a ____________________.

gas giant

A ____________________ model of the solar system has Earth at the center.

geo centric

The solar system is held together by ____________________.

gravity

Earth's atmosphere helps keep out ____________________.

harmful radiation / space debris

Earth's atmosphere protects it from

high-energy solar particles. ultraviolet radiation. space debris.

A gas giant often has ____________________ satellites than a terrestrial planet.

more

Earth is one of many ____________________ in the solar system.

planets

Gas giants are known for their

ring structures.

Saturn is known for having the most extensive ____________________ in the solar system.

ring system

Most comets come from

the Oort cloud.

The planets closest to the sun are called ____________________.

the inner or terrestrial planets

Tides on Earth are caused primarily by

the moon's gravitational force

Comets are probably made from leftover matter from the formation of

the solar system.

All of the planets in the solar system orbit around ____________________.

the sun

All planets in the solar system revolve around

the sun

Venus is known for its

thick atmosphere

A gas giant has a ____________________ atmosphere.

thick; gaseous

The nebular model explains

why the inner and outer planets differ. why the planets are all widely separated. the presence of comets and asteroids.

Why does the moon have phases?

As the moon orbits Earth, varying portions of the moon's illuminated surface are visible from Earth.

The moon orbits

Earth

The moon orbits ____________________ at a distance of 385, 000 km

Earth

The moon's gravitational field is the primary cause of ____________________.

Earth's tides

What are the characteristics of gas giants?

Gas giants have deep, massive atmospheres, low densities, many satellites, and rings.

The Great Red Spot, a hurricane-like storm with twice the diameter of Earth, is found on

Jupiter.

The asteroid belt exists between Mars and

Jupiter.

Olympus Mons, a volcano on _____, is the largest volcano in the solar system.

Mars

From Earth, _____ is a planet visible to the naked eye.

Mercury

List the planets of the solar system, from closest to farthest from the sun.

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto.

In 1687, _____ explained that gravitational forces hold the solar system together.

Newton

List the planets of the solar system, from smallest to largest.

Pluto, Mercury, Mars, Venus, Earth, Uranus, Neptune, Saturn, Jupiter

Where is the asteroid belt located?

The asteroid belt is located between Mars and Jupiter, and is regarded as the boundary between the inner and outer planets.

Compare and contrast the inner and outer planets.

The inner planets are small, dense, and rocky, with few if any satellites, and are closest to the sun. The outer planets are mostly large, with thick gaseous atmospheres, no real surface, extensive ring structures, and many satellites. They are also farthest from the sun.

What is the solar system composed of?

The solar system is composed of the sun, the planets, their satellites, and many other smaller objects.

How is the solar system held together?

The solar system is held together by gravitational forces, balanced by the forward motion of all its components.

____________________ is the closet star to Earth.

The sun

____________________ is the only planet tilted on its side.

Uranus


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