The Thigh and the Knee joint

Medial compartment or Adductor compartment muscles

Adductor Longus Adductor brevis Adductor Magnus Pectineus Gracilis Obturator externous

Name the three compartments of the thigh

Anterior Compartment Adductor Compartment Hamstring Compartment (The linea aspera of the femur serves as insertion and separation of the three compartments

Base- Inguinal ligament lateral-sartorius m medial- adductor magnus roof-skin, tela subcutanea fascia lata Floor iliposas and pectineous

Boundaries of the femoral (Scarpa's) triangle

Anterior compartment

Compartment of the thigh that flexes the hip and extends the knee

-Dense fascia of the THIGH -Attaches to the inguinal ligament - Defect on fascia lata ( saphenous hiatus, fossa ovalis); great saphenous enters and drains into femoral vein -Thickens laterally and form the iliotibial tract (attaches to lateral condyle of the tibia Gerdy's tubercle) -Tensor fasciae latae & gluteus maximus attach to IT tract

Fascia lata

NAVEL femoral nerve Femoral sheath femoral arery femoral vein femoral canal empthy space lymphatics

Femoral Triangle

Can be palpated 2 to 3 cm to the mid point of the inguinal ligament

Femoral pulse

3 subfascial spaces of the leg

Femoral triangle , adductor canal, poplatial fossa

Iliotibial tract

Form by the thickening of the Fasia lata attach to Gerdy's Tubercle on the tibia

O: inferior ramus of the pubis I: medial surface of the tibia (pes anserinus) A: flexes the knee the leg at the knee. adducts the thigh

Gracilis Muscle

Muscle from the anterior compartment of the thigh O: lumbar vertebrae I: lesser trochanter of the femur N: ventral rami of lumbar nerves (Most powerful flexor of the thigh)

Iliopsoas Muscle

Muscle that originates from the lumbar vertebrae and fuses with the iliacus m. Inserts in the lesser throchanter of the femur Innervated by the ventral rami of lumbar nerves

Iliopsoas Muscle

-Ligament that extends from the anterior superior iliac spine to the pubic tubercle -Boundary between the trunk and thigh. -the femoral triangle lies below it.

Inguinal ligament

Adductor Compartment

Muscles on this compartment O: Pubis I: Femur N: Obturator n. A: adduct the thigh at hip joint

Medial Compartment (adductor Compartment)

Obturator nerve

Exceptions to the Nerve stimulation of the ADDuctor compartment of the thigh

Pectineous muscle -femoral n Adductor magnus- obturatorn/tibial n

- Consider part of the adductor compartment -innervated by Obturator n and femoral n -Consider and exception of because it not only adducts but it also Flexes the thigh

Pectineus Muscle

O: superior ramus of pubis bone I: Pectineal line on thefemur N: femoral n. & obturator n. A: Adducts and flexes the thigh

Pectineus Muscle Origin and Insertion

-Innervated by the femoral nerve -Major extensor of the leg at the knee -Largest muscle of the body (4 headed muscle) -O: femur/ASIS -I: tibial tuberosity of the tibia (tendon contains the patella, largest sesamoid in the body, called ligamentum patellae). - Tapping the ligamentum patellae elicit quadriceps reflex.

Quadriceps femoris

Quadriceps muscle that takes origin in the ASIS, that flexes the thigh and extends the knee

Rectus Femoris

Name the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh

Sartorious Quadriceps Ilipsoas Tensor fasciae latae

What are the exception muscles to the anterior compartment ?

Sartorius - felxes the knee Iliopsoas Tensor Fasiae latae -This muscles have other functions not only extending the knee

Longest muscle of the body that flexes the hip and the knee

Sartorius Muscle

Name the muscle O:Anterior superior iliac spine I: form pes anserius with Semitendinosus and gracilis inserts on the tibia N: femoral n A: Flexes the hip at the knee - Part of the Anterior compartment

Sartorius muscle

Posterior Compartment Hamstring Compartment

Sciatic nerve

Muscles of the Posterior Hamstring Compartment

Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Biceps Femoris (Adductor Magnus) double innervation, Tibal portion of sciatic n. extends at the hip, obturator n. adducts

Muscle innervated by Superior gluteal n. Part of the Anterior Compartment O: ASIS I: Iliotibial tract A: Abducts , Flexes the thigh, keeps knee extended

Tensor Fasciae latae

Exceptions to the Adductor Compartment

This muscles not only ADDuct -Pectineous ; flex the thigh (obturator n, femoral n.) -Gracilis ; flex at the knee (forms the PES ANSERINUS by inserting with the tendons of the sartorius and semitendinosus) -ADDuctor Magnus; consider part of the hamstring compartment , Extend the thigh at the hip (tibial n), obturator n, adducts -Obturator Externus; short lateral rotator of the hip

Name the 4 muscles of the Quadriceps femoris

Vastus medialis Vasturs lateralis Vastus intermedius Rectus femoris

Quadriceps femoris muscles that take origin in the femur and extend at the knee

Vastus medialis Vastus lateralis Vastus inetermedius

Name the three intermuscular septa that arises from the deep surface of the fascia

lataMedial lateral unamed they attach to the linea aspera of the femur and divide it in 3 compartments