Theology Unit 8 Crusades

What is the author of Anna Commena's Alexiad

Anna Commena

What did the Jews face during Crusades

Attacked by Crusaders, blamed for "death" of Christ, many committed suicide.

When was the Battle of Manikert

August 26, 1071

Who were the main characters in The Kingdom of Heaven

Balian, Sibylla, Godfrey, Guy, Hospitaler, King Baldwin

Godfrey

Balians long lost father

How did the Knights Templar excel

Banking, worked like an atm or check for pilgrims heading to the east or coming back from the east

What battle kicked off crusades

Battle of Manikert

What was unsuccessful about the crusades for Wetern Europe

Holy land was not captured, did not accomplish militarily, persecutions

Describe Sibylla

King Baldwin sister, married to Guy

What kind of advancements did the Crusades create

military technology, new lands/cultures, academics in Arab world, Greek writings on medicine and math

What is a crusader

soldier for Christ/ the Church

What was indulgence

the remission of temporal punishment due to sins already forgiven by God

What was the purpose of religious figures in Crusades

unified armies bound for holy land and inspired thousands to join second crusades

What was the motivation for the crusades

Act of religious devotion,Those who fought for Christianity would be rewarded by God, Religious indulgences, Reduced taxes and debts, and Protection of families

What was a result of the Fourth Crusade

Constantinople is attacked and conquered

Why were the Military Orders important

Created to protect Holy Land and pilgrims, Emphasized dedication, discipline, and monastic organization, and Bounded by cows of poverty, chaste, and obedience.

Describe Balian

Crusader, son of Godfrey

What was St Bernard of Clairvaux's role

Drained violence from Europe, inspired thousand to join second Crusade

How did Christianity get affected by Crusades

Remained steady/moved forward

What is the author of Letters on the Fall of Jerusalem

Saladin

When and what was the Great Schism

1054. Split West and East

When were the crusades

1096-1492

When was the Fourth Crusade

1202-1204

What rule was the Knights Templar based on

Cistercian rule

What were the threats to the Christian World (11th c.)

Feudalism, Church desired peace and unity, and expansion of Muslim forces onto Christian lands.

What was a result of St Francis trying to convert Sultan

He established friendship with Sultan and showed possibility of peace/coexsistenece

What happened to St Francis of Assisi when he went to convert Sultan

He was captured, beaten, and tortured

How did the Crusades impact relationship between East and West

It caused a negative impact with mistrust, suspicion, fear, and hostility

Describe King Baldwin

King of Jerusalem

Describe Guy

Married to Sibylla, desired to be a King of Jerusalem

What were the Knights Hospitalers

Medical corps for injured crusaders that cared for sick pilgrims

How did the Holy Land fall

Muslim forces seized Christian land and persecuted Christians, especially of pilgrims in Holy Land

What is The Knights Templar

Oldest of military orders that was well known for banking, safeguarded money coming from East, and destroyed King Philip

What is the author of Urban II's call for a Crusade

Pope Urban II

Who called for the first crusade/council of Clermont

Pope Urban II

What is the author of Solomon Bar Samson on the Massacre of the Jews

Solomon Bar Samson

Who went to the Holy Land to covert Sultan

St Francis of Assisi

What was successfully about the Crusades for Western Europe

Stopped Muslims expansion, creates wealth and strength

What happened during the Battle of Manikert

The Byzantine army is destroyed and the Turks pushed to the wall of Constantinople.

Who was the Knights Templar founded by and who was the rule written by

The French; St Bernard

What happened to Jews and Muslims during Crusades

They became victims of tremendous violence

What was the purpose of the Fourth Crusade

To retake Jerusalem

What were the goals of the Crusades

To stop Muslim/Turkish expansion and Reclaim/free Holy Land for safe pilgrimage

What groups did Christians fight against

Turks in Holy Land, Muslims in Spain, and Heretics.

What was a result of the Church desiring peace and unity

Wars, division, and heresy, and The Great Schism

What was the Council of Clermont

When Pope Urban II called council that encouraged Westerners to support Eastern Christians in organized assault in defense of Christian Europe

What was the Reconquista

campaign to drive Muslims from Spain that took 700 years

What is "crux"

cross