Topic 11 Lesson 1 Non-renewable energy resources

What is a natural gas? How does it formed?

Natural gas is another type of natural resources that is formed from the same processes that produce oil and found in the same locations. Natural gas is trapped in pockets w/in layers of rock deep below Earth's surface.

How does natural gas get collected?

Natural gas is collected by using a drill to tap the trapped gas and then pipelines carry the gas for processing and transport.

Identify: It is anything that occurring naturally in the environment that human use/rely on to work and live

Natural resources

Cassie and Jazmine are talking about coal as a source of energy. Cassie told Jazmine that coal hasn't been used that much as a fuel because it has less energy per unit of mass as wood. Do you agree with Cassie? Why or why not?

No, because coal has long been used as a fuel because it has twice as much energy per unit of mass as wood. So, when coal can be mined at a large scale, it can be an efficient source of energy.

What does non-renewable resources mean? Explain why it is non-renewable?

Non-renewable means it cannot be replaced. Because there is a finite (or limited) amount of the resource on Earth and we don't have a way to make more of it or it takes very long periods of time for them to form

What is inside a nuclear power plant that produces energy?

Nuclear fission

What is nuclear fission? And what is the significance of nuclear fission?

Nuclear fission is the splitting of atom's nucleus into two nuclei. Fission releases a great deal of energy. This energy is used to heat water, turning into steam. The stem is then used to turn the blades of a turbine to produce electricity.

Identify. It is a partially altered plant material which is very smokey when burned and produced low energy. 60% carbon

Peat

Explain the process how anthracite formed including from Peat, Lignite, and Bituminous coal

Peat is found swamp environment. When it gets buried (burial), peats get compacted (compaction) and after right condition and time passed it turned to LIGNITE. When lignite buried longer (greater burial), it gets more compacted (compaction), it turns into bituminous coal. When bituminous is not used, it goes to metamorphism and turn to Anthracite

Tin and Chan were talking about their science subject Tin told Chan that anthracite has the most among all coals. When Tin asked Chan why, Chan does not know why? Do you know why anthracite has more energy among all types of coal?

Yes, because anthracite has 90% carbon. The more carbon a matter/coal possess the higher energy it has.

Frank told his friend, let's cut all the trees in the world. It's okay because trees are renewable. What would you say to Frank?

All trees can't be cut down in the whole world. Trees need to be spared in order for them to reproduce. If there's no trees, in the world there are no trees that would be reproduce.

What is a coal? HOW DOES IT FORMED? Give some example of coal's benefit.

Coal is a source of energy formed from remains of PLANTS that DIED long ago IN and AROUND SWAMPY areas. It is used in water and air purification systems, medical equipment such as kidney dialysis devices, produced electricity, fuel, and make steel from iron ore

During the conversation of Jazmine and Cassie, Cassie added that coal is not always beneficial to humans and environment. When Jazmine asked why is that, Cassie forgot why coal is not always beneficial to humans and environment. Do you agree with Cassie that Coal is not always beneficial to human beings and environment. Can you help Cassie explain the reasons to Jazmine?

Coal is not always beneficial to human beings and environment because burning coal produces pollutants and causes millions of deaths each year from health problem. Coal mining also requires large mines to be dug into the ground, or the removal of mountaintops or other surface layers to access coal beds. Removing coal causes great damage to the surrounding environment, threatening other types of natural resources and the ecosystem services they provided.

What are the two major causes of accidental oil spills?

blown-out and collision

What are the three continents that have the most coal resources?

look at the answer in the Liyah's book page 65 upper right corner figure/picture

Among all the natural resources (coal, oil, natural gas) which one has the greatest effect on global warming?

natural gas.

Identify. A type of natural resources that cannot be replaced is called?

non-renewable resource

Among the types of coal, which one has the lowest energy

peat

What are the types of coal?

peat, lignite, bituminous coal, anthracite

Arrange the following according to which is formed the earliest/soonest? 1. bituminous coal 2. anthracite 3. lignite 4. peat

peat, lignite, bituminous coal, anthrocite

Among the types of coal, which one has lowest, moderate, high, and highest energy?

peat, lignite, bituminous, anthracite

The word petroleum comes latin terms which means?

petra = rock oleum = oil

Identify. It is a soft, brown coal that produces moderate energy. 70% carbon

Lignite

Identify. It is a soft, black coal which is major coal used in power generation and industry. It produces high energy. 80% carbon

Bituminous coal

Identify. It is formed from the remains of plants that died long ago in and around swampy areas. It is used in water and air purification systems, medical equipment such as kidney dialysis devices, produced electricity, fuel, and make steel from iron ore

Coal

T/F. As with coal, burning oil and natural gas emits carbon dioxide and has other negative impact in the environment and human beings.

True.

Describe the process how petroleum or oil formed.

300 millions years ago small marine organisms used to live. When they died, their remains turned into oil and natural gas. after 50 to 100 million years, gas and oil get trapped and drilled by the rigs/wells to collect the resources.

T/F. Burning coal in coal-fired power plants accounts for about 30% of the electricity produced in the United States.

True

Match A to B: A: 1. Peat 2. Lignite 3. Bituminous coal 4. Anthracite B: a. hard, black coal b. partially altered plant material c. soft, black coal d. major coal used in power generation and industry e. used in industry f. highest energy g. soft, brown coal h. high energy i. moderate energy j. very smoky when burned k. low energy l. 90% carbon m. 70 % carbon n. 60 % carbon o. 80 % carbon

1. Peat: b, j, k, n 2. Lignite: g, i, m 3. Bituminous coal: c, d, h, o 4. Anthracite: a, e, f, l

In history, state some places that had an incident of oil spilled. Which place has the greatest oil spilled. How much gallons of oil spilled in that place?

1. Santa Barbara, California 2. Trinidad and Tobago 3. Gulf of Mexico 4. Persian Gulf 5. Prince William Sound, Alaska 6. Gulf of Mexico has the most oil spilled total of 321 million gallons. 140 in 1979 and 181 in 2010.

Juan and his son Lex are talking about science project. Lex told his dad, "Dad, I want to make a project about making new materials from fossil fuels." Juan is really confused. He asked Lex, "is that possible?" How would you help Lex explain the process of forming new materials from fossil fuel? Include the importance of sunlight to this process.

1. The energy that is stored from coal, petroleum, and natural gas originally arrived on Earth as sunlight. 2. Photosynthetic organisms such as algae, moss, grasses, and trees converted sunlight into-CARBON-based compounds 3. Then, animals eats plants. When animals eat plants, they absorb some of those compounds from the plants 4. Under certain conditions-high temperatures and pressures, the remains of organisms were transformed into new materials such as solid coal, liquid petroleum, and methane gas.

State the negative impact of oil in the environment and to human beings.

1. burning oil and natural gas emits carbon dioxide 2. if spilled, oil can be disastrous for wildlife and water quality 3. gas leaks contribute to global warming and can result in explosions if the concentration of gas is high and a spark ignites it.

What are the used of petroleum?

1. powering engines: automobiles, ships, trains, airplanes 2. industrial uses: making plastic, lubricants, fertilizers 3. basis for making synthetic fibers such as rayon, carbon fiber, and nylon 4. cosmetic and pharmaceutical products such as petroleum jelly and tar shampoos that treat dandruff

State some facts about fossil fuels and increase of human population. Also what's the thoughts of geologists regarding the consumption of petroleum?

As human population has grown, fossil fuels have become less abundant. Geologists estimate that we have used about half the petroleum that fossilization, pressure, heat and time have produced over hundreds of millions of years - and all in just a few centuries.

Which two countries have the greatest percentage of Uranium resources?

Australia and Kazakhstan

Natural gas burns cleaner than coal, yet it is considered a pollutant. Why?

Because gas itself is a powerful greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming that means that any leaks of natural gas from wells, pipelines and other structures pose a significant pollution problem.

Ben and Justin are talking about fossil energy. Ben said he wants to convert fossil fuels into different form. Justin asked how will he do it? What do you think Ben would say to Justin?

Ben will say that the chemical energy in fossil fuels can be converted to other forms by burning them.

Why coal is not evenly distributed around the world?

Due to condition. Coal can only be formed in right condition, swampy areas.

What is nuclear energy?

Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom. It is a non-renewable energy resource used to generate much of the world's electricity. It provides 20% electricity in the US.

T/F. Natural gas is completely safe and cannot cause environmental problem.

False, because gas is a powerful greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming. This means that leaks of natural gas from wells, pipelines, and other structures can cause significant pollution problem.

T/F. Brittle, lustrous lignite has more energy than crumbly, dull anthracite?

False. Brittle, lustrous anthracite has more energy than crumbly, dull lignite

T/F. Burning petroleum and coal releases less carbon dioxide than burning natural gas.

False. Burning petroleum and coal releases more carbon dioxide than burning natural gas.

What does fossil fuel means? Give an example?

Fossil fuels are energy-rich substances made from the preserved remains of organisms. Coal, petroleum and natural gas

What process has been done to meet the demand of natural gas?

Fracking

What is fracking

Fracking is a process that used to meet the demand for natural gas. Fracking is short for Hydraulic fracturing which means using of pressured fluid to break layers of shale rock and force out the trapped natural gas and oil which can be collected and transported.

What is the major impact of burning fossil fuels in the environment?

Humans are burning fossil fuels at a faster rate than the resulting carbon emissions can be absorbed by natural processes, such as photosynthesis. This is why the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is now 45% higher than it was over 200 years ago. Scientists have concluded that this is fueling global warming and climate change.

What is peat?

It is a PARTIALLY ALTERED PLANT MATERIAL which is VERY SMOKEY when burned and produced low energy. 60% carbon

What is anthracite?

It is a hard, black coal used in industry. It has the highest energy among the coals. 90% energy

What is bituminous coal?

It is a soft, black coal which is major coal used in power generation and industry. It produces high energy. 80% carbon

What is lignite?

It is a soft, brown coal that produces moderate energy. 70% carbon

Adrianna jumped into Cassie and Jazmine's conversation. Adrianna told her friends that coal can be formed in any types of condition. Jazmine said, it's not true. Who do you think is right?

Jazmine because coal can only forms UNDER THE RIGHT CONDITIONS, not in any types of condition

How does petroleum formed? Where does Petroleum came from?

Petroleum is made of the remains of small animals, algae, and other organisms that lived in marine environments hundreds of millions of years ago. Oil deposits form when these remains become trapped underground and are subject to high pressure and temperature.

What does renewable resource mean?

Renewable resource mean it's unlimited or it can be reused or replenished, but it may require some are or planning. For example, wood trees are renewable for as long as trees are spared to reproduce.

Why some countries encouraged to use more of natural gas?

Some countries encouraged the use of natural gas because it cause less pollution or release less carbon dioxide compare to burning coal and petroleum

According to the text, the energy that is stored from the coal, petroleum, and natural gas originally came from?

Sunlight

What are some concerns about fracking?

The concern is fracking fluids are contaminating vital stores of groundwater that humans rely on

What is the effect of uneven distribution of fossil fuel to world politics? Give an example?

The uneven distribution of fossil fuel resources has led to political problem, including war. In 1990, Iraq invaded neighboring country Kuwait in part because of disagreement over how oil fields at a shared border should be used. When the US and other nations came to Kuwait's defense and drove out the Iraqi forces, oil fields and wells were set on fire. This resulted in hundreds of millions of gallons of oil being burned or spilled, and untreated emissions billowing into the atmosphere.

What is the element the used to fuel for nuclear fission?

Uranium

What is a uranium? What is the used/function of uranium in nuclear energy?

Uranium heavy metal that occurs in most rocks and extracted through mining. It is used as fuel for nuclear fission inside nuclear reactors. The uranium found on Earth was part of the original cloud of dust and gas from which our solar system formed.

According to the textbook, what pattern do you observe in the distribution of uranium?

Uranium is found throughout the Earth's crust, but large ores of the material are formed from geological processes that only occur in certain location on Earth.

Give some solution you can contribute to reduce the use of fossil fuels at your household?

Use car less, conserve electricity.

How does oil get into the gasoline station from the ocean?

Wells or rigs are constructed to tap "fields" of oil hundreds or thousands of meters below Earth's surface, both on land and water. Oil is drilled from the ocean floor and/or land and transported by ship.

Give an example of natural resources

air, water, sun, soil and more..

What is a natural resources

anything occurring naturally in the environment that human use/rely on to work and live

Why is wood considered a renewable resource?

because it can be reproduced for as long as trees are spared

What are the two kinds of natural resources?

renewable and non-renewable resources

Give an example of non-renewable resources

silver,