Trama unit, in class quiz study guide.

Following a head injury, a 20-year-old female opens her eyes spontaneously, is confused, and obeys your commands to move her extremities. You should assign her a GCS score of:

14

Hypothermia occurs when the core body temperature falls below.

95°F (35°C).

Which of the following is not considered a basic technique when controlling bleeding?

Apply a cervical collar and place the patient on a long backboard.

You are caring for a pediatric patient who has a nosebleed and is reporting nausea from swallowing blood. What should you do?

Ask the patient to lean forward so the blood does not drain into the throat.

A 54-year-old female has had chest pain for the past 18 hours. She went to bed last night thinking it was severe heartburn and became concerned when she woke up this morning and it was still present. She is now short of breath and feels lightheaded when standing. Vital signs are BP 82/64, P 121, and R 24. You can hear audible crackles on lung auscultation. What type of shock is she in?

Cardiogenic

Which of the following is NOT one of the three types of collisions in a typical impact in a motor vehicular crash? A. Collision of the passenger against the interior of the car B. Collision of a car against another car, a tree, or another object C. Collision of the internal organs against the body's solid structures D. Collision of two passenger bodies within the same vehicle

Collision of two passenger bodies within the same vehicle

Which of the following statements regarding gunshot wounds is correct? A. The size of a bullet has the greatest impact on the injury produced. B) The speed of a bullet has the greatest impact on the injury produced. C. High-velocity bullets will cause less severe internal injuries. D. Low-velocity bullets will cause the greatest amount of trauma.

D. Low-velocity bullets will cause the greatest amount of trauma.

A 76-year-old male has hypotension, tachycardia, and warm moist skin with flash capillary refill. He has a temperature of 103.4°F (39.7°C).What should you suspect?

Distributive shock

You are caring for a patient who needs cervical spinal immobilization. Your unit has only one adult-sized commerciallymanufactured cervical collar, and it breaks while you are sizing it. What should you do?

Do not immobilize the patient, because you do not have the equipment you need.

Following a stab wound to the left anterior chest, a 25-year-old male presents with a decreased level of consciousness and signs of shock. Which of the following additional assessment findings should increase your index of suspicion for a cardiac tamponade?

Engorged jugular veins

A 21-year-old female was lost in the woods for several hours. The ambient temperature is 25 degrees Fahrenheit. She is lethargic and confused. The skin on her hands is waxy and white. What should you do?

Gently wrap the patient in several dry blankets.

A 34-year-old male has had nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea for the last 72 hours. He has been unable to hold any fluids down despite multiple attempts. He has not urinated in 24 hours. Vital signs are BP 88/70, P 114, and R 22. What type of shock is he in?

Hypovolemic

While assessing a 21-year-old female who struck a tree head-on with her small passenger car, you note that her airbag deployed. You should:

Lift the airbag and look for deformity to the steering wheel

You are dispatched to a residence for a young female who is sick. The patient complains of a rash to her lower extremities and truncal area. Your assessment reveals a small, painful blister on her inner thigh. As your partner is taking the patient's vital signs, she states that she and her family returned from a camping trip two days ago. On the basis of this patient's presentation, you should suspect:

Lyme disease

Which of the following statements regarding a basilar skull fracture is correct? A. In most cases, mastoid bruising occurs. B. They are typically the result of local, low-energy trauma to the head. C. The absence of raccoon eyes or Battle sign does not rule it out. D. Bloody cerebrospinal fluid commonly leaks from the nose.

The absence of raccoon eyes or Battle's sign does not rule it out.

You are caring for a patient who has had an amputation of the left hand. The hand is not currently present with the patient. The patient is showing signs of hypovolemic shock. Which of the following is the most appropriate action to take? •A. Transport the patient immediately and request other responders still on the scene attempt to locate the hand. B. Transport the patient immediately and make no further attempts to locate the hand. C. Attempt to locate the hand prior to transport, but only if the patient's bleeding is controlled. D. Attempt to locate the hand prior to transport, even if the patient's bleeding is not controlled.

Transport the patient immediately and request other responders still on the scene attempt to locate the hand.

You are assessing a 33-year-old male who complains of severe abdominal pain, weakness, and nausea. He tells you that he was gathering wood to build a fire when he felt a sudden, sharp pain on the back of his hand. Your assessment reveals that the patient's abdomen is rigid and painful to palpation. You should suspect:

a black widow spider bite

Common signs and symptoms of a serious head injury include all of the following, except.

a rapid, thready pulse.

After being stung on the leg by a jellyfish, a man complains of severe pain to his leg, dizziness, and difficulty breathing. He has a red rash covering his trunk, and his blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg. The EMT should:

administer oxygen and epinephrine and prepare for rapid transport.

While jogging, a 19-year-old male experienced an acute onset of shortness of breath and pleuritic chest pain. He is conscious and alert with stable vital signs. Your assessment reveals that he has diminished breath sounds over the left side of the chest. You should:

administer oxygen and transport to the hospital.

A 37-year-old male was pinned between a flatbed truck and a loading dock. On exam, you find bruising to the chest, distended neck veins, bilaterally diminished breath sounds, and bilateral scleral hemorrhaging. You should:

aggressively manage his airway.

An open fracture is most accurately defined as a fracture in which:

an external wound is present over the fracture site.

A construction worker's arm was severed just above the elbow when a steel girder fell on it. The stump is covered with a blood-soaked towel. The patient's skin is cool, clammy, and pale. The EMT should:

apply a tourniquet just below the shoulder.

An unresponsive trauma patient has a large open abdominal wound with massive external bleeding. You should:

apply direct pressure to the wound

A 76-year-old male experienced sudden pain to his left thigh when he was standing in line at the grocery store. Your assessment reveals ecchymosis and deformity to the distal aspect of his left femur, just above the knee. Distal circulation and sensory and motor functions are intact. You should:

apply padded board splints to both sides of the leg.

A 54-year-old male experienced an avulsion to his penis when his foreskin got caught in the zipper of his pants. He was able to unzip his pants and remove the foreskin prior to your arrival. Your assessment reveals that he is in severe pain and that the avulsion is bleeding moderately. The most appropriate treatment for this patient includes:

applying direct pressure with a dry, sterile dressing.

You receive a call to a local gymnasium for a basketball player with a dislocated shoulder. Upon arrival, you find the patient, a 17-year-old male, sitting on the ground. He is holding his left arm in a fixed position away from his body. There is an obvious anterior bulge to the area of injury. You should:

assess distal pulse, motor, and sensory functions.

You and your partner respond to a park where several people were reportedly struck by lightning. When you arrive, you find three patients. The first patient is lying supine on the ground; he is unresponsive and does not appear to be breathing. The second patient is ambulatory, appears confused, and is holding his arm against his chest. The third patient is sitting on the ground holding the sides of his head. After calling for backup, you should:

assess the unresponsive patient's pulse, begin CPR starting with chest compressions if he is pulseless, and attach the AED as soon as possible.

All of the following snakes are pit vipers, except for the. A. rattlesnake. •B. coral snake. C. copperhead. D. cottonmouth.

coral snake.

A 40-year-old male was in his woodworking shop when he felt a sudden, sharp pain in his left eye. Your assessment reveals a small splinter of wood embedded in his cornea. You should:

cover both of his eyes and transport to the hospital.

Two of the MOST common mechanisms of injury for blunt trauma are:

falls and motor vehicle collisions.

During your secondary assessment of a 19-year-old female with multiple traumas, you note bilateral humeral deformities and a deformity to the left midshaft femur. Her skin is diaphoretic, and her pulse is rapid and weak. Your partner has appropriately managed her airway and is maintaining manual stabilization of her head. The most appropriate treatment for this patient includes:

immobilizing her to a backboard and rapidly transporting.

You arrive at the scene of a major motor vehicle crash. The patient, a 50-year-old female, was removed from her vehicle prior to your arrival. Bystanders who removed her state that she was not wearing a seatbelt. The patient is unresponsive, tachycardic, and diaphoretic. Your assessment reveals bilaterally clear and equal breath sounds, a midline trachea, and collapsed jugular veins. You should be most suspicious that this patient has experienced a:

laceration of the aorta

A 29-year-old male has an anterior nosebleed after he was accidentally elbowed in the nose. He is conscious and alert with adequate breathing. The most appropriate care for this patient includes:

leaning him forward and pinching his nostrils together.

Your patient is a 53-year-old diabetic male. His wife tells you that he had been mowing the lawn in the heat for the past 3 hours. The patient is confused and has hot, moist skin. His blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg, and his pulse is weak and thready. You should

load him into the ambulance and begin rapid cooling interventions.

A 24-year-old male has been involved in a motor vehicle collision. As you approach the vehicle you note that the steering wheel is bent over. He is short of breath, can only speak in two- to three-word sentences, and appears pale and diaphoretic. Vital signs are BP 84/68, P 120, and R 26. What type of shock is he in?

obstructive

When a person is exposed to a cold environment:

peripheral vessels constrict and divert blood away from the skin.

After applying a pressure dressing to a laceration on a patient's arm, you notice that blood is slowly beginning to saturate it. You should:

place additional dressings over the wound.

A 45-year-old female was the unrestrained passenger of a small car that rear-ended another vehicle at a moderate rate of speed. She is conscious and alert but complains of pain to both of her knees. There is visible damage to the dashboard on the passenger's side of the vehicle. In addition to fractures or dislocations of the knees, you should be most suspicious for:

posterior hip dislocation

A 40-year-old male presents with severe abdominal pain after blunt trauma. He is diaphoretic, intensely thirsty, and has a weak and rapid pulse. Appropriate treatment for this patient includes all of the following, except: A. promptly transporting him to the hospital. B) giving him small sips of plain water. C. administering supplemental oxygen D. covering him with a warm blanket.

promptly transporting him to the hospital.

Following blunt trauma to the chest, an 18-year-old female presents with respiratory distress, shallow breathing, and cyanosis. Her blood pressure is 80/50 mm Hg and her pulse is 130 beats/min and thready. You should:

provide ventilation assistance with a BVM.(bag valve mask)

When activated, the sympathetic nervous system produces all of the following effects, except: A. shunting of blood to vital organs. B, increase in heart rate. C) pupillary constriction. D. dilation of the bronchiole smooth muscle.

pupillary constriction.

A 6-year-old female was riding her bicycle and struck a clothesline with her throat. She is breathing but with obvious difficulty. Your assessment reveals a crackling sensation in the soft tissues of her neck and facial cyanosis. In addition to the appropriate airway management, the intervention that will most likely improve her chance of survival is:

rapidly transporting her to the hospital.

Significant trauma to the face should increase the EMT's index of suspicion for a(n):

spinal column injury.

A 22-year-old female was ejected from her car after striking a tree head-on. As you approach her, you note Obvious closed deformities to both of her femurs. She is not moving and does not appear to be conscious.

stabilize her head and perform a primary assessment.

During your secondary assessment of a 30-year-old male who fell 25 feet, vou note crepitus when palpating his pelvis. Your partner advises you that the patient's blood pressure is 80/50 mm Hg, and his heart rate is 120 beats/min and weak. After completing your assessment, you should:

stabilize the pelvis with a pelvic binder and protect the spine.

You and our partner are preparing to apply a traction splint to a patient's deformed thigh. As you apply manual traction, the patient resists your efforts and states that the pain is getting worse. You should:

stop and splint the leg in the deformed position.

Most of the serious injuries associated with scuba diving are caused by:

too rapid of an ascent.

A 22-year-old male was kicked in the abdomen several times. You find him lying on his left side with his knees drawn up. He is conscious and alert and complains of increased pain and nausea when he tries to straighten his legs. His blood pressure is 142/82 mm Hg, his pulse rate is 110 beats/min and strong, and his respirations are 22 breaths/min and regular. In addition to administering high-flow oxygen, you should:

transport him in the position in which you found him.

Rough handling of a hypothermic patient with a pulse might cause:

ventricular fibrillation