Transcription Biology

mRNA does?

RNA molecule that carries the instructions from one gene to make a protein. In Eukaryotes: mRNA carries the genetic message from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytosol

What is a gene?

A segment of DNA that is located in the chromosome and codes for hereditary material

What is transcription?

DNA acts as a template for the synthesis of RNA

Where does transcription take place in Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes?

Eukaryotes: in nucleus Prokaryotes: dna containing region in the cytoplasm

How is RNA different from DNA?

RNA contains surgar ribose not deoxyribose Contains nitrogenous base uracil instead of thymine in DNA usually single stranded Much shorter in length than DNA

What is translation?

RNA directs the assembly of proteins forming proteins based on information in DNA and carried out by RNA this process is called gene expression

2nd step of transcription?

RNA polymerase adds free RNA nucleotides that are complementary to the nucleotides on one of the DNA stands

What is the 1st step of transcription?

RNA polymerase binds to a promoter, after promoter binds DNA strands unwind and seperate

What are the two main flows for genetic information?

Transcription and Translation

Three types of RNA

mRNA, rRNA, tRNA

rRNA

part of the structure for ribosomes, ribsomes are organelles where protein synthesis occurs, ribosomes are made up of rRNA and make proteins

What is transcription

process of genetic instruction in a specific gene as they are transcribed or rewritten into an RNA molecule

tRNA

transfers amino acids to the ribosome to make a protein