Types of Research

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what is basic research

"fundamental" or "pure" research driven by curiosity/interest in a specific question; main motivation is to expand knowledge base-not to create/invent ex: how did the universe begin

what are the 5 steps of historical research

-identification of the research topic and formulation of question -data collection/lit review -evaluation of material -data synthesis -report preparation

who reviews experimental research

IRB: institutional review board

what is descriptive research

aka statistical research; describes a population/particular subject, situation or group ex: discovering the most frequent childhood dz in a specific location

what is historical research

analysis of events that occurred in remote or recent past

what are disadvantages of experimental research

artificial, not always easily feasible, can be unethical

what are advantages of correlational research

can collect a lot of info from a lot of subjects at one time, can study a wide range of variable and the interrelationships, can study variables that are not easily lab recreated

what are advantages to quantitative data

can measure and analyze data, researcher is more objective, can test hypotheses in experiments

what is exploratory research

conducted for a problem that has not been clearly defined; helps to determine the best research design, data collection and subject selection

who are the participants in experimental research

control: receives no manipulation of independent variable experimental: receives manipulation of the independent variable

what are disadvantages of correlational research

correlation does NOT indicate causation

what are disadvantages of quantitative data

does not study in a natural setting or discuss meaning, large sample must be used for accurate results

what is an advantage of experimental research

establishes cause and effect

what must be included in descriptive research

everything has to be measurable

what does ethnographic research study

genetics, social welfare characteristics, material and spiritual culture this is qualitative and quantitative

what are the variables of experimental research

independent: the predictor variable (you manipulate this) dependent: the outcome variable (this is what you're testing)

what is phenomenological research

inductive, descriptive approach developed form a phenomenological philosophy; describes an experience as it is actually lived by the subject

what is ethnographic research

investigation of a culture, in depth study of the members of a specific culture; helpful for theories of cultural behavior

what are advantages to qualitative data

more complex aspects of a persons experience to be studied, fewer restriction or assumptions, not everything can actually be quantified, hypothesis generation

what are disadvantages to qualitative data

more difficult to determine validity and reliability, "data overload" and time consuming

what is quantitative data

objective data; phenomena thru statistical, mathematical or computational techniques

what is experimental research

objective, systematic, controlled investigaton the purpose is to predict and control phenomena and examine the probability and causality among variables

what are advantages of historical research

provides comprehensive picture of historical trends, uses existing information, evidence of ongoing trends/problems

is phenomenological research qualitative or quantitative

qualitative, it is based in personal knowledge and subjectivity ex: how did you feel when you had COVID

what are disadvantages of descriptive research

requires a lot of skill, does not identify causation, results can change over time (only reports results)

what does exploratory research depend on

secondary research

what is applied research

seeks to solve practical problems, solutions to everyday problems/cure illness ex: test or cure a specific dz

what is qualitative data

subjective data; deals with phenomena that are difficult to quantify like beliefs, attributes, feelings the why and how of decision rather than the what, where and when aims to gather in depth understanding of human behavior and the reasons that govern such behavior

what are advantages of descriptive research

subjects are unaware of research so they will act naturally, collects large amounts of data, use to describe rather than draw conclusions

what is correlational research

systematic investigation or statistical study of relationships among two or greater variables ex: listening to music and increased reps

what is research

systematic, rigorous investigation of a situation or problem in order to generate new knowledge or validate existing knowledge

what are disadvantages of historical research

time-consuming, resources can be difficult to locate, may not identify the problem cause, data restricted to what is already in existence


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