Types of Research
what is basic research
"fundamental" or "pure" research driven by curiosity/interest in a specific question; main motivation is to expand knowledge base-not to create/invent ex: how did the universe begin
what are the 5 steps of historical research
-identification of the research topic and formulation of question -data collection/lit review -evaluation of material -data synthesis -report preparation
who reviews experimental research
IRB: institutional review board
what is descriptive research
aka statistical research; describes a population/particular subject, situation or group ex: discovering the most frequent childhood dz in a specific location
what is historical research
analysis of events that occurred in remote or recent past
what are disadvantages of experimental research
artificial, not always easily feasible, can be unethical
what are advantages of correlational research
can collect a lot of info from a lot of subjects at one time, can study a wide range of variable and the interrelationships, can study variables that are not easily lab recreated
what are advantages to quantitative data
can measure and analyze data, researcher is more objective, can test hypotheses in experiments
what is exploratory research
conducted for a problem that has not been clearly defined; helps to determine the best research design, data collection and subject selection
who are the participants in experimental research
control: receives no manipulation of independent variable experimental: receives manipulation of the independent variable
what are disadvantages of correlational research
correlation does NOT indicate causation
what are disadvantages of quantitative data
does not study in a natural setting or discuss meaning, large sample must be used for accurate results
what is an advantage of experimental research
establishes cause and effect
what must be included in descriptive research
everything has to be measurable
what does ethnographic research study
genetics, social welfare characteristics, material and spiritual culture this is qualitative and quantitative
what are the variables of experimental research
independent: the predictor variable (you manipulate this) dependent: the outcome variable (this is what you're testing)
what is phenomenological research
inductive, descriptive approach developed form a phenomenological philosophy; describes an experience as it is actually lived by the subject
what is ethnographic research
investigation of a culture, in depth study of the members of a specific culture; helpful for theories of cultural behavior
what are advantages to qualitative data
more complex aspects of a persons experience to be studied, fewer restriction or assumptions, not everything can actually be quantified, hypothesis generation
what are disadvantages to qualitative data
more difficult to determine validity and reliability, "data overload" and time consuming
what is quantitative data
objective data; phenomena thru statistical, mathematical or computational techniques
what is experimental research
objective, systematic, controlled investigaton the purpose is to predict and control phenomena and examine the probability and causality among variables
what are advantages of historical research
provides comprehensive picture of historical trends, uses existing information, evidence of ongoing trends/problems
is phenomenological research qualitative or quantitative
qualitative, it is based in personal knowledge and subjectivity ex: how did you feel when you had COVID
what are disadvantages of descriptive research
requires a lot of skill, does not identify causation, results can change over time (only reports results)
what does exploratory research depend on
secondary research
what is applied research
seeks to solve practical problems, solutions to everyday problems/cure illness ex: test or cure a specific dz
what is qualitative data
subjective data; deals with phenomena that are difficult to quantify like beliefs, attributes, feelings the why and how of decision rather than the what, where and when aims to gather in depth understanding of human behavior and the reasons that govern such behavior
what are advantages of descriptive research
subjects are unaware of research so they will act naturally, collects large amounts of data, use to describe rather than draw conclusions
what is correlational research
systematic investigation or statistical study of relationships among two or greater variables ex: listening to music and increased reps
what is research
systematic, rigorous investigation of a situation or problem in order to generate new knowledge or validate existing knowledge
what are disadvantages of historical research
time-consuming, resources can be difficult to locate, may not identify the problem cause, data restricted to what is already in existence
