Unit 1
Efficiency
avoid waste (including waste of equipment, supplies and people) or as using healthcare resources to get the best value for money. determined by how resources are used.
Health Informatics
discipline in which health data are stored, analyzed, and disseminated through the application of information and communication technology.
Cost-Effectiveness
efficient and equitable decisions are made about the allocation of resources.
Executive Branch
execution and implementation of laws passed by legislatures.
Health Policy
goal-directed decision-making about health that is the result of an authorized, public decision-making process. those actions, nonactions, directions, and/or guidance related to health that are decided by governments or other authorized entities.
Economics
the allocation of scarce resources.
Health Care Economics
the study of supply and demand of resources and its effect on the allocation of healthcare resources in an economic system.
Involves the marshaling of personnel and other resources needed to carry out all required patient care activities.
Care Coordination
Health Policy Major Attributes:
1. Decisions are made by authorized government institutions such as legislatures or courts or by government-authorized entities. 2. The decision-making process is subject to public review and input. 3. Health policies address a public policy goal.
Health Policy Minor Attributes:
1. Health policies are subject to ongoing review by governing institutions and by the public. 2. Health policy goals change according to changes in political and social values, trends, and attitudes.
Health Care Economics Attributes and Criteria:
Markets, Price and Cost, Supply and Demand, and Efficiency vs. Equity
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010
Access, Insurance Reforms (Cherry-Picking and Limitations or Even Denial of Coverage for Preexisting Conditions)
Health-related issue identified, usually a problem.
Agenda Setting
Process of Policy Development:
Agenda Setting, Policy Formulation, Policy Adopting, Policy Implementation, and Policy Evaluation
Health Care Economics Scope:
Availability (or Scarcity) of Healthcare Resources, Access to Resources , and the Financing or Paying for these Resources
Value-Based Purchasing or Pay for Performannce
Designed to enhance the communication and coordination of care among patients, providers and clinicians. Offers additional reimbursement to clinicians and hospitals for the provision of appropriate and high quality care. Costs may not be covered for certain preventable conditions.
Affects healthcare economics because it governs the insurance industry and is illustrated in the application of healthcare funding and reform.
Health Care Law
Provide the framework for the delivery of health care.
Health Care Organizations
Concerned with issues related to ensuring standards of care, and outcomes are achieved in the delivery of health care.
Health Care Quality
Used to provide overarching goals and to set priorities and values for the allocation of resources.
Health Policy
Health Policy Scope:
Legislatures, Courts and Judiciary, Executive Branch, and Regulatory Agencies
A proposed intervention is selected.
Policy Adoption
Determining if the policy achieved the desired policy goals.
Policy Evaluation
Different policy interventions are proposed and considered.
Policy Formulation
Carrying out the proposed intervention.
Policy Implementation
Regulatory Agencies
implement and enforce laws through a rule-making process.
Technology
is the knowledge and use of tools, machines, materials, and processes to help solve human problems.
Informatics
is the science that encompasses information science and computer science to study the process, management, and retrieval of information.
Value
remains largely unmeasured and misunderstood.
Judiciary
staging ground for determining rights and health policy disputes.