unit 1 shittt, unit 2 shittt
The system of distributing powers between states and a central government is called
Federalism
Government
A public institution with the authority to allocate values in society.
As in the U.S. Congress, what is the purpose of a conference committee in the Texas Legislature?
It is a committee designed to make differing House and Senate versions of the same bill identical
What is the argument commonly used by supporters of a state income tax?
It is a fairer and more reliable source of revenue
What is soft money?
It is money that is donated to a particular party therefore bypassing FECA laws.
What happens if a simple majority is not had in the Texas primary?
A runoff election is held the 1st Tuesday in April between the top 2 candidates.
What is needed to win the Texas primary?
A simple majority. 50% plus one vote.
Elite
A small group of people that dominates the political process. Participate in Traditional political culture.
What does FECA do for national elections?
It limits the hard money that can be donated to a candidate to $5,000 a year.
What unconventional action did the Texas legislature take in 2003?
It redistricted a second time in a single decade
2. Which of the following supports the traditionalistic political culture found in Texas?
All of the above
46. Favorable factors of the Texas economy include
All of the above
70. Those who advocate reform of the Texas Constitution generally focus on which of the following issues?
All of the above
8. Which of the following would be helpful in identifying a political culture?
All of the above
1. An individualistic political culture is one in which:
All of the above.
Parties at the state level have less power than at the national level because
All politics is local., less partisanship
Independent State Grounds
Allow states, usually under the state constitution, to expand rights beyond those provided by the US Constitution
The Motor Voter act of 1993
Allowed citizens to register to vote while applying for a drivers license
general election
An election in which voters cast ballots to select public officials
iron triangle
An iron triangle is a stable set of bureaucrats, legislators, and lobbyists who seek to develop and perpetuate policies beneficial to their common purposes.
10. Individuals who are from different regions of the country or within a state will likely have different political values. This illustrates the existence of a variety of different political A. straw polls. B. subcultures. C. campaigns. D. parties.
B
In the past 20 years, the costs of prison construction and maintenance have risen from approximately____ to approximately ______.
$147 million; $3 billion
Bribery is
.
Know reasons for forming a PAC?
.
Know what state and local party organizations do.
.
Latinos currently represent ______ of the population of Texas.
.38%
The two most important factors that determine whether someone votes are:
Education & income.
primary election
Election in which voters choose the candidates from each party who will run in the general election, if none receives a majority vote then a runoff election will be held to determine who will be nominated
The moralistic subculture:
Encourages government involvement in social and economic issues.
The 2007 session of the state legislature passed the Religious Viewpoint Anti-discrimination Act, which...?
Ensured religious oriented clubs the same access to school facilities and protected students who expressed religious beliefs.
In West Orange-Cove Consolidated ISD v. Neeley, the Texas Supreme court ruled that school districts had adequate discretion to set tax rates within their jurisdictions. (T/F)
False
Latinos currently make up over 50 percent of the Texas population. (T/F)
False
Like the US President, the Governor of Texas can kill a bill by refusing to sign it. (T/F)
False
Members of the Texas House of Representatives are permitted to speak on the House floor for as long as they want. (T/F)
False
More money is spent in Texas by communications industry than any other represented interest. (T/F)
False
Oil was first discovered in west Texas in 1842
False
Oil was the primary industry in Texas during the 19th century
False
One of the perverse effects of public welfare is that encourages fathers to stay connected to their families and help raise their children. (T/F)
False
Only the Senate has the constitutional authority to launch investigations into problems concerning the state (T/F)
False
People serving time for capital crimes are eligible for parole. (T/F)
False
Poverty among children in Texas is about the same as the natural average. (T/F)
False
Some of Texas's biggest lobby spenders are groups that include the interest consumers, the environment, or human services. (T/F)
False
Special sessions last 30 days and there is a limit to the number of of special sessions governor can call (T/F)
False
T/F The state of Texas has had three constitutions in the course of its history
False
T/F Duverger's law says that in a single-member district system of electing representatives, minor parties gain an advantage of major parties.
False
Texas political culture is best described as moralistic political
False
The 1983 report by the National Commission on Education had no effect on Texas because of its existing excellent system of public education. (T/F)
False
The Lieutenant Governor is also a member of the Texas House of Representative. (T/F)
False
The Tenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution prevents state governments from imposing cruel and unusual punishments. True False
False
The Texas Governor has strong powers for granting clemency. (T/F)
False
The Texas constitution and election laws call the Texas primary system an open primary. (T/F)
False
The high tech economy of Texas emerged during 1920s
False
The largest city in Texas is San Antonio
False
The Texas Constitution created a unicameral legislature.
False, bicameral.
African Americans have the largest percentage share of voters in Texas.
False.
Blue Dog Democrats are becoming more and more popular in Texas.
False.
Compared to other southern states, Texas has a large African American population.
False.
During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Texas was a competitive, two-party state.
False.
Gaining access to politicians through personal connections is a violation of Texas state laws.
False.
In Texas, the most local level of a party organization is the county.
False.
In the 2010 general election, every official elected at the state level was Republican.
False.
Interest groups in Texas are not allowed to run paid advertisements in the media.
False.
Unfunded Mandates
Federal requirements that states or local govts pay the costs of federal policies
Voting Rights Act
Shortened residency to 30 days.
Legislative districts in the Texas House and Senate are...?
Single member districts
The first African-Americans to come to Texas were:
Slaves of Spanish Explorers
57. Which of the various Texas Constitutions is regarded as the best ever produced by the state?
The "statehood constitution" of 1845
Most Texas Democrats today would be classified as
Liberal
23. Which of the following is not one of the articles of the Texas Constitution?
Miscellaneous
Early voting in Texas has been shown to produce ______ in voter turnout.
Modest increase
16) Early voting increases the polling period from twelve hours to
Modest increase in voter turnout.
A private group that raises and distributes funds for use in election campaigns is called a(n)
PAC.
The procedure by which certain states, such as Texas, are required to obtain approval every time they make changes to districts is called....?
Pre clearance
What is the most basic of Texas' voting districts called?
Precinct.
The procedure by which certain states, sucha s Texas, are required to obtain approval every time they make changes to districts is called
Preclearance
What tax was levied for extraction of natural resources in Texas?
Severance Tax
13. Which region of Texas has experienced continuous growth because of Spindletop? a. Panhandle b. West Texas c. South Texas d. Gulf Coast
d. Gulf Coast
The U.S. Constitution limits the powers of the states and the national government through ________ powers. a. off-limit b. excluded c. denied d. preempted e. banned
denied
federal intervention into state responsibilities
The Tenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is the legal basis for
What is the major difference between the bill of rights in the Texas Constitution and the U.S. Bill of Rights?
The Texas Constitution grants Texans rights that are not found in the U.S. Constitution.
Scandals about the "streak men", Bo Piligrim, and Frib Lewis resulted in
The creation of a state ethic commission
realignment
The post Civil War era brought political change to parties known as "realignment". A party realignment disrupts the existing political order because a significant proportion of voters favored one party over the other. Realignment results in an enduring change in party coalitions which forces the government to take new policy directions.
Which of the following is NOT a non-legislative power of the Texas legislature?
The power to overturn state supreme court decisions with a two-thirds majority.
Texas leads the nation in the number of state-sanctioned executions. (T/F)
True
Texas political life grew out of the gulf coastal plains
True
The Legislative Budget Board plays an important role in the budget process in Texas. (T/F)
True
The Texas Constitution became a place where special interests could seek to promote and protect their own agendas.
True
Two of the most important factors that may have helped Texas escape the worst of the Great Recession were an increasingly diversified economy lubricated by international trade and a resurgent oil and gas industry.
True
Two of the most important factors that may have helped Texas escape the worst of the Great Recession were an increasingly diversified economy lubricates by international trade and a resurgent oil and gas industry
True
Under the Articles of Confederation, states played a primary role in governing Americans, while the national government had very limited powers.
True
Unfunded mandates infringe upon state sovereignty.
True
The migration of people from rural regions to growing cities is called:
URBANIZATION
After the events of September 11, 2001, President George W. Bush endorsed the ________, which increased government surveillance powers to investigate espionage and terrorism. a. USA Patriot Act b. No Child Left Behind Act c. Department of Homeland Security d. Hurricane Katrina Relief Act e. Interagency Cooperation Act
USA patriot Act
cooperative federalism
Under the New Deal, federalism is frequently described as
Which statement regarding water policy is true?
Water rights are a complicated matter balancing private property considerations and the public good
Business interests
Which of the following has traditionally dominated the political culture of Texas?
the right to employment
Which of the following is not found in the Texas bill of rights?
The mass exodus of more affluent whites from urban areas to suburban areas is sometimes referred to as
White Flight.
Conservative Democrats who supported Republican Dwight Eisenhower
Who were the "Shivercrats"
Ballot placement in a general election?
Whoever won last time gets all the prime spots.
Who was the first Republican Governor of Texas since Reconstruction, and when was he or she elected?
William Clements in 1978
_____ was the first Republican to hold the office of Texas governor since the end of Reconstruction.
William R. Clements
__________ was the first Republican to hold the office of Texas governor sice the end of Reconstruction
William R. Clements
__________________ was the first Republican to hold office of Texas governor since the end of Reconstruction
William R. Clements (1978)
Elite
a small group of people that dominates the political process
If the legislature grants a particular corporation an exception from a state law, it is called...
a special bill
Approximately what percentage of the current population of Texas is Hispanic? a. 35 percent b. 50 percent c. 10 percent d. 65 percent e. 45 percent
a. 35 percent
49. Which court case clarified the incorporation of the Fourth Amendment, which provides protections against unreasonable searches and seizures? a. Aguilar v. Texas c. Mapp v. Ohio b. Pointer v. Texas d. Beck v. Ohio
a. Aguilar v. Texas
19. Which region is called the "core area" of Texas? a. Central Texas b. South Texas c. Panhandle d. Gulf Coast
a. Central Texas
17. Which region of Texas is socially and politically conservative and a stronghold of the Texas Republican Party? a. German Hill Country c. Gulf Coast b. West Texas d. Panhandle
a. German Hill Country
7. Which of the following is a correct statement about the individualistic political subculture? a. Government's prime objective is to further private enterprise. b. Government should intervene into the lives of individuals. c. Politics should not be used to advance an individual's own interests. d. Political corruption should not be an issue of concern.
a. Government's prime objective is to further private enterprise.
______________ state political cultures were rooted in New England, where Puritans and other religious groups sought to create the Good Society. a. Moralistic b. Monistic c. Individualistic d. Traditionalistic
a. Moralistic
22. Which Act granted married women equal rights in insurance, banking, real estate, contracts, divorce, child custody, and property rights? a. Nineteenth Amendment c. Martial Property Act b. Equal Rights Amendment d. Texas Equal Suffrage Association
c. Martial Property Act
42. The Full Faith and Credit Clause:
applies to the recognition of public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of each state by the other.
30. Which of the following is not a required step in amending the Constitution?
approval by the governor
All of the following are modern-day tactics of preventing certain groups voting EXCEPT?
canceling an election at the last minute
Most of the water used in Texas comes from?
aquifers
63. The Texas Constitution and the U.S. Constitution are alike in that
both divide governmental functions among three branches.
In Texas, the legal standard of guilt beyond reasonable doubt is used in which types of cases?
both felony and misdemanor cases
The ______________ Party dominated Texas politics from the end of Reconstruction until the 1990s. a. Republican b. Progressive c. Democratic d. Republic of Texas
c. Democratic
Today the African American population of the state is concentrated in a. South and Central Texas. b. rural areas. c. East Texas and urban areas. d. the Houston area, almost exclusively.
c. East Texas and urban areas.
4. Fifty-three percent of Texans believe we spend too little on which specific public policy? a. Adult prisons b. New highways c. Elementary and secondary education d. Higher education
c. Elementary and secondary education
47. Which U.S. Constitutional Amendment has been used by the U.S. Supreme Court to extend most of the provisions in the Bill of Rights to state governments? a. Sixteenth Amendment b. Fifteenth Amendment c. Fourteenth Amendment d. Thirteenth Amendment
c. Fourteenth Amendment
Houston is found in the Texas a. Great Plains. b. Panhandle. c. Gulf coastal plains. d. interior lowlands. e. Basin and Range Province.
c. Gulf coastal plains.
What was Stephen Austin's role in the development of Texas? a. He established the first free-range cattle ranch. b. He designed the city that bears his name. c. He worked with the Spanish government to bring American settlers into Texas. d. He was one of Texass most successful cattle barons. e. He was an important early oil entrepreneur.
c. He worked with the Spanish government to bring American settlers into Texas.
Those supporting the development of cooperative federalism a. believe that state and local governments should control domestic policy. b. embrace implicit or sole authority of governments over specific domestic policy. c. believe that the national government is the dominant authority in all policy. d. embrace the concept that all three levels of government share authority over policy. e. believe the Constitution must be rewritten to specify cooperation between governments
embrace the concept that all three levels of government share authority over policy
Party Unity and Disunity
ex: within the Republican party there are two sides one faction being religious and another being economic
For universities to be eligible for the National Research University Fund they must meet at least of the following criteria EXCEPT
have open enrollment for undergraduate students for 10 years
Texas has ______ laws dealing with lobbying by former government officials.
imposed additional lobbying reporting requirements and restrictions.
county convention
meeting held by a political party following its precinct conventions, for the purpose of electing delegates to its state convention
Early voting in Texas has been shown to produce ___________ to voter turnout.
modest increase
3 state political culture categories
moralistic individualistic traditionalistic
On average, incumbents in the Texas House of Representatives are able to fund-raise ______ challengers.
raised 2 a half times the amount of money than the challengers.
Which of the following is not a common way for interest groups to gain access to politicians and policy makers?
running for office themselves
Article IV of the Texas Constitution
specifies the executive branch. It is very IMPORTANT to note here is that the governor has limited authority to appoint other members of the executive branch
mid-1940s
split between liberals and conservatives developed in the democratic party that focused on the New Deal economic policies and civil rights measures
Texans Advocating for Meaningful Student Assessment enabled people to join together and seek policy change in a number of ways EXCEPT?
successfully removing the end-of-year course exams
66. Amendments to the Texas Constitution may be proposed by
the legislature only.
In Texas, if a sitting governor is unable to hold office due to impeachment and convictions, resignation, or death, who becomes governor?
the lieutenant governor
American political culture emphasizes
the values of liberty, equality, and democracy.
Pattern, beginning in the 1950s, of Texans voting for a Republican President but sticking with conservative Democrats for state offices is called
the shivercrat movement
There is no such thing as a. the sovereignty of state government in Texas. b. local governments as administrative subdivisions of the state. c. the sovereignty of local government in Texas. d. the sovereignty of the federal government in Texas. e. horizontal federalism between states
the sovereignty of local government in Texas
expressed powers
(17) found in article 1, section 8.
conservatism
"For much of the Texas Political history, classical liberalism, social conservatism and populism in practical terms have translated into a 'low taxes, low services' approach to government." Texans have historically, and overwhelmingly, been suspicious of government, and seeming prefer as little government as possible.
The two dominant ideologies in Texas today are usually referred to as:
"Liberalism" and "conservatism"
What theory of economic and social development hold that if business flourishes, everyone will benefit from the prosperity that follows?
"Trickle-Down"
36. What theory of economic and social development holds that if business flourishes, everyone will benefit from the prosperity that follows?
"Trickle-down"
40. The two dominant ideologies in Texas today are usually referred to as
"liberalism" and "conservatism."
According to the Texas Judicial Campaign Fairness Act, what dollar amount is a law firm limited to when donating to a statewide judicial candidate?
$30,000
The growth of Texas economy in the 1970's was fed in large measure by:
An increase in the price of oil resulting from the OPEC oil embargo.
Impresario
An individual who promotes, organizes, or helps to finance a particular endeavor.
If an interest group "gets on the late train," it means
An interest group gives contributions after the election to a winning candidate the group has earlier opposed
interest
An interest is something of value that people share and that is affected by government activity, thus they feel that it is important to defend the interest. An interest may be economic, religious, ethnic, racial, or perhaps even environmental. Whatever it is people feel strongly about it and feel the need to do something about it
"Separate but Equal"
An interpretation of the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment that held that states could segregate races as long as facilities were provided; it was overturned in 1954
issue network
An issue network is a less formal grouping of officials, lobbyists and policy specialists who are brought together by their shared interest and expertise in a particular policy area. Participants may leave or join the issue network as policy dictates. Once the issue is resolved, the network disbands.
Describe an interest group.
An org. established to influence the govs programs and policies.
States must adhere to most of the provisions of the Bill of rights because of a process known as A) inclusion of the Bill of Rights. B) incorporation of the Bill of Rights. C) expansion of the Bill of Rights. D) ratification of the Bill of Rights. E) the Stanford dictum.
B
19. Which of the following states has a larger population than Texas?
California
Which of the following does NOT have a higher incarceration rate than Texas?
California
Which of the following states has a larger population than Texas?
California
One major way for interest groups to promote the political interests of elected officials who support their viewpoints and oppose the interests of those who do NOT is engaged in
Campaign Contributions
All of the following are modern-day tactics for preventing certain groups from voting EXCEPT
Canceling an election at the last minute
In Texas elections, the __________ plays the largest role ib the running campaigns.
Candidates
Which is NOT a reason for forming a political action committee
Candidates are more likely to allow political action committee to purchase media access during election seasons
One effects of the high cost of campaigns in Texas is that
Candidates are often very wealthy individuals willing to use their own money in campaigns
Which of the following is NOT a common way for interest groups to gain access to politicans and policy makers
Chemicak company lobbyist
In Texas, all judges EXCEPT municipal judges are...?
Chosen in partisan elections.
Today, the Texas Democratic Party's base is made up of which groups?
Cities .
The Motor Voter Act of 1993 allows:____
Citizens to register to vote while applying for a license
14th amendment
Citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in U.S. which included slaves.
Which group has had notable political success by litigating in federal courts?
Civil Rights Groups
Liberalism:
Civil liberties: also complex! Tend to support restriction of gun ownership rights, but otherwise they are considered "civil libertarians", strongly supporting freedom of expression, religion, and rights of accused.
Conservatism:
Civil liberties: complex! Believe government has no role in regulating ownership of handguns, but then support things that would limit freedom of expression in certain areas (including religion). Also tend to be "tough on crime", to the degree that they do not fully support all Bill of Rights issues involving rights of the accused.
The Dixiecrats abandoned the national Democratic Party in 1948 election over the issue of...?
Civil rights
The Dixiecrats abandoned the national Democratic Party in the 1948 presidential election over the issue of
Civil rights
Which of the following groups have had notable political success by litigationg in Federal courts
Civil rights group
The lowest class of misdemeanor is which if the following?
Class C
Officially, Texas has a what kind of primary?
Closed Primary
9) Officially, Texas has a what kind of primary?
Closed primary
When a voter must declare a party affiliation before the day of voting, the election is called a(n):
Closed primary.
43. All of the following statements are correct except: A. the Texas Constitution has been amended over 330 times. B. the present state Constitution is over 100 years old. C. the Texas Constitution has been amended more frequently than the average state Constitution. D. Texas has the longest Constitution of any state.
D
44. A political culture is: A. a written set of codes which dictate political action. B. a club that attempts to influence governmental decisions. C. a major problem for rulers of stable forms of government. D. a pattern of political beliefs and values of a community.
D
28. The first article of the Texas Constitution pertains to: A. land grants. B. the three branches of government. C. impeachment. D. the Bill of Rights.
D
29. The chief obstacle to the revision of the Texas Constitution is: B. lack of constitutional provision for revision. C. popular indifference. D. opposition by powerful interest groups.
D
34. In the United States, citizens live under: A. only the U.S. Constitution. B. only the constitution of the state in which they reside. C. no constitution. D. both the U.S. and a state constitution
D
36. What theory of economic and social development holds that if business flourishes, everyone will benefit from the prosperity that follows? A. "Hidden hand" B. "Golden rule" C. "Big brother" D. "Trickle-down"
D
37. The state of Maryland imposed a tax on the Bank of the United States because: A. individuals were not being taxed on their money by the national government. B. the Bank of the United States was the only bank in Maryland. C. Maryland taxed all banks at that time. D. it feared an extension of centralized political power.
D
4. The Immigration Reform and Control Act of l986 A. appropriated funds for more INS personnel. B. provided amnesty to millions of illegal immigrants. C. penalized employers for knowingly hiring undocumented workers. D. all of the above.
D
40. The two dominant ideologies in Texas today are usually referred to as A. "individualism" and "communitarianism." B. "socialism" and "populism." C. "libertarianism" and "conservatism." D. "liberalism" and "conservatism." E. none of the above.
D
41. A constitutional power which both state and national governments may exercise in a particular area of jurisdiction is called: A. implied powers. B. expressed powers. C. exclusive powers. D. concurrent powers.
D
44. The last major effort at constitutional revision in Texas occurred in the period of: A. 1896-1900 B. 1924-1925 C. 1947-1948 D. 1971-1975
D
46. Favorable factors of the Texas economy include A. No state income tax B. Right to work option C. Pro-business attitude D. All of the above
D
48. Among the powers of government provided by the Texas constitution is A. the establishment of a unified judicial system. B. all executive power resting with the governor. C. the fusion of powers between the executive and legislative branches of government. D. legislative power vested in a bicameral legislature.
D
50. An example of an implied power is the federal government's right to: A. tax citizens. B. declare war. C. forbid the exportation of U.S. weapons. D. create a national bank.
D
50. The impact of the oil industry on Texas after 1986 is reflected by A. numerous bank failures. B. a movement to diversify Texas industry. C. reduced income for state government. D. all of the above
D
58. Which Texas Constitution provided for appointed judges and annual legislative sessions? A. The "statehood constitution" of 1845 B. The Civil War Constitution of 1861 C. The Constitution of 1866 D. The Constitution of 1869 E. The Constitution of 1876
D
59. What was Texas' most progressive constitution in terms of power and organization? A. The Constitution of the Republic of Texas B. The "statehood constitution" of 1845 C. The Civil War Constitution of 1861 D. The Constitution of 1869 E. The Constitution of 1867
D
6. States may not: A. license marriages. B. regulate sale of liquor. C. license occupations. D. make treaties with foreign nations.
D
67. Amendments to the Texas Constitution are proposed by the legislature and are ratified by A. three-fourths vote of the membership of the Supreme Court of Texas. B. two-thirds vote of the Court of Criminal Appeals. C. the governor. D. majority of the voters in a general election or special election called to ratify amendments to the Texas Constitution.
D
68. The Texas Constitution is written in such detail that it is A. an example of a model constitution. C. unnecessary to amend it. D. necessary to amend it frequently.
D
72. The last time Texans had an opportunity to vote on a new constitution was A. 1932. B. 1954. C. 1969. D. 1975. E. 1984.
D
73. The Texas Constitution of 1876 tends to A. be ripe for political pressures. B. reflect the concerns of vested interests at the time it was written. C. require frequent amendments. D. all of the above. E. none of the above.
D
76. The federal relationship between the national and state governments reveals a shift of power from the states to the national government which is largely due to A. Congress' power to tax and spend for the general welfare. B. fewer financial resources in the states to solve their own problems. C. greater financial resources at the national level. D. all of the above.
D
77. Texans in Congress A. constantly work to influence national policies and legislation in ways that will benefit the people back home. B. have impressive influence because they have a large delegation. C. lobbied hard to bring the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's mission control center and astronaut training facility to Texas. D. all of the above.
D
8. Which of the following would be helpful in identifying a political culture? A. The attitudes people hold regarding what government should do B. The attitudes people hold regarding who should rule C. The attitudes people hold regarding what role citizens should play D. All of the above
D
Although the Democratic Party dominated state politics for much of the twentieth century, by the 1950s it faced internal divisions between ________ and ________ Democrats. a. liberal; populist b. Blue Dog Democrats; Yellow Dog c. conservative; moderate d. liberal; conservative e. moderates; liberal
D
The demographic changes in Texas makes the state more similar to its southern neighbors because the Texas
Democrats will become more minority and less white
In Brown v. Board of Education, segregated school districts were ordered to...?
Desegregate their schools "with deliberate speed."
8) What is the purpose of a primary election?
Determine the party's nominees for the general election.
What is the purpose of a primary election?
Determine the party's nominees for the general election.
texas land
-2nd largest state, 267,000 sq miles -largest border w foreign country -gulf coast, rivers, fertile, desert land, plains, mountains, oil, natural gas
constitution 1845
-3 branches, checks & balances -governor was term limited -judges appointed for 6 year terms -state could divide itself into 5 new states
The immigrant Reform and Control Act of 1986:
-Appropriated funds for more INS personnel. -Provided amnesty to millions of illegal immigrants. -penalized employers for knowingly hiring undocumented workers.
Favorable factors of the Texas economy include:
-No state Income Tax -right to work option -Pro-business attitude
The impact of the oil industry on Texas after 1986 is reflected by:
-Numerous bank failures -A movement to diversify industry -reduced income for the state government.
Which of the following supports the traditionalistic political culture found in Texas?
-Southern Racist attitudes -An elitist patron system -One Party Domination
Which of the following would be helpful in identifying a political culture?
-The attitudes people hold regarding what government should do - who should rule - what role citizens should play.
An individualistic political culture is on which:
-The function of government is to serve the needs of the individuals -corruption is tolerated -The Irish, Southern and Eastern European immigrants were the founders of this culture.
constitution 1869
-black men extended right to vote, full political equality -governor given many unchecked powers
moralistic
-common good is everyone's concern -government should promote public good -identifies w democratic party
impact of progressive era on texas
-constitutional changes 16th, 17th, 19th amendment: -federal income tax establish -senators directly elected -women granted right to vote
new federalism w/ reagan
-federal aid to states cut by 12 % -remove federal gov as much as possible from local matters governed by states
texas & the new deal
-federal role expands via the interstate commerce clause -national regulation of economy -national interests in protecting civil rights
individualistic
-focuses on commercial success -less concern for mass participation in politics -identifies w libertarian party -government provide order and protect policy -bureaucracy viewed as interference
role of political parties in texas
-help candidates win elections and assist voters in making their electoral choice -provide a label under which candidates can run and which voters can identify with
texas in the progressive era
-incumbents often run unopposed -lack of party competition assures reelection -seniority in congress is easily achieved
constitution of 1876
-judges elected -schooling not required, segregated -railroads & banks heavy regulated -taxes & debt were limited
constitution of republic of texas 1836
-ministers could not hold office -slavery allowed -four tier court system -bicameral legislature
three sources of population growth in Texas
-natural increase -international immigration -domestic immigration
traditionalistic/individualistic
-one party state -business dominance -unions are mostly absent -provincialism (narrow view of the world) -limited government, rural values -low spending on social services & education -intolerant of diversity
why federalism?
-original states already existed at the time of revolution -states created federal gov, not the other way around -former colonists distrusted strong central gov.
how is texas constitution influenced by federal one?
-political power is derived from the people -power is divided among three branches -system of checks & balances limits power
texas constitution today?
-poor document -outdated laws -over amended (474) -micromanages -easy to amend, difficult to overhaul
constitution of 1866
-slaves freed -blacks can own property and sue -increased salaries for officeholders
traditionalistic
-social hierarchy -focused on tradition and maintaining social order -Politics engaged in by established wealthy families
constitution of coahuila y tejas 1827
-state was divided into three legislative districts -unicameral legislature -citizens were guaranteed liberty, security, property, & equality -wanted reduced slavery
states significant powers
-tenth amendment -police powers -concurrent powers
In Texas, why were primary elections more important than general elections during most of the twentieth century?
.
The major competition for important statewide offices in present-day Texas happens at
.
The most local voting district is called the
.
In Texas, the most oppressive restriction on the franchise was
.**
the seniority system rewarded members who spent many terms in office
During the Wilson administration, Texans held key leadership positions in Congress and had great political influence because
Congress enacted a major welfare reform bill in 1996 that eliminated entitlements under Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) and replaced it with a. Earned Income Tax Credits (EITC). b. Permanent Assistance for Individual Dependents (PAID). c. Consolidated Aid for Families in Distress (CAFD). d. Public Housing and Food Assistance (PHFA) e. Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF).
TANF
Since the late 1980s, the Texas Supreme Court has...
Taken a more pro-business direction
All of the following are principles generally supported by the Tea Party movement EXCEPT
Tea party movement advocates lower gov. spending, lower taxes and limited gov.
The largest and most effective public employee interest group in Texas is mad up of
Teachers
The largest and most effective public employee interest group in Texas is made up of...
Teachers
development of a high-tech industry after a slump in oil prices
Technological change in Texas is best evidenced by the
21. Texas political culture includes all but one of the following:
Texans are predominantly moralistic with residuals of traditionalist culture.
Texas political culture includes all BUT ONE OF THE FOLLOWING.
Texans are predominantly moralistic with residuals of traditionalist culture. NOT PART OF POLITICAL CULTURE!
Authority over railroads throughout Texas was given to the ______ in 2005.
Texas Department of Transpoartation
Know the list of the top interest groups in Texas.
Texas Medical Association, The Sierra Club, phone companies,Texas trial lawyers association.
1836; 1845
Texas became an independent republic in ____ and became part of the United States in ______
Which of the following best describes capital punishment in Texas?
Texas executes more individuals than any other state and has statistically low rate of successfully appealed capital cases.
Which statement concerning matching funds in Texas is true?
Texas has historically participated in matching funds at a relatively low rate
43. All of the following statements are correct except:
Texas has the longest Constitution of any state.
Absentee or early voting
Texas voters may vote absentee for a period of two weeks before the election at the county clerk's office or at a variety of polling places around the county.
33. The Great Depression that began in 1929 was less severe in Texas because
Texas was still substantially rural and agricultural
The Great Depression that began in 1929 was less severe in Texas because:
Texas was still substantially rural and agricultural.
13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution
The 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (1865) put an end to the institution of slavery.
14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution
The 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (1868) is a long a wordy amendment that carries a lot of meaning in several policy areas, but for our purposes here it was important because it granted citizenship to ex-slaves.
15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution
The 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (1870) state that the right to vote "shall not be denied on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude." This essentially granted former slaves (African-Americans) the right to vote.
New immigrants are more likely than Tejans to identify as Democratic and to see the Democratic Party as more supportive of immigrant right. (T/F)
True
No large interest groups in Texas represent the environment. (T/F)
True
On average, Texans are younger than the rest of the United States.
True
One advantage that a federal system has over a highly centralized government is that it allows states to experiment with ways to improve public policy. True False
True
One big difference in the campaigns of civil court judges versus criminal court judges is the amount of money involved. (T/F)
True
One factor that works against rationality is the fact that government tends to work incrementally. (T/F)
True
One of the biggest controversies concerning the method of judicial selection in Texas is that there may be conflicts of interest when judges must hear cases determining the financial interest of persons who have donated to their campaigns. (T/F)
True
One of the most influential groups in Austin is the Texas Medical Association. (T/F)
True
One reason for low levels of voter turnout in Texas is the low level of educational attainment in the state.
True
One reason for low levels of voter turnout in Texas is the low level of educational attainment in the state. (T/F)
True
Political action committees help interest groups bundle campaign donations. (T/F)
True
Prior to 1910, the Texas prisons were leased to railroads, planters, and others who provided them with food and clothing and paid a stipend to the state. (T/F)
True
Revenue bills must begin in The House of Representatives. (T/F).
True
Spending on issue advocacy ads by political action committees need NOT be reported by a candidate. (T/F)
True
Stalking is an example of a third-degree felony. (T/F)
True
T/F Controversy about admitting a new slave state held up the annexation of Texas into the United States for nine years
True
T/F Fractional rivalries exist within the Republican Party between the religious right and the economic conservatives.
True
T/F Republicans have benefitted slightly more than democrats from early voting in Texas.
True
Texas has a bill of rights containing more liberties than those found in the U.S. Bill of Rights
True
Texas has a bill of rights containing more liberties than those found in the U.S. Bill of Rights.
True
Texas has a plural executive made up of multiple popularly elected offices. (T/F)
True
Texas maintains a balanced budget because the state constitution requires it. (T/F)
True
Texas rejected the Equal Rights Amendment. Selected Answer: True False
True
The Fifteenth Amendment gives states leeway to expand the rights of their citizens.
True
The Fifteenth Amendment gives states leeway to expand the rights of their citizens. True False
True
The Governor of Texas has the authority to exercise a line-item veto. (T/F)
True
The Legislative Budget Board's draft budget, NOT the governor's budget, is the one voted upon by the legislature. (T/F)
True
The Texas Constitution and election laws call the Texas system a closed primary, because one must declare one's party affiliation before voting.
True
The Texas Constitution and election laws call the Texas system a closed primary, because one must declare one's party affiliation before voting. (T/F)
True
The U.S. Supreme Court has ruled that the Voting Rights Act applies to state judicial elections. (T/F)
True
The attorney general's office offers advisory opinions to the state agencies concerning the legality of actions. (T/F)
True
The border region is typically a Democratic Party bastion
True
The constitutionality of using property tax revenues in school finance has been an issue in terms of providing equal opportunities for Texans (T/F)
True
The governor makes approximately 3000 appointments to executives boards and commissions during a single term in office. (T/F)
True
The last Democratic governor of Texas was Ann Richards. (T/F)
True
The legislative session was particularly difficult because the Great Recession had significantly reduced state revenue. (T/F)
True
The main role of the precinct convention is to select delegates for the county level convention. (T/F)
True
Throughout its history business interests have dominated Texan political culture
True
To register in Texas, a person must have been a resident of Texas for at least 30 days. (T/F)
True
To register to vote in Texas, a person must have been a resident of Texas for at least 30 days.
True
Under the Articles of Confederation, states played a primary role in governing Americans, while the national government had very limited powers. True False
True
Under the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families program, states were given more control over welfare policies for their citizens. (T/F)
True
When the Texas state lottery went before the voters in 1991, the vast majority of Texans voted to approve it. (T/F)
True
An indictment is also known as a...?
True bill
Entertaining politicians is one of the most critical ways for lobbyists to gain access.
True.
General elections for all national, state, and local offices must be held in November.
True.
In South Texas, Democrats control many cities, towns, and school boards due to the large Latino population.
True.
Incumbents are most likely to receive large campaign contributions.
True.
Interest groups typically have more time, money, and expertise to offer politicians than do average citizens.
True.
Lobbyists may gain access to legislators by building support for an issue among their constituents.
True.
Most third-party candidates in Texas are unsuccessful in their electoral bids.
True.
One reason for low levels of voter turnout in Texas is because of low levels of educational attainment in the state.
True.
Partisan polarization refers to situations in which members of the same political party begin to fight over policy and ideological issues.
True.
Primary elections in Texas are generally held in March.
True.
Spending on issue advocacy ads by PACs need not be reported by a candidate.
True.
Texans tend to vote less than the national average.
True.
Texas instituted early voting in order to expand participation.
True.
The Dixiecrat movement led by Strom Thurmond in 1948 opposed the segregationist ideas of President Truman.
True.
The last Democratic governor of Texas was Ann Richards.
True.
The main role of the precinct convention is to select delegates for the county-level convention.
True.
To register to vote in Texas, a person must have been a resident of Texas for at least thirty days.
True.
Anglo Texans have voter turnout levels that are higher than Latino turnout levels.
True.**
More money is spent in Texas by the communications industry than any other represented interest.
True.**
The general election is held the first
Tuesday following the Monday in November of even numbered years.
Early voting increases the polling period from twelve hours to
Two weeks
Early voting increases the polling period from twelve hours to
an additional 2 weeks prior to the election used in order to expand participation
Early voting increases the polling period from twelve hours to
an additional 2 weeks prior to the election.
Primary
an election held within a party to nominate candidates to the general election or to choose delegates to a presidential nominating convention. It is held on the 2nd Tuesday in March in even numbered years in Texas. A candidate for any political office must win a majority of votes cast to receive party nomination. If no majority is acquired then the two leading candidates have a runoff thirty days later.
single-member district
an electorate that is allowed to elect only one representative for each district
34. The growth of the Texas economy in the 1970s was fed in large measure by
an increase in the price of oil resulting from the OPEC oil embargo.
The Department of Public Safety is responsible for all of the following EXCEPT...?
animal and insect control
64. The Texas Constitution provides for each of the following EXCEPT
annual regular sessions of the state legislature.
Blue Dog Democrats
another name for Conservative Democrats, mostly from the south (starting to become extinct)
45. In terms of religious preference, most Texans:
are Protestant.
In terms of religious preference, most Texans:
are Protestant.
39. The implied powers of the national government:
are delegated in Article II, Section 6.
Individuals are most likely to successfully lobby government when they...?
are not challenged by powerful organized interest groups
48. The community property laws and homestead laws in Texas
are symbols of our Spanish heritage.
dual federalism (layer cake)
a constitutional interpretation that gave the fed gov exclusive control over some issues & states exclusive control over tohers
The Texas Constitution is
a long, complex, and detailed document.
proportional representation
a multi-member district system that allows each political party representation in proportion to its percentage of the total vote
provincialism
a narrow, limited, and self-interested view of the world
44. A political culture is:
a pattern of political beliefs and values of a community.
Interest group
a private organization of individuals who have banded together because of a common cause or interest.
The Constitution of 1866 was brought about by the policies of President Abraham Lincoln who envisioned a. a state government with power shared between civilians and the military. b. a long, drawn out process whereby southern states had to meet multiple demands to reintegrate. c. a rapid return to civilian governments for Southern states and their quick reintegration into America. d. a quick reintegration of Southern states into the Union but lacking equality in many ways. e. a state government with weak powers and dominated by the national government
a rapid return to civilian governments for Southern states and their quick reintegration into America
Bribery is
a rare, but not unheard of, problem in Texas today
federalism
a system in which the federal gov shares power w/ lower levels of gov.
What is the most important type of case that the Supreme Court handles?
a tort-law case
49. The process of amending the Texas Constitution includes the provision that amendments must be proposed by:
a two-thirds majority of the total membership of both houses of the Legislature.
36. Of the different ways of ordering relations between central governments and local units, the most popular method in the world is:
a unitary system.
The practice of combining several individual campaign contributions into one larger contribution from a group in order to increase the groups impact is known as...?
bundling
why don't people vote for 3rd parties?
due to the first past the post system , only the candidate who wins the plurality votes, that is the most votes, is elected
When are elections for state offices held?
during odd-numbered, non presidential election years held in November for general election
are issues between the states that are often resolved by the U.S. Supreme Court. a. Licensing fees that affect interstate shipping, control of water resources, and boundary disputes b. Control over the use of water resources, Internet commerce, and tax jurisdictions c. Licensing fees that affect interstate banking, boundary disputes and tax jurisdiction d. Boundary disputes, licensing fees that affect interstate banking, and Internet commerce e. Licensing fees that affect interstate shipping, internet commerce, and boundary disputes
boundary disputes, licensing fees that affect interstate banking, and internet commerce.
Ideological Groups:
broad agenda that derives from a philosophical or moral position Examples: Christian Coalition of America, NAACP, NOW
We generally separate the media into two types
broadcast (television and radio), and print (newspapers and magazines). I do not feel that it is overly important to know much (at this point) about the media). However, I do feel that you should be aware that the media tends, in Texas, to be pretty conservative, primarily because the media more often than not relies on advertising revenues from other businesses in the local areas, thus tending to reflect the business point of view on most issues (hard to bite the hand that feeds you).
political culture
broadly shared values, beliefs, and attitudes about how government and society should function
political culture
broadly shared values, beliefs, and attitudes about how the government should function. American political culture emphasizes the values of liberty, equality, and democracy
universal health care for all Americans
For eligible participants, the Social Security Act of 1935 instituted all of the following EXCEPT
7) Runoff primaries are generally held when?
Generally held the second Tuesday in April between the two candidates receiving the most votes.
The 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act provided amnesty to illegal immigrants who had moved to the U.S. prior to a. January 1, 1942. b. January 1, 1952. c. January 1, 1962. d. January 1, 1972. e. January 1, 1982
January 1, 1982
The Constitution of 1876 established the ________ branches of government. a. judicial, executive, and bureaucratic b. bureaucratic, executive, judicial, and legislative c. executive, and judicial d. judicial, executive, and legislative e. judicial, legislative, and bureaucratic
Judicial, executive, and legislative
46. When the national government institutes a military draft, it is using its:
implied powers
It is difficult to make wholesale changes to the Texas Constitution because a. few groups and interests benefit from the existing constitution. b. Texas citizens value its wording and language too much. c. Texas has a long history of support of state and local government. d. the legislature is hesitant to propose amendments to the constitution. e. in the vernacular of the lay person, "If it ain't broke, don't fix it."
in the vernacular of the lay person, "If it ain't broke, don't fix it."
What are the two most important factors that determine voter turnout
income and education
In the past twenty years, Congress has a. increased the number of mandates and preemptions forced on the states. b. decreased the number of mandates and preemptions forced on the states. c. eliminated mandates and preemptions forced on the states. d. superseded mandates and preemptions with the concept of federalism. e. decreased the federal role in policymaking in favor of the states
increased the number of mandates and preemptions forced on the states.
As in the U.S. Congress, most campaign contributiuons inTexas go to
incumbents
Which PACs spend the least amount of money in Texas elections?
incumbents**
15. German immigrants to Texas were socially conservative, suspicious of government, and self-sufficient. The subculture in areas they settled is referred to as
individualistic
Increased economic integration between Mexico and the United States is having an impact on concerns such as a. infrastructure requirements, river management, and water rights. b. air pollution, river management, and education policy. c. health care, vaccination rates, and birth rates. d. infrastructure requirements, air pollution, and health care. e. river management, water rights, and air pollution
infrastructure requirements, air pollution, and health care.
In the 1972 case Ruiz v. Estelle, the U.S. federal court determined that..
inmates' constitutionally guaranteed rights had been violated in Texas prisons.
All of the following are benefits an interest group has over private citizens except
interest groups have greater legitimacy with politicians than citizens do
Because the writers of the U.S. Constitution foresaw the necessity to organize formal agreements between states, they provided for ________ compacts. a. intrastate b. regional c. sectional d. interstate e. border
interstate
political socialization
introduction of individuals into the political culture; learning the underlying beliefs and values on which the political system is based
The Asian-American population of Texas:
is Primarily immigrant, having come from Southeast Asia.
47. The Asian-American population of Texas
is primarily immigrant, having come from Southeast Asia.
Co-optation
is the transition of an agency from guardian of the public interest to a defender of private interests
The purpose of statutory law a. is to expand upon general provisions laid out in a constitution through legislative laws. b. is to require voter approval on amendments to a constitution. c. is to lay the basic principles of a constitution to later be expanded upon. d. is to allow the executive of a state to issue laws without legislative approval. e. is to specifically replace unconstitutional laws with constitutional amendments
is to expand upon general provisions laid out in a constitution through legislative laws.
When individuals or interest groups take out ads concerning a campaign issue but do not tie them directly to any particular candidate, it is called
issue advocacy.
Dixiecrats abandoned the national Democratic Party in the 1948 presidential election over the issue of
issue of Civil rights (racial integration) Dixiecrats are 3rd party conservative democrats
Which of the following was part of the Constitution of 1845? a. The governor was appointed by the plural executive. b. The attorney general was elected. c. Power was centralized in the judiciary. d. It established a biennial legislature. e. Women were denied private property rights
it established a biennial legislature
37. The state of Maryland imposed a tax on the Bank of the United States because:
it feared an extension of centralized political power.
Major state officials are elected in non-presidential years because
it prevents popular presidential candidates from influencing the outcomes of the Texas races.
What best describes the conflict between Mexico and the newly formed Republic of Texas in 1836? a. The forces of the Republic of Texas only secured victory through American assistance. b. It was a short conflict with relatively light casualties. c. In a brief conflict, the Republic of Texas lost not a single battle to Mexico. d. It was a long drawn out conflict lasting 2 years and inflicting thousands of casualties. e. It took place over several years with intermittent fighting with light casualties
it was a SHORT conflict with relatively light casualties
30. The purpose of the Ku Klux Klan in Texas and throughout the South was to
keep Blacks in a position of inferiority
The purpose the klu-klux-klan in Texas and throughout the south was to:
keep Blacks in a position of inferiority.
79. One disadvantage of devolution is
lack of state funds to cope with the responsibility.
48. Among the powers of government provided by the Texas constitution is
legislative power vested in a bicameral legislature.
69. Over the last century, most amendments to the Texas Constitution have dealt with policy issues that they say should have been resolved by the
legislature.
54. When a government's acts are accepted by the citizens as lawful, fair, and just, the government is said to have
legitimacy
In addition to liberals and conservatives, there are also two other ideological types that deserve mention here:
libertarians and populists
In modern day Texas, control of state government
lies solely in the hands of Republicans
An underlying principle of the 1876 constitution is that of a social compact that rests on the concepts of popular sovereignty and compact theory, as well as the principles of a. limited government and separation of powers. b. checks and balances and separation of powers. c. separation of powers and unlimited government. d. checks and balances and unlimited powers. e. limited government and checks and balances
limited government and separation of powers
State and local party organizations do all of the following EXCEPT....?
litigate against unfavorable policies
During the Reagan administration, a. little was done to reduce federal power and return authority to the states despite that being a goal. b. federal welfare programs were transferred to the states to administer. d. spending authority gradually returned to states, though the size of the federal government increased. e. many policies concerning the states enacted by President Carter were overturned
little was done to reduce federal power and return authority to the states despite that being a goal
precinct chair
local party official, elected in the party's primary election, who heads the precinct convention and serves on the party's county executive committee
Which principle is generally NOT supported by the Tea Party?
low Government spending
37. The significance of the Texas laissez-faire ideology is seen in the
low funding appropriated for educational attainment
Which of the following would best characterize traditional, individualistic political culture?
low taxes and deference to business leaders
If Texas instituted a progressive income tax..
low-income Texans would pay a lower rate than wealthy Texans
Theories of Power in Modern Democracies
majoritarianism, elitism, pluralism
67. Amendments to the Texas Constitution are proposed by the legislature and are ratified by
majority of the voters in a general election or special election called to ratify amendments to the Texas Constitution.
6. States may not:
make treaties with foreign nations.
14. This is not the state power according to the 10th amendment:
making treaties
20. Weaknesses of Texas constitution include:
many amendments, rigid restrictions, and excessive detail.
political culture is defined by state orientation toward:
marketplace role of government who should participate in gov & politics
examples for full faith and credit
marriage & divorce
Special elections
may be called to fill vacancies in Congress or the state legislature, or to vote on proposed constitution amendments. However, the most common use of special elections is when cities choose their councils, or special districts (such as school districts) choose their boards.
Unlike private citizens involved in politics, better funded interest groups have several advantages EXCEPT?
media access
The most costly charge in a presidential campaign is?
media advertising
The most costly item for most political campaign is
media advertising
Privately funded campaigns
money comes entirely from private citizens or groups. Reform of campaign funding has primarily focused on restricting how much individuals can contribute to a campaign.
Publicly funded campaigns
money comes from a central pool that is shared equally by all candidates. The United States is one of few democracies which do not use this method of campaign funding.
By advocating for the consolidation of categorical grants into block grants, President Nixon sought to provide states with a. more discretion over the allocation of funds received by the federal government. b. a higher degree of control and management over federally funded projects. c. the ability to oversee funding of very specific programs. d. money without requiring the states to provide a specific funding request. e. more preference in choosing interest rates to pay back the government
more discretion over the allocation of funds received by the federal gov.
One of the reasons why party politics in Texas differs from that of other southern states is because
most other southern states have a historically larger African American population than Texas.
Shivercrat movement
movement led by the Texas governor Allan Shivers during the 1950s in which conservative Democrats in Texas supported Republican candidate Dwight Eisenhower for the presidency because many of those conservative Democrats believed that the national Democratic Party had become too liberal
For an independent candidate to get on the ballot in Texas, which requirement must they meet
must gain petition signatures from registered voters who did not previously participate in any political party primary election. not often on the ballot because the signature/petition requirements are often too stringent also they lack the political support of party organizations and the advantage of having a party label on the ballot
Of the fifty states ranked by per capita distribution of federal grants to state and local government, Texas ranks a. fifth. b. twenty-fifth. c. in the middle third. d. thirtieth. e. near the bottom
near the bottom
68. The Texas Constitution is written in such detail that it is
necessary to amend it frequently.
1. In Marbury v. Madison, the Supreme Court decided that:
none of the above.
19. Which one of the following statements is correct about the case of Marbury v. Madison?
none of the above.
During the 1980s, a growing number of critics alleged that welfare programs were...
not helping to create a dysfunctional underclass of people who depend upon them for survival.
In Wickard v. Filburn, the Supreme Court decided that Congress had improperly used the interstate commerce clause. Congress had no authority to regulate commerce. not only could Congress regulate interstate commerce but it could regulate anything that affected prices and market conditions. Roscoe Filburn was right and he was to be paid $117.11 by the federal government. the New Deal was not subject to any constitutional limitations.
not only could Congress regulate interstate commerce but it could regulate anything that affected prices and market conditions.
As per your online textbook, "the concept of political culture refers to how we view the following four aspects of politics, government and society:
o The relationship between government and the people o Rights and responsibility of the people o Obligations of government o Limits of government authority
Duverger's Law
observation that in a single-member district system of electing representatives, a two-party system will emerge
Duverger's Law
observation that single member districts result in two-party systems.
The Texas legislature takes office in January on..
odd-numbered years
The organization and operation of our federal system of government is a system a. dictated by the national government. b. of shared responsibilities but not shared functions. c. of divergent functions and responsibilities. d. of shared functions but not shared responsibilities. e. of many shared functions and responsibilities
of shared responsibilities but not shared functions
The most important role for political parties in Texas elections is to
offer a candidate a label by which he or she can identify with the voters the roles are -provide label under which voters may identify -help raise money for candidates campaigns -organize government xx- not to lobby the legislature on behalf of the party's membership
Closed primary
only registered members of a party may participate in that party's primary.By law Texas holds a closed primary, but voters may vote in any party's primary with the understanding that once they have voted in one party's primary they may not participate in the affairs of another party in that same year.
The purpose of a(n) ________ is to allow any registered voter to cast a ballot in either primary, but not both. There are no party restrictions.
open primary
Which of the following substitutes was NOT presented as an alternative means of judicial selection?
open primary elections, followed by general nonpartisan retention elections
29. The chief obstacle to the revision of the Texas Constitution is:
opposition by powerful interest groups.
12. Federal government obligations to states include all of the following except
organize and hold elections for state office C. respect territorial integrity
Citizen Groups:
organized interests formed by individuals drawn together by opportunities to promote a cause in which they believe that that does not provide them significant individual economic benefits.
Smith versus Allwright
outlawed the white primary.
45. The Texas Constitution has been amended (as of the present date):
over 450 times.
state convention
party meeting held every two years for the purpose of nominating candidates for statewide office, adopting a platform, electing the party's leadership, and in presidential election years selecting delegates for the national convention and choosing presidential electors
A defining characteristic of federalism is that
rather than being held exclusively or primarily by one body, governing authority is divided at different levels among several bodies.
28. The first article of the Texas Constitution pertains to:
the Bill of Rights.
In the post-Civil War era, the only parts of Texas that showed significant Republican leanings were
the German counties in Texas hill county, and Dallas county.
14. The individualistic culture in Texas is most prominent in
the Hill Country
Which interest is NOT represented in a list of the top interest groups in Texas?
the environment
Which interest is not represented in a list of the top interest groups in Texas?
the environment
Campaign
the period of time before voting day begins when candidates attempt to influence potential voters to support them.
17. The term implied powers refers to:
the power of the federal government to make laws to implement stated policies.
In Texas, the most oppressive restriction on the franchise was
the white primary
5. The primary consequence of a state being a part of a federal system is that:
there is a division of power between two levels of government.
Presidential Republicanism
voting pattern in which conservatives vote for Democratic for state offices but Republican for presidential candidates
regulated federalism
w/ increased funding the fed demands higher standards & stricter uses for funds.
new federalism w/ clinton
welfare reform in 1996, grants tied to federal rules
1970s
when more people started to identify themselves as Republican compared to Democrat
The mass exodus of more affluent whites from urban areas to suburban areas is sometimes referred to as
white flight
The typical Texas legislator is most likely to be a...
white, affluent businessman
which demographic group has the largest percentage share of voters in Texas?
whites
The demographic changes in Texas makes the state more similar to its southern neighbors because the Texas Democrats....
will become more minority less white
constitution 1861
-banned freeing slaves -few changes -purpose was to leave union and take a side
Congress gained the power to tax income through
16th Amendment
The 8F croud was
A loose but influential group of Texas businessmen
Basin and Range Province
Big Bend is found in what region of Texas?
Which of the following is the bet example of public interest groups
Common Cause
Which event occurred at Spindletop, Texas?
Oil was discovered
Know the function of political parties.
Previous
a narrow view of the world
Provincialism is best defined as
Which state office was eliminated in 1996?
State Treasurer
suffrage
THE RIGHT TO VOTE
Cotton is one of the oldest crops grown in Texas
True
Open primary
any registered voter may participate in a party's primary
state executive committee
committee responsible for governing a party's activities throughout the state
The major trial courts in Texas are..
district courts
what two types of powers does constitution grant fed. gov?
expressed & implied
precinct
most basic level of political organization at the local level
Brown versus Board of Education
outlawed the segregation of public schools.
Texas was the first state in the South to...?
ratify the women's suffrage amendment
suffrage
simply defined as the right to vote.
concurrent powers
states & fed share powers
laissez-faire
the idea of the free market
urbanization
the process by which people move from rural areas to cities
What can lobbyists do?
try to gain access to policy makers and communicate their objectives to them.
13. The traditionalistic culture
wants experienced politicians running the government.
The largest city in Texas is
Houston
Latinos currently represent ________ percent of the Texas population
38
Latinos currently represent __________ percent of the Texas population
38
Which city in Texas currently has the largest population?
Houston
Gulf coastal Plains
Houston is found in the Texas
The largest city in Texas is
Houston.
new federalism w/ nixon
block grants, less federal money & interference
What percentage of state funding is allocated to public education?
45%
Which party dominated Texas politics throughout most of the twentieth century?
Democrats
There are no legal restrictions on lobbying by former Texas governors or legislatures..
False.
To avoid conflicts of interest, all lobbyists in Texas are required to represent only a single client.
False.
True or
False.
What is an open primary?
It is an election that doesn't require voters to register with a party to vote.
What is a closed primary?
It is an election that requires voters to register with a party to vote.
Material benefits:
Special goods, services, or money provided to group members to entice others to join.
The Democratic Party in the state shrank to become the minority party when...
The Reagan Revolution reached Texas
Lobbyist may gain access to legislators by bundling support for an issue among their constituents. (T/F)
True
Dixiecrats
(3rd party) conservative democrats who abandoned the national democratic party in the 1948 presidential election
La Raza Unida
(3rd party) political party formed in Texas in order to bring attention to the concerns of Mexican Americans
Libertarian Party
(3rd party) still exists, believe in limited govt. and can be considered fiscal conservatives and social liberties
Much of the money in the state budget lies outside the direct control of the legislature. (T/F)
True
What is the function of EMILY's list?
provides early campaign funding for female candidates
Tea Party Movement
--politics in Texas are becoming more polarized --has had the largest impact on state legislative races in recent years
Current voting requirements
18 years old, U.S. citizen who has lived in Texas for 30 days.
In Texas, the ______ Party usually experiences higher voter turnout than the ______ Party does.
**.
Most PAC spending in Texas represents
**.
One effect of the high cost of campaigns in Texas is that
**.
texas parties in the national context
- parties tend to have less power at the state level than the national gov. - reason being they often deal with who is most effective at creating jobs and keeping districts safe for residents -partisanship has been less important in running the everyday business of the state
All of the following are principles generally supported by the Tea Party movement EXCEPT
--low taxes term limits balanced budgets --low government spending --limited government xx not increased immigration
Texas Democrats have been relegated to a minority status at the state level since
.1994
What are modern-day tactics for preventing certain groups from voting?
.At-large system, reducing the number of polling places in certain areas, the presence of broken voting machines, misleading info provided by voters, and voter intimidation .
Officially, Texas has a
.Closed primary*
Interest groups are often powerful in states
.In one-party states
The fastest-growing demographic group in Texas is _____________, the majority of whom vote _____________.
.Latinos , Democrats
When are elections for state offices held?
.Nov
Which elections is voter turnout the highest?
.Presidential elections
As in the U.S. Congress, most campaign contributions in Texas go to
.Resources to get out the vote
What was the problem Speaker Sam Rayburn identified with the "steak men" at the beginning of the twentieth century?
.They sell their vote on a bill for dinner
Major statewide officials are elected in nonpresidential election years because
.This arrangement seeks to prevent popular presidential candidates from influencing the outcomes of Texas races
Which demographic group has the largest percentage share of voters in Texas?
.White
The most recent renewals to the Voting Rights Act require
.bilingual ballots
Common ways for interest groups to gain access to politicians and policy makers?
.funding, info, expertise
Highly partisan legislation passed in 2011 now requires Texans to
.photo identification cards
Conservative Democrats in Texas are also known as
.shivercrats**
Women were given the right to vote in the United States with the passage of the.
.the 19th amend.
The pattern, beginning in the 1950s, of Texans voting for a Republican president but sticking with conservative Democrats for state offices is called.
.the shivercrat movement
Both major parties hold their state conventions on a weekend in June during even-numbered years. The party state executive committee (SEC) decides when and where the convention is to be held. Depending on the year of the election cycle in which it occurs, the June convention performs some or all of the following activities:
1) It certifies to the Secretary of State the party nominees for the general election in November. 2) It writes the party platform. 3) It selects the members of the SEC. 4) It names the Texas committeeman and committeewoman to the national party committee. 5) During presidential years, it selects the "at-large" delegates to the national party convention (who are not committed to supporting any particular candidate, as opposed to the "pledged" delegates who are sworn to support specific candidates and whose identity depends on the support candidates received in the March primary election). 6) It selects a slate of presidential electors to serve in the Electoral College in the event the party's candidates for president and vice president win in Texas.
Why do so few Texans vote?
1) Low education 2) low income 3) high poverty 4) located in South 5) young population etc. See page 148
Why don't people in Texas vote? There are several reasons for this:
1) Political socialization - we don't encourage it. We are taught to accept government. 2) Political party system - historically weak in Texas with one dominant party. This discourages public policy debates from different viewpoints. 3) Socioeconomic and ethnic status - Texas has historically been considered a poor state. Statistically the poor are less likely to vote. 4) Americans vote too much. In Europe typical voter votes only 2 to 3 times in a four years period whereas many Americans are faced with a dozen or more separate elections on the same period of time. Americans are also expected to vote for a wider range of political offices too. With and average of one elected official for every 440 citizens there is virtually an election somewhere in the U.S. every week. We are weary of voting.
There are 4 elements of realignments:
1) The disruption of the political order because of the emergence of one or more unusually powerful and divisive issues. 2) An election contest in which the voters shift their support strongly in favor of one party. 3) A major change in policy through the action of the stronger party. 4) An enduring change in the party coalitions, which works to the lasting advantage of the dominant party.
Interest groups differ from political parties in the following respects:
1) The focus of parties is broad, encompassing many interests, while the focus of a group is narrow, comprising just one interest 2) Parties attempt to gain power by running candidates in elections while groups merely try to influence officeholders. 3) Parties must appeal to citizenry for support while groups may work entirely behind the scenes.
Federalism makes an impact on Texas politics in several ways:
1) a significant portion of state revenue each year comes from federal grants 2) the U.S. Congress can appropriate funds through military bases, highway funding, etc. 3) the Constitution and laws of the U.S. are considered supreme, so when there is a conflict between a state's laws and the U.S., those of the U.S. take precedence.
Our analysis on ideological types is based upon looking at ideology on these four policy areas:
1) economic issues 2) social issues (government's role in resolving complex social problems: school desegregation, health issues, etc) 3) government's role in deciding moral issues 4) position on civil liberties
There are three general rules of interest-group formation:
1) economic producing groups are more likely to be organized than consuming groups 2) regardless of the type of group, people with more education and income are more likely to join than are people with less income and education 3) citizens who join groups out of personal involvement (as opposed to economic stake) tend to feel very strongly about the particular issue that is the group's reason for existence.
Successful candidates follow two simple rules of campaigning:
1) get your name recognized in a popular way 2) keep your arguments simple and emotional
Constitution of 1869
1) it greatly centralized power in the state government, especially in the office of the governor, giving him considerable appointive power 2) it provided for generous salaries for state officials 3) it stipulated appointed judges 4) called for annual legislative sessions 5) took away considerable power from the counties and local governments, thus giving more authority for governing decisions at the state level rather than with local governments
Two aspects to government:
1) the institutions in a society which make decisions that affect the whole society 2) it also involves the processes by which decisions are made. Know this: government is deeply involved in politics, but politics is also found in other aspects of society.
5) When it comes to political participation Verba & Nie identified six types of participants. Be able to list and define them
1)In-actives: Individuals who take no part in politics 2)Voting specialists: those who confine their efforts to only voting 3)Parochial participants: those who become active in politics when the issue has a direct effect on them 4) Campaigners: those who like the activity & the controversial & competitive nature of political campaigns 5) Communalists: those who while being active voters avoid the combat & controversy of partisan campaigns & are attractive to other kinds of nonpartisan, non-controversial community activity. 6) Complete activists: those who get involved in all levels and kinds of activity.
3) Identify the several factors used to determine who votes. (Make sure you know the one particular model used by political scientists and pollsters).
1. 18 yrs of age 2. a U.S. citizen 3. a resident of TX for 30 days 4. a resident of the country for 30 days
Two of the most important factors that may have helped Texas escape the worst of the Great Recession were:
1. An increasingly diversified economy lubricated by international trade. 2. A resurgent oil and gas industry.
What two metropolitan areas stand out as national centers for the rapidly evolving high-tech industry?
1. Austin-San Marcos. 2. DFW.
Three factors account for the population growth in Texas:
1. Natural increase as a result of the difference between births and deaths. 2. International immigration, particularly from Mexico. 3. Domestic immigration from other states.
Three continuing patterns that has helped define Texas's political culture are:
1. One-Party State. 2. Provincialism. 3. Business dominance.
six flags over texas
1. Spain 2. France 3. Mexico 4. Republic of Texas 5. Confederacy 6. U.S.
What are the four distinct physical regions in Texas?
1. The Gulf Coastal Plains. 2. The Interior Lowlands. 3. The Great Plains. 4. The Basin Range Province.
Two notions of equality also play important roles in the political culture of Texas.
1. The idea of equality of opportunity. 2. Political equality.
What are the three great waves of technological change that have helped define and redefine the Texas political economy over the last 150 years?
1. The production of cotton and cattle and their distribution by an extensive railroad system. 2. The oil industry. 3. The development of the high-tech digital economy.
Texas original voting requirements?
1. White males 2. 21 years old 3. U.S. citizens 4. Live in Texas for a year 5. Live in county for 6 months 6. Had to own property for bond election
three waves of technological change in texas
1.cotton & cattle 2.oil 3.technology inovations
When only constitutional amendments are on the ballot, less than percent of registered voters turn out to vote. a. 10 b. 25 c. 30 d. 45 e. 50
10
What is the average amount of time an inmate spends on death row in Texas before execution?
10.26 years
Since 1998, __________ percent of statewide elected offices have been held by Republicans.
100
Which amendment was commonly referred to as the States' Rights Amendment? - the Tenth Amendment - the Seventeenth Amendment - the Nineteenth Amendment - the Sixteenth Amendment - the Ninth Amendment
10th Amendment
The constitutional convention called to fix our current document was composed of a. 181 specially elected citizens. b. 254 experts on Texas government. c. 181 members of the legislature. d. 59 citizens chosen by the legislature. e. 231 members of the legislature
181 MEMBERS of the legislature
The first Texas constitution was adopted in a. 1824. b. 1827. c. 1836. d. 1861. e. 1869
1827
Texas became an independent republic in ______ and became part of the United States in ______. A) 1836; 1845 B) 1827; 1869 C)1827; 1861 D) 1844; 1845
1836; 1845
15th amendment
1870, states couldn't restrict voting due to race.
In what year was Texas's current constitution ratified?
1876
In what year was Texas's current constitution ratified? A) 1845 B) 1828 C) 1975 D) 1876
1876
Texas was governed primarily by the Democratic Party from what years?
1876 to the early 1990s.
What years did the Democratic party have a white primary?
1900-1944
When was the state law about primaries passed and what did it state?
1903 and it stated that if the party had 100,000 votes in the last election, they were required to have a primary.
19th amendment
1920, women could vote.
When did Allen Shivers run for governor?
1952
When was the first year republicans qualified for a primary and what happened?
1954 and they moved the number of votes up to 200,000 so that there wouldn't have to be a primary that year.
The Latino movement known as La Raza Unida occurred during the
1960's
The Latino movement known as La Raza Unida occurred during the...?
1960's
Latinos currently represent _____ percent of Texas population.
38
When did early registration get overturned by the federal courts?
1971
26th amendment
1971, lowered voting age to 18.
44. The last major effort at constitutional revision in Texas occurred in the period of:
1971-1975
When was La Raza Unida founded and who were they?
1972 and they were a group of Hispanic Democrats.
. The last time a constitutional convention was called to rewrite the Constitution of 1876 was in a. 1996. b. 1982. c. 1974. d. 1971. e. 2000
1974
72. The last time Texans had an opportunity to vote on a new constitution was
1975.
In what year did we see the highest percentage of judges obtaining their positions initially through appointment at the trial court level?
1984
Texas has been governed primarily by the Republic Part from what years?
1990s to today.
Texas Democrats have been relegated to a minority status at the state level since
1994
Texas Democrats have never been relegated to a minority status at the state level since...
1994
By _____ (what year?), every elected state official was Republican.
1998
Women were given the right to vote after what was passed?
19th Amendment
Women were given the right to vote in the United States with the passage of the
19th Amendment
Know about women's suffrage in Texas.
19th amend. ratified in 1919, gave women the right to vote Anti-women rights activist- Joseph Bailey, Farmer Jim Ferguson Pro-women rights activist- Tinie Wells, wife of Jim Wells. William P. Hobby
12) Women were given the rights to vote in the United States with the passage of what?
19th amendment, ratified in 1919
The general election is held the....
1st Tuesday of November of even numbered years
Early voting increases the polling period from 12 hours to
2 weeks
After 1994, Democrats controlled the Texas house until __________, but republicans held every statewide office.
2002
Money from the federal government accounts for approximately ________ of the total Texas budget. a. 17 percent b. 25 percent c. 30 percent d. 39 percent e. 66 percent
30 percent
Which of the following best describes the requirements to be a judge of the Texas Supreme Court?
35 years of age, citizen of the United States, resident of Texas, practicing attorney or judge for at least 10 years
According to the text, the voters of Texas had approved constitutional amendments by the end of 2011 while the U.S. Constitution has been amended _____ times since 1789, including the 10 amendments that make up the Bill of Rights. a. 181, 35 b. 254, 10 c. 365, 44 d. 474, 27 e. 526, 51
474,27
According to a 2007 census, Texas had around ________ governmental units. a. 5,000 b. 15,000 c. 50,000 d. 30,000 e. 10,000
5000
Texas exported more than ________ worth of goods to Mexico in 2008. a. $13.4 billion b. $62 billion c. $77.5 billion d. $124 billion e. $223 billion
62 billion
In Texas, felony juries are composed of ____ people and misdemeanor juries are composed of______.
6;12
Approximately what percentage of the state's voting age population is registered to vote
70 percent
Approximately what percentage of the states voting age population is registered to vote
70 percent 71.91
Approximately what percentage of the state's voting-age population is registered to vote?
70%
Approximately what percentage of the state's voting-age population is registered to vote?
70.3%.
About __% of the state's voting age population is registered to vote.
71.91%
Approximately what percentage of eligible Texans are registered to vote?
72%
Approximately what percentage of Texas Hispanic registered voters identify themselves as Democrats?
76%
A recent Texas poll found that ______ percent of judges felt that campaign contributions had at least some influence on judicial decisions.
86%
What percentage of the 819 justices of the peace in Texas are non-lawyers?
92%
What percentage of the state judges nationwide are white?
92%
11. The goal of new federalism is to: A. reduce the restrictions attached to federal grants. B. increase the restrictions attached to federal grants. C. reduce the role of state governments concerning federal grants. D. increase the role of the federal government concerning grants.
A
12. The moralistic subculture A. encourages government involvement in social and economic issues. B. discourages government involvement in social and economic issues. C. opposes active citizen participation in politics. D. encourages elite control.
A
13. The traditionalistic culture A. wants experienced politicians running the government. B. feels that the national government should do more to help the disadvantaged. C. believe that businesses and individuals should let more things be done by government. D. stresses that everyone should have an equal opportunity to participate in government.
A
21. The Republic of Texas: A. became the 28th state of the U.S. in 1845. B. joined the U.S. as a state in 1836. C. was formed in 1845 with a Declaration of Independence from Mexico. D. drafted and adopted its third constitution in 1836.
A
23. Which of the following is not one of the articles of the Texas Constitution? A. Miscellaneous B. Powers of Government C. Impeachment D. Railroads
A
26. What tax was levied for extraction of natural resources in Texas? A. Severance Tax B. Property Tax C. Oil & Gas Tax D. School Tax E. Road Use Tax
A
27. You and your spouse are granted a divorce by a Reno, Nevada, court, but Texas (your home state) refuses to recognize your new marital status. Which right is Texas abridging? A. Full faith and credit B. Privileges and immunities C. Right of eminent domain D. Right of free enterprise
A
29. Following the Civil War, most African Americans in Texas voted for A. Republicans. B. Democrats. C. Populists. D. Greenbacks.
A
3. In the Texas constitution, the Bill of Rights A. protects many rights also protected in the United States Constitution. B. is shorter than the Bill of Rights in the United States Constitution. C. protects the government against the people's actions. D. proclaims Texas to be a free and independent state, subject to no limitations.
A
31. In 1876 after Democrats regained control of the state government, a constitution was adopted that A. represented a return to the traditional principles of the Jeffersonian Democrats and the limited government. B. meant new high taxes. C. required an active government. D. strengthened the powers of all elected officials.
A
33. The Great Depression that began in 1929 was less severe in Texas because A. Texas was still substantially rural and agricultural. B. Texas was more industrialized. C. major oil companies were flooding the markets with cheap oil. D. almost everyone was employed.
A
36. Of the different ways of ordering relations between central governments and local units, the most popular method in the world is: A. a unitary system. C. a federal system. D. a bicameral system.
A
39. Texas has a well-earned reputation for uniqueness due to A. the intense state patriotism of Texans. B. its experience with slavery. C. its defeat in a Civil War. D. its extraordinary concern for the general welfare of all people.
A
47. Article I of the present Texas Constitution pertains to: A. Bill of Rights. B. the legislative branch. C. the executive branch. D. public education.
A
48. The community property laws and homestead laws in Texas A. are symbols of our Spanish heritage. B. are indicative of Texas' long-standing support for equal rights. C. are responsible for settling the land claims of the Kickapoo Indians. D. have been copied by all the other forty-nine states.
A
49. The migration of people from rural regions to growing cities is called A. urbanization B. suburbanization. C. metropolitanization. D. the Industrial Revolution.
A
6. In economic policy, the basic principle underlying conservatism is A. economic laissez-faire. B. government regulation. C. central planning. D. social equality. E. personal individualism.
A
66. Amendments to the Texas Constitution may be proposed by A. the legislature only. B. either the legislature or the governor. C. either the legislature or the state's voters. D. either the governor or the state's voters. E. none of the above.
A
7. Texas has a political culture that is best described as A. traditionalistic/individualistic. B. traditionalistic/moralistic. C. individualistic/traditionalistic. D. individualistic/moralistic. E. moralistic/traditionalistic.
A
71. A constitutional amendment adopted in 1972 authorized _____ to convene itself as a constitutional convention. A. the legislature B. the Supreme Court C. the Texas Constitutional Revision Commission D. the Texas Bar Association E. none of the above
A
75. A series of assistance programs called the New Deal illustrate a A. shift in attitude that favors a national solution to local problems. B. federal system that is unchangeable. C. shift in attitude that favors state and local solutions to societal problems. D. federal system that denies central governmental aid and regulations at the local level.
A
Dual federalism A) refers to a system of govt where states do most of the governing. B) existed in the US following WWII, C) rejected the idea that states were sovereign political entities. D) is the idea that there are two branches to the national legislature. E) drained all power from state govts.
A
In Texas, primary elections are usually held in a. March. b. May. c. August. d. November. e. April.
A
Major state officials are elected in nonpresidential years because a. it prevents popular presidential candidates from influencing the outcomes of Texas races. b. it increases voter turnout. c. it allows popular Republican presidential candidates to draw more than the usual number of Republican votes. d. it is possible that independent and minor party candidates also appear on general election ballots. e. it decreases voter turnout.
A
The equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment A) makes it difficult for states to discriminate against minorities. B) is rarely used by federal courts. C) ensures that states will continue to have a republican form of govt. D) mandates the right to vote for all adult citizens. E) requires all states to have an equal number of senators.
A
The outcome of a court case involving the equal protection clause A) tends to be determined by the standard of review that is used. B) depends on how unequal the law is. C) depends on the skill of the lawyers. D) can never be predicted. E) is usually in favor of the state.
A
The relationship between the states and the national govt A) has been a matter of continuing controversy throughout the nation's history. B) was finally settled when the Articles of Confederation were rejected in favor of the US Constitution. C) was resolved for all time by the Civil War. D) was resolved by Article I, Section 8 of the US Constitution. E) was not a problem in a federal system.
A
The use of categorical grants was a way of promoting A) cooperative federalism. B) dual federalism. D) bipartisan federalism. E) civil rights.
A
Which of the following third-party movements had the most success in winning elections in the post-World War II era? a. La Raza Unida b. the Constitution Party c. the Kinky Friedman movement d. the Green Party e. the Occupy movement
A
moderate
A Tea Party political action committee, Club for Growth Action, targeted Lieutenant Governor David Dewhurt in his 2012 race in the Republican primary with a $1 million television ad campaign in which he was labeled a ____, the new derogatory label for a candidate in Texas.
Moralistic
A belief that government is designed to promote the public good describes ______ political culture.
Underlying water policy in Texas is...
A complicated system of private property rights
is a system in which each member government is considered sovereign, and the national government is limited to powers delegated to it by its member governments. a. A confederation b. A federation c. An oligarchy d. A technocracy e. A monarchy
A confederation
constitution
A constitution can be defined as the basic law of a state or a nation that outlines the primary structure and functions of government. There are, essentially, two types of constitutions.
In regard to the rules of community supervision requirements, what are the results of compliance versus violation?
A criminal in compliance will likely receive an early release of up to one-third the term, while criminal in violation may be sent to jail for the remainder of their sentence.
construction of the Panama Canal
A key component of FDR's New Deal was greater emphasis upon public works projects, which included all of the following EXCEPT
Which amendment was commonly referred to as the States' Rights Amendment?
the Tenth Amendment
Early voting in Texas has been shown to produce __________ to voter turnout
A modest increase
Provincialism
A narrow, limited, and self-interested via of the world. Often associated with real values and notions of limited government.
What was one reason cited by the text for the conflict between Mexico and Texas in 1836? a. Mexico failed to protect Texas from incursions by the United States army. b. Mexico had imposed the institution of slavery. c. Texas supported the deposed President Santa Anna. d. A new Mexican constitution established a unitary system of government. e. New settlers arrived from southern Europe, invited by the Mexican government
A new Mexican constitution established a unitary system of government
A Political culture is:
A pattern of political beliefs and values of a community.
61. Article I of the Texas Constitution contains
the Texas Bill of Rights.
open primary
A primary election in which any voters may choose in which party to vote as they enter the polling place
closed primary
A primary in which only registered members of a particular political party can vote
Runoff primary
A second primary election held between the two candidates who received the most votes in the first primary election if no candidate in the first primary received a majority.
runoff primary
A second primary election who recieved the most votes in the first primary election held when no candidate wins a majority of the votes in the first primary
Federalism
A system of govt in which power is divided between a central govt and regional govt
Cooperative Federalism
A type of federalism existing since the New Deal era in which grants-in-aid have been used to encourage states and localities (without commanding them) to pursue nationally defined goals; also known as intergovernmental cooperation
What is "presidential republicanism"?
A voting pattern in which conservatives vote Democratic for state offices but Republican for presidential candidates.
Which of the following makes the decision to grant parole?
the Texas board of Pardons and Paroles
Marble-Cake Federalism
A way of describing federalism where the boundaries between the national govt and the state govt have become blurred
Layer-Cake Federalism
A way of describing the system of dual federalism in which there is a division of responsibilities between the state and the national govts
Which of the following is not a similarity between the U.S. Constitution and the Texas constitution? A. Both constitutions have a clause providing the legislature with the authority to make all laws necessary and proper to carrying out its expressed powers. B. Both constitutions derive their power from the authority of the people. C. Both constitutions divide authority between a central government and regional governments. D. Both constitutions create a system of checks and balances between the different branches of government. Both constitutions rely upon representatives.
A. Both constitutions have a clause providing the legislature with the authority to make all laws necessary and proper to carrying out its expressed powers.
Under the 1836 Republic of Texas Constitution, A. Congress was bicameral. B. Texas had no president. C. slavery was completely outlawed. D. Congress had only one house. E. there was no formal judicial system.
A. Congress was bicameral
Which of the following is the best definition of a confederation?
A. a system of government in which states maintain their sovereignty
Which principal of government is the key to understanding the drafting of the Texas Constitution of 1876? A. the necessity of strong limitations on the authority of state officials. B. the principle of checks and balances. C. the need for governmental subsidy and regulation of economic growth D. The importance of civil rights protections for African Americans and Latinos E. the value of states' rights
A. the necessity of strong limitations on the authority of state officials.
The structure of the Texas executive branch is centralized, with much formal authority allocated to the governor. (T/F)
False
mid-20th century
After Reconstruction Era democrats in control of state govt. and were more conservative, when Reagan Revolution occurred it was when the Democratic Party in the state shrank to become the minority party
strong support for Obamacare
According to the text, the Tea party era is marked by all of the follwing EXCEPT
Political Culture
According to your textbook, political culture can be defined as a "people's shared framework of values, beliefs and habits of behavior related to government and politics."
In the state of Texas, which race/ethnicity is most likely to be on death row today?
African American
What racial ethnic group in Texas in concentrated
African Americans
Which racial or ethnic group in Texas is concentrated in East Texas?
African Americans
Which demographic groups delivers the vast majority of its votes to the Democratic Party?
African-Americans
the democratic Party
After the Civil War and Reconstruction had ended, politics in Texas were dominated for several decades by
19th Amendment
Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (1920) extended the right to vote to women in federal or state elections.
There are approximately 20 state boards and commissions within Texas plural executive. (T/F)
False
Unfunded mandates are imposed upon state governments
Among the advantages that are frequently associated with a federal form of government, which of the following is not normally listed as an advantage?
To avoid conflicts of interest all lobbyist in Texas are required to represent only a single client. (T/F)
False
In Texas, who can write a bill?
Anyone at all
35 percent
Approximately what percentage of the current population of Texas is Hispanic?
27. The first EARTH day was held when?
April 22, 1970
The first EARTH DAY was held when?
April 22, 1970
Most of the water used in Texas comes from
Aquifers
The community property laws and homestead laws in Texas:
Are symbols of our Spanish Heritage.
2) Who said, "Man is a political animal"?
Aristotle
Article I, Section 8
Article I, Section 8 spells out the specific powers that government has. These are referred to as enumerated powers.
Ronald Reagan
As Texans became disillusioned in the years following the New Deal, increasingly they began to support economic deregulation, tax cuts, and a strong national defense. Which presidential candidate made these goals part of his national platform?
Under Texas's budgetary, there is NO power to shift monies between agencies or programs when the legislature is NOT in session. (T/F)
False
politics in Texas is becoming more polarized
As a result of the Tea Party movement
12. Federal government obligations to states include all of the following except A. provide security B. organize and hold elections for state office C. respect territorial integrity D. protect against domestic violence E. guarantee a republican form of government
B
14. The individualistic culture in Texas is most prominent in A. East Texas. B. the Hill Country. C. industrialized cities. D. the Gulf Coast region.
B
15. German immigrants to Texas were socially conservative, suspicious of government, and self-sufficient. The subculture in areas they settled is referred to as A. moralistic. B. individualistic. C. traditionalistic. D. none of the above.
B
16. According to Daniel Elazar, the political culture of Texas is A. moralistic because of the influence of the southern Baptists. B. traditionalistic because of the influence of the Old South. C. unique because of the discovery of oil. D. A and B only
B
16. The term enumerated powers refers to: A. those powers that a federal government has by definition of being a national government. B. the powers specifically granted to the federal government by the Constitution. C. powers granted to both the federal government and the state governments. D. the power of the federal government to make laws to implement stated policies.
B
17. Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding the Native American population of Texas? A. The Native American population of Texas was never large. B. The Caddo Indians in East Texas gave Texas its name by referring to newcomers as tayshas, which means "white man." C. Most Native Americans reside in towns and cities, not reservations. D. There is no state supervisory agency for Native Americans.
B
20. Weaknesses of Texas constitution include: A. great length, many amendments, and a Bill of Rights. B. many amendments, rigid restrictions, and excessive detail. C. separation of powers, over 280 amendments, and federalism. D. none of the above.
B
23. An enduring contribution of the Native American population to Texas' culture, government and politics is A. state laws pertaining to property and mineral rights B. the state's name C. state laws pertaining to public lands D. the structure of local governments
B
26. The political situation in Texas prior to the drafting of the present Constitution was: A. unified. B. corrupt C. vigorous. D. indifferent.
B
Interest groups representing labor organizations dominate TX politics. (T/F)
False (Business)
30. Which of the following is not a required step in amending the Constitution? A. proposal by the Legislature B. approval by the governor C. publication of the proposal in newspapers D. ratification by popular vote
B
34. The growth of the Texas economy in the 1970s was fed in large measure by A. an increase in federal expenditures in the state. B. an increase in the price of oil resulting from the OPEC oil embargo. C. an increase in the price of most agricultural commodities. D. the shift from a manufacturing to a service economy.
B
38. The population increase Texas experienced from 1980 to 1990 entitled the state to A. three additional seats in the U.S. Senate. B. three additional seats in the U.S. House of Representatives. C. six additional seats in the U.S. Senate. D. six additional seats in the U.S. House of Representatives.
B
4. A constitution provides for all of the functions except for: A. limiting governmental power. B. being specific about the structure of executive branch. C. establishing the institutions of government. D. assigning power to the institutions created.
B
40. The concept of horizontal federalism deals with: A. relationships between the national government and state governments. B. relationships between state governments. C. relationships between state government and the local or county governments. D. relationships between the national government and other democratic governments.
B
42. Which of the following is true of Social Darwinism? A. It did not go well with the traditional principles of laissez-faire. B. Wealth was deserved by individuals who acquired it. C. It did little to reassure Americans that change was progress. D. It urged government regulation to protect the weak.
B
43. What word best describes the social make-up of the Texas people? A. homogeneity B. diversity C. brutality D. politicized
B
46. When the national government institutes a military draft, it is using its: A. delegated powers. B. implied powers. C. reserved powers. D. military privilege power.
B
47. The Asian-American population of Texas A. is descended of Chinese laborers brought over in the 1870s to work on the state's railways. B. is primarily immigrant, having come from Southeast Asia. C. concentrates in San Angelo and Stephenville where they are employed in Sheep-raising and in dairies. D. is generally highly skilled and is not the object of violence. E. all of the above
B
51. ____________________ obligations imposed by the states in dealing with one another. A. Vertical federalism B. Horizontal federalism C. Parallel federalism D. Pure federalism
B
56. The "statehood constitution" of 1845 was influenced by A. populism. B. Jacksonian democracy. C. organized labor. D. the women's suffrage movement. E. none of the above.
B
57. Which of the various Texas Constitutions is regarded as the best ever produced by the state? A. The Constitution of the Republic of Texas B. The "statehood constitution" of 1845 C. The Civil War Constitution of 1861 D. The Constitution of 1866 E. The Constitution of 1869
B
Republicans have won every statewide election in Texas since 1994.
False** 1998.
64. The Texas Constitution provides for each of the following EXCEPT A. limits on the duration of legislative sessions. B. annual regular sessions of the state legislature. C. the popular election of state judges. D. freedom of the press. E. freedom of religion.
B
69. Over the last century, most amendments to the Texas Constitution have dealt with policy issues that they say should have been resolved by the A. executive branch. B. legislature. C. state courts. D. U.S. Congress.
B
74. Federalism reflects how power and responsibility A. are permanently allocated between the national and state governments. B. change and shift between the national and state governments. C. are permanently allocated to the states. D. are permanently allocated to the national government.
B
8. In a federal political system power is: A. always vested in a bicameral legislature. B. shared between the central government and constituent governments. C. bestowed in the central government, with no power being granted to constituent government. D. concentrated in a unicameral legislature within a strong central government.
B
For an independent candidate to get on the ballot in Texas, which requirement must they meet? Selected Answer: a. He or she must hold a party convention and adopt a party platform. b. He or she must gain petition signatures from registered voters who did not previously participate in any political party primary election. c. They must convince voters who have signed other candidate's petitions to switch to their petition. d. He or she must begin collecting signatures before the major party primaries are held. e. He or she must obtain signatures on a petition from registered voters. The signatures must equal 30 percent of the total votes in the last governor's race.
B
Highly partisan legislation passed in 2011 now requires Texans to a. pass an English language competency test before voting. b. provide photo identification when voting. c. register 60 days before the general election. d. vote in only one party primary. e. show their birth certificates before voting.
B
Prior to the ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment, the Bill of Rights A) applied only to states. B) applied only to the national govt. C) applied to states and the national govt. D) was essential in protecting individual rights, E) was applied only in extreme cases of rights violations.
B
Interest groups are limited to lobbying the legislature; they cannot lobby executive agencies or the courts.
False**.
Independent state grounds A) allow states to provide fewer state constitutional protections. B) allow states to provide more state constitutional protections that the US Constitution. C) allow states to remain independent of the national govt. D) prevent the national govt from overriding the Tenth Amendment rights of states. E) limit the power of the national govt to pass economic regulations.
B
The Supreme Court under John Marshall expanded national power partly through A) rejecting the Articles of Confederation. B) expanding the meaning of interstate commerce. C) expanding Congress' war-making powers. D) ignoring the Tenth Amendment. E) increasing the powers of the president.
B
The concept of devolution is consistent with the belief that A. centralized policies are more efficient. B. states should be free to work out solutions to their own problems. C. the national government has greater resources and should help states and local governments with their problems. D. the national government should raise taxes.
B
The degree to which members of the Texas Republican Party have become more conservative and members of the Texas Democratic Party have become more liberal is referred to as a. the two-party system. b. partisan polarization. c. partisan drift. d. party factionalism. e. partisan allegiance.
B
Texas became an independent republic in ___ and became part of the United States in ___. A. 1827; 1861 B. 1836; 1845 C. 1844; 1845 D. 1845; 1876 E. 1827; 1869
B. 1836; 1845
Which of the following was not part of the annexation agreement between Texas and the United States? A. Texas could divide itself into a many as five separate states. B. Texas could maintain its own army and navy for twenty-five years. C. Texas was responsible for paying all foreign debts it incurred while independent. D. Texas ceded all military armaments, bases, and facilities to the U.S. government. E. Texas would retain title to its public lands.
B. Texas could maintain its own army and navy for twenty-five years.
Under the Texas constitution, who has the power of impeachment? A. The House of Representatives has the power to impeach, while the state supreme court has the power to try and convict. B. The House of Representatives has the power to impeach, while the Senate has the power to try and convict. C. The Senate has the power to both impeach and convict. D. Texas has no constitutional provisions for impeachment. E. The Texas supreme court has the power to impeach and convict.
B. The House of Representatives has the power to impeach, while the senate has the power to try and convict.
Philosophically, the Texas constitution reflects a A. belief that a dominant political class is best selected to run the government. B. distrust of politicians and political power. C. commitment to home rule. D. desire to use public institutions to boost the state's economic infrastructure. E. faith in the ability of political institutions to create good public policy/
B. distrust of politicians and political power.
Big Bend is found in what region of Texas? a. Great Plains b. interior lowlands c. Gulf coastal plains d. Panhandle e. Basin and Range Province
Basin and Range Province
Henry B. Gonzalez
Became the first Mexican American to be elected to the Texas Senate, in 1956.
10. You have been convicted in Indiana of a crime and escape to Texas, where you are apprehended by the local police. Indiana wants you back. Which constitutional provision would Indiana invoke? A. Full faith and credit B. Privileges and immunities C. Extradition D. Police power
C
Interest groups representing labor organizations dominate Texas politics.
False**.
The voting rights act has been renewed several times since 1965, and new provisions have been added since then. For example,
Bilingual ballots are now in certain areas where more than 5 percent of voters speak another language
15) The most recent renewals of the Voting Rights Act require what?
Bilingual ballots in certain areas where more than 5% of voters speak another language.
47. Article I of the present Texas Constitution pertains to:
Bill of Rights.
Conservative Democrats in Texas are also know as
Blue Dog Democrats
Which of the following is NOT a qualification a person would need to be a viable candidate for governor of Texas?
Born in Texas
In Printz v. United States, the U.S. Supreme Court struck down provisions of the ________ that required background checks on handgun purchases. a. Defense of Hunting Act b. Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act c. Saturday Night Specials Act d. Ronald Reagan Gun-Free Zone Act e. Handgun and Rifle Limitations Act
Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act
The debate over public education in Texas goes back to the
Break with Mexico
The debate over public education in Texas goes back to the...
Break with Mexico
Political culture
Broadly shared values, beliefs, and attitude about how the government should function and politics should operate.
The practice of combining several indivduals campaign contributions into one larger contribution from a group in order to increase the group's impact is know as
Bundling
The practice of combining several individual campaign contributions into one larger contribution from a group in order to increase the group's impact is known as
Bundling.
Most political action committee spending in Texas represents
Business
4
By 1912, Texas's population represented about ____ percent of the population of the entire United States
2002
By ____, all major statewide elected offices in Texas were controlled by Republicans
11. Which of the following subcultures best explains the reasons for less participation by African-Americans in politics? A. Moralistic B. Individualistic C. Traditionalistic D. Both A and C
C
15. State obligations to federal government are all the following except: A. respect the federal constitution B. amendment to the constitutions must be ratified by 3/4 of states C. provide security for states D. provide elections for federal officers E. respect treaties
C
18. Recent population shifts in Texas have been A. from urban to rural. B. from rural to urban and back to rural. C. from rural to urban, from large cities to suburbs. D. from large cities to rural, from suburbs to rural.
C
19. Which of the following states has a larger population than Texas? A. Alaska B. Ohio C. California D. Florida
C
25. The Texas Constitution has grown most through: A. usage. B. judicial interpretation. C. amendment. D. custom.
C
28. Mexico finally relinquished its claim to Texas at the conclusion of the A. the Battle of the Alamo. B. the Battle of San Jacinto. C. the Mexican War with the U.S. D. the Civil War.
C
3. The first African-Americans to come to Texas were: A. free men B. soldiers. C. slaves of Spanish explorers. D. slaves of Anglo settlers.
C
30. The purpose of the Ku Klux Klan in Texas and throughout the South was to A. protest possible freeing of the slaves. B. discredit the Republican Party. C. keep Blacks in a position of inferiority. D. protect Blacks from intimidation and violence.
C
35. The dramatic drop in the world price of oil in 1985 led to these conditions in Texas: A. Less revenue from the lottery B. The development of new oil fields in the hill country C. The loss of thousands of jobs D. A stronger construction industry
C
35. The government of the United States is legitimate because it: A. is not concerned with the good of the public when it makes foreign policy decisions. B. has the power to make any decision it wants. C. conforms to certain constitutional requirements. D. conforms to obligations set forth in the International Rules of Governing.
C
37. The significance of the Texas laissez-faire ideology is seen in the A. high funding that is appropriated for educational achievement. B. clean air over Dallas and Houston. C. low funding appropriated for educational attainment. D. goal of high taxes.
C
38. The privileges and immunities clause of the Constitution means: A. elected officials of the national government cannot be tried by state governments. B. elected officials of state government cannot be tried by the national government. C. a citizen of one state cannot be treated as an alien in another state. D. A citizen of another country cannot be treated as an alien in any state.
C
42. The Full Faith and Credit Clause: A. is optional upon the determination of the governor. B. was one of the New Deal Amendments to the U.S. Constitution. C. applies to the recognition of public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of each state by the other. D. is an implied power of the national government.
C
45. In terms of religious preference, most Texans: A. are atheists. B. are Catholic. C. are Protestant. D. refuse to state a religious preference.
C
49. The process of amending the Texas Constitution includes the provision that amendments must be proposed by: A. a simple majority of both houses of the Legislature. B. a two-thirds majority of a concurrent session of the Legislature. C. a two-thirds majority of the total membership of both houses of the Legislature. D. three-fourths of all state legislatures.
C
5. Texas currently ranks in number of electoral votes, with 34. A. First B. Third C. Second D. Fourth E. Fifth
C
5. The primary consequence of a state being a part of a federal system is that: A. states must provide for separation of powers. C. there is a division of power between two levels of government. D. states cannot be unitary in structure.
C
52. Establishing courts is a A. Power of state government B. Power of national government C. Concurrent power D. Power of county government E. None of the above
C
54. When a government's acts are accepted by the citizens as lawful, fair, and just, the government is said to have B. authority. C. legitimacy. D. justice. E. all of the above.
C
60. The Texas Constitution adopted in 1876 included provisions to do all of the following except A. limit the governor's term to two years. B. establish a state debt ceiling. C. allow the legislature to set elected officials' salaries. D. limit the legislature to biennial regular sessions. E. limit the number of executive appointments the governor may make.
C
63. The Texas Constitution and the U.S. Constitution are alike in that A. both provide for a chief executive able to control the executive branch. B. both specify the salaries of members of the legislative branch. C. both divide governmental functions among three branches. D. neither provides for an elected judiciary. E. neither protects against discrimination based on gender.
C
It is relatively easy for an independent candidate to get on the Texas ballot.
False.
9. A major reason for the development of cooperative federalism was: A. the lack of support state governments were giving the national legislature's attempt to pass needed legislation. B. the need for states to band together to stop the flow of power to the national government. C. the public expectation for action concerning the disastrous state of the economy. D. the lack of cooperation between regions to slow inflation.
C
All of the following are principles generally supported by the Tea Party movement EXCEPT a. low government spending. b. low taxes. c. increased immigration. d. term limits. e. balanced budgets.
C
Federalism refers to A) a system of govt where cities are strong. B) a system of govt where executive power is grounded in a committee of governors. C) a system of govt where there is national govt as well as a number of regional govts. D) a system of govt dominated by business interests. E) a system of govt with strong parliaments.
C
Hostility to modern federalism is partly a result of A) dual federalism. B) funded mandates. C) unfunded mandates. D) Tenth Amendment interpretations. E) high taxes.
C
Latinos currently make up over 50 percent of the Texas population.
False.
Layer-cake federalism switched to marble-cake federalism A) after the Civil War. B) during WWI. C) during the New Deal. D) after the fall of the Soviet Union. E) because of Pres Ronald Reagan's efforts.
C
The Articles of Confederation A) was a loose confederation of independent states that operated in the 1820s. B) was never accepted by a majority of the states. C) derived its power directly from the state govts.
C
The Dixiecrats abandoned the national Democratic Party in the 1948 presidential election over the issue of a. the Cold War. b. welfare reform. c. civil rights. d. the national deficit. e. prayer in schools.
C
No large interest groups in Texas represent the environment.
False.
PACs help interest groups bundle campaign donations.
False.
Why might parties at the state level have less power than that at the national level? a. Legislative campaign committees raise money from individuals and interest groups and then distribute it to candidates at the national political party level, thereby weakening the influence of the state party. b. The rise of media campaigns made candidates more reliant on money than local party volunteers. c. Local issues are usually not ideological in nature. d. The creation of party primaries took control of the nomination from party leaders and gave it to the voters. e. Parties at the national level only focus on hot-button issues.
C
Which of the following was not an important part of the 1827 Constitution of Coahuila y Tejas, established when Texas was a part of Mexico? A) It attempted to restrict the spread of slavery B) It established Catholicism as an official religion C) It established a bicameral legislature D) It divided the state into three separate districts
C) It established a bicameral legislature
What was not one of the main goals of the Texas Constitution ratified in 1876? A) Limited powers B) Strong popular control of government C) Promoted slavery D) Restrained spending
C) Promoted slavery
Which of the following describes a significant difference between the federal executive branch and the Texas executive department? A) The governor of Texas is paid more the the U.S. President B) The governor has term limits, while the U.S. President does not C) in Texas, the executive department is made up of several elected offices, instead of just one D) The chief executive in Texas does not have the power to check the legislature with a veto, as the U.S. President can
C) in Texas, the executive department is made up of several elected offices, instead of just one
Which of the following statements best describes the structure of the Texas legislature? A. Texas's first unicameral legislature was established while the state was a member of the Confederacy. B. Texas has always had a unicameral legislature. C. Since independence from Mexico, Texas, has had a bicameral legislature. D. Texas has a plural legislature divided into six different chambers. E It created a unicameral legislature.
C. Since independence from Mexico, Texas, has had a bicameral legislature.
The separation of government into three branches- legislative, executive, and judicial- is called A. consitutionailsm B. federalism C. separation of powers D. division of labor E. checks and balances
C. separation of powers.
Federal funds appropriate in Texas generally are...?
Concentrate in a few state agencies
52. Establishing courts is a
Concurrent power
The Motor Voter law requires all voters to have a driver's license.
False.
the sixteenth Amendment
Congress gained the power to tax income through
Which statement regarding the Affordable Care Act is true?
Congress was sharply split among the party lines
South Dakota v. Dole
Congress's authority to withhold highway funding from states that failed to raise the legal drinking age was upheld under
Categorical Grants
Congressionally appointed grants to states and localities on the condition that expenditures be limited to a problem or group specified by law
Blue Dog Democrats: What are they
Conservative Democrats in Texas (mostly from the south) NOT becoming more popular
In the 1950s, who were known as the Shivercrats?
Conservative democrats.
Texas trial lawyers frequently ally with
Consumer interest groups
Texas trial lawyers frequently ally with...?
Consumer interest groups
27. The first EARTH day was held when? A. February 4, 1991 B. December 5, 1991 C. January 7, 1942 D. April 22, 1970
D
The ________________ is a meeting held by a political party following its precinct conventions for the purpose of electing delegates to its state convention.
County Convention
In 1989, the League of United Latin American Citizens filed suit in federal court in an effort to change Texas's system of electing _______ at-large.
County judges
14. This is not the state power according to the 10th amendment: A. conducting elections B. determining qualifications of voters C. establishing local government D. making treaties E. providing public safety
D
17. The term implied powers refers to: A. those powers that a federal government has by definition of being a national government. B. the powers specifically granted to the federal government by the Constitution. C. powers granted to both the federal government and the state governments. D. the power of the federal government to make laws to implement stated policies.
D
18. Unitary systems: A. have only one branch of government. B. have only one house in the national legislature. C. do not have an independent judiciary. D. do not have independent state governments.
D
2. Which of the following supports the traditionalistic political culture found in Texas? A. Southern racist attitudes B. an elitist patron system C. one-party domination D. all of the above
D
22. Harsh competition among individuals where the most fit survive and reproduce their own kind while the weak or inferior perish is referred to as and was proposed by: A. Theory of the Fittest, Albert Einstein B. Law of the Jungle, Abraham Lincoln C. Law of Supply and Demand, Adam Smith D. Social Darwinism, Charles Darwin E. Democratic Creed, George Washington
D
22. The Texas Constitutional Convention of 1974: A. had delegates selected from the public by popular vote. B. was composed of members of the Texas House and Legislative Council. C. adopted a proposed constitution by a 2/3 vote. D. failed to agree on a proposed constitution.
D
25. What is the largest non-Anglo population in Texas? A. Black B. Jews C. Japanese D. Hispanics E. Arabs
D
An individualistic political culture is one in which: A. the function of government is to serve the needs of the individuals B. corruption is tolerated C. the Irish, southern and eastern European immigrants were the founders of this culture D. all of the above.
D
One disadvantage of devolution is A. lack of state funds to cope with the responsibility. B. lack of local control. C. lack of state discretion to create new programs. D. all of the above.
D
One of the Republican Party's greatest weaknesses in Texas is its lack of support among a. young people. b. Asian Americans. c. the wealthy. d. Latinos. e. African Americans.
D
The Republican Party was the dominant force in Texas politics for most of the twentieth century.
False.
The most important role for political parties in Texas elections is to a. lead get-out-the-vote drives. b. fund television and radio campaign advertisements. c. create political action committees. d. offer a candidate a label by which he or she can identify with the voters. e. fund the candidates' campaigns.
D
The Republican Party was the dominant force in Texas politics throughout most of the twentieth century.
False.
The Texas Constitution is: A) a tightly argued, brief document of general principles B) an economic treatise disguised as a blueprint for government C) difficult to amend, compared to the U.S. Constitution D) a long, complex, and detailed document
D) a long, complex, and detailed document
Which of the following was not an important part of the 1827 Constitution of Coahuila y Tejas, established when Texas was part of Mexico? A. It divided the state into three separate districts. B. It established a unicameral legislature. C. It established Catholicism as an official religion. D. It established a bicameral legislature. E. It attempted to restrict the spread of slavery.
D. It established a bicameral legislature.
The Texas Constitution of 1869 was created A. in order to limit the power of state governments. B. as a reaction against Reconstruction. C. because Texas needed a new constitution when it joined the Confederacy. D. by members of the Texas Republican Party. E. to abolish slavery.
D. by members of the Texas Republican Party.
The domination of Texas politics by Republicans after the Civil War ended A. in 1888, with violent riots by farmers in Houston, Dallas, and Austin. B. through a peaceful transfer of power in 1900 C. with the victory of the Populist Party in 1892. D. in an armed standoff in the capital between the Republican governor and the Democratic legislature in 1872. E. with the Democrat's victory in the 1892 elections.
D. in an armed standoff in the capital between the Republican governor and the Democratic legislature in 1872.
The main problem that stalled the admission of Texas into the United States was A. the lack of enough people in Texas. B. the foreign nations had refused to recognize an independent Texas. C. that Texas was still under the control of Mexico. D. that Texas would be a proslavery state. E. Texas's overly large debt, which would have to be assumed by the federal government.
D. that Texas would be a proslavery state.
Which party dominated Texas politics from the 1870s to the 1980s?
Democratic.
During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Texas was which political party?
Democrats
Which two Texas metropolitan areas are national centers for the high-tech industry?
Dallas and Austin
the intersection of two railroad lines
Dallas developed in the late nineteenth century as a result of
In Texas, trial lawyers tend to support ______ judicial candidates.
Democratic
What party dominated Texas politics throughout most of the twentieth century
Democratic
Which party dominated Texas politics through most of the twentieth century?
Democratic
Which party dominated Texas politics throughout most of the twentieth century?
Democratic
Party that dominated Texas politics throughout most of the twentieth century.
Democratic schisms developed between liberals and conservatives within the party.
What word best describes the social make-up of the Texas people?
Diversity.
Conservatism:
Do not necessarily believe that government has a role in solving social issues.
Conservatism:
Do tend to believe that government should support "traditional values", including morality, and teaching respect for institutions. Believe in government having a role in the regulation of religion, sexual activity (except that government should NOT distribute condoms), and drug use. This tends to come from a very pessimistic view of how people behave. Have to save people from themselves.
Liberalism:
Do tend to support government involvement in solving social problems (expansion of voting rights).
Interest groups are often powerful in staes
Dominated by one party
Ballot placement in a primary?
Drawn at random.
layer-cake federalism
Dual federalism is also known as
national legislation passed by Congress
During the Nullification Crisis of 1833, South Carolina tried to assert the right to veto (or nullify)
What doomed the Constitutional revision effort in 1975? a. During the general election, Texans rejected all the constitutional provisions presented to them. b. The legislature refused Governor Briscoe's calls to meet for a special session. c. The Texas Supreme Court ruled that four out of the eight new provisions were unconstitutional. d. Governor Briscoe after approving the effort, vetoed the provisions brought to him by the legislature. e. A group of legislators backed by special interest groups refused to take part in the process
During the general election, Texas rejected all the constitutional provisions presented to them
1. In Marbury v. Madison, the Supreme Court decided that: A. judicial commissions were a right, not a privilege. B. Marshall should not have signed the commission. C. Madison must deliver the commission. D. a provision of the 1801 law was unconstitutional. E. none of the above.
E
19. Which one of the following statements is correct about the case of Marbury v. Madison? A. John Marshal was appointed as chief justice by the lame-duck Congress in 1801. B. James Madison was a secretary of state to President John Adams. C. William Marbury was the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. D. Madison went to the Supreme Court for a Writ of Mandamus, a court order to compel Marbury to deliver the commission. E. none of the above.
E
2. A special law passed for the purpose of punishing a certain person without a trial is called: A. Ex Post Facto Law B. Writ of Mandamus C. Sine Qua Non D. Quid Pro Quo E. None of the above
E
20. Which one of the following is not a correct statement? A. The Mestizo is a person of mixed Spanish and Indian blood. B. The Texas political system is a product of a particular political culture. C. Mexican-American is a term generally referred to people with Spanish surnames who are American citizens. D. Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport is the nation's largest airport. E. The horizontal drilling technique was utilized before 1980s to make oil extraction more profitable in Texas.
E
21. Texas political culture includes all but one of the following: A. Texans are a conservative and traditional people. C. Social Darwinism is a dominant philosophy in Texas political culture. D. There is the legacy of ethnic and cultural heterogeneity. E. Texans are predominantly moralistic with residuals of traditionalist culture.
E
24. Texas' influence in national affairs A. is minor compared to other states. B. is small, due to its distance from Washington, D.C. C. has not grown in the 20th century. D. has gotten less in the 20th century. E. has grown in the 20th century.
E
45. The Texas Constitution has been amended (as of the present date): A. only a few times. B. 27 times. C. 280 times. D. 300 times. E. over 450 times.
E
53. Which amendment to the U. S. Constitution limited state sovereignty? A. 14th Amendment B. 16th Amendment C. 24th Amendment D. A and B E. All of the above
E
55. Constitutions serve to A. give legitimacy to the government. B. organize the government. C. grant specific powers to the government. D. limit the power of the government. E. all of the above.
E
61. Article I of the Texas Constitution contains A. provisions pertaining to the legislative branch. B. provisions pertaining to the executive branch. C. provisions pertaining to the judicial branch. D. provisions pertaining to the amending procedure. E. the Texas Bill of Rights.
E
65. The judicial article of the Texas Constitution creates A. two supreme courts. B. trial courts with overlapping jurisdiction. C. an elected judiciary. D. a requirement that sheriffs be elected in each county. E. all of the above.
E
70. Those who advocate reform of the Texas Constitution generally focus on which of the following issues? A. Biennial legislative sessions B. Excessive detail in the Constitution C. The "disintegrated" executive branch D. Weak county governments E. All of the above
E
The Texas Constitution and election laws call the Texas primary system an open primary.
False.
Latinos currently represent ________ percent of the Texas population. a. over 50 b. 20 c. 11 d. 28 e. 38
E
The Democratic Party in the state shrank to become the minority party when a. George H. W. Bush won Texas in the general election of 2000. b. George H. W. Bush moved to Texas. c. Michael Dukakis won Texas in 1988. d. white, conservative Democrats switched to the Republican Party. e. the Reagan Revolution reached Texas.
E
The Voting Rights Act A) ensured the right to vote for women. B) ensured the right to vote for 18 year olds. C) approved photo ID requirements for voters. D) required that voters know how to read and write. E) was the major law providing the right to vote for African Americans
E
Which of the following describes a significant difference between the structure of the Texas executive department and the structure of the U.S. executive branch? A. The governor has term limits, while the U.S. president does not. B. The governor of Texas is paid more than the U.S. President. C. The governor is considered president of the Texas Senate, while the U.S. president is not considered the presiding officer over the U.S. Senate. D. The chief executive in Texas does not have the power to check the legislature with a veto, as the U.S. president can. E. In Texas, the executive department is made up of several elected offices, instead of just one.
E. In Texas, the executive department is made up of several elected offices, instead of just one.
What is the major difference between the bill of rights in the Texas constitution and the U.S. Bill of Rights? A. there is no bill of rights in the Texas constitution. B. The Texas bill of rights is far less detailed than the federal Bill of Rights. C. The Texas constitution does not grant specific rights to former slaves. D. The Texas constitution has no specific rights for those accused of a crime. E. The Texas constitution grants to Texans rights that are not found in the U.S. Constitution.
E. The Texas constitution grants to Texans rights that are not found in the U.S. Constitution.
Which of the following was not part of the Ratliff-Junell proposal for Texas constitutional change? A. The governor would be given the authority to appoint several state office holders who are currently elected.. C. The executive branch should be reorganized to look more like the federal executive branch. D. The length of terms of office would grow, but there would also be term limits. E. The judiciary should be appointed by the governor, with confirmation by the Senate.
E. The judiciary should be appointed by the governor, with confirmation by the Senate.
The Texas constitution is A. an economic treatise disguised as a blueprint for government. B. baed on the fundamental principle of liberal progressivism C. a tightly argued, brief document of Genreal principles. D. difficult to amend, compared to the U.S. Constitution E. a long, complex, and detailed document.
E. a long , complex, and detailed document.
The Texas constitution requires which of the following for amendment? A. a majority vote in both houses of the state legislation B. a two-thirds vote in county conventions for the purpose of amending the constitution C. the governor's signature D. only a majority vote from the voters of Texas E. a two-thirds vote in both houses of the state legislature and a majority vote from the voters of Texas.
E. a two-thirds vote in both houses of the state legislature and a majority vote from the voters of Texas
The system of distributing powers betweens states and a central government is called A. separation of powers B. constitutionalism. C. filtration. D. checks and balances E. federalism
E. federalism
The majority of delegates to the Convention of 1836 that drafted the constitutions for a newly independent Republic of Texas were from A. New England and New York. B. Spain. C. Mexico. D. Texas. E. salve-owning souther states.
E. slave-owning southern states.
Most of Texas's African American population is concentrated in all of the following areas
East Texas Inner-city Houston Inner-city Dallas Inner-city San Antonio NOTTTT suburban Dallas and Houston
In economic Policy, the basic principle underlying conservatism is
Economic Laissez-Faire
Conservatism:
Economic issues: basic belief in laissez-faire, but in practice tend to be pseudo laissez-faire. That is, the theoretical assertion that an unregulated economy produces the best results coupled with practical support for government policies that help business to overcome problems in the marketplace. Commonly referred to as the "right wing" of the political spectrum. Conservatives often argue that economic problems are caused by over-regulation by the government.
Liberalism:
Economic issues: more apt to blame "market failure" for economic problems and to place more faith in the ability of government to direct economic activity. Commonly referred to as the "left wing" of the political spectrum.
Types of Interest Groups
Economic: business, labor, professional associations Citizen groups: public interest groups
Which governor of Texas refused to leave office although he had lost the election? a. Richard Coke b. George W. Bush c. Edmund Davis d. William P. Clements e. James Ferguson
Edmund Davis
Legitimacy.
Essentially this is an agreement between those who govern and the governed. The people believe that their government is based upon morally right principles and that they should therefore obey its rules. We spoke before about "sovereignty", the recognized right of someone to rule. As said here previously, the modern theory of democratic government holds that individuals are free to govern themselves, except that they give up some of their autonomy in order to form an orderly society. We agree to give up our individual sovereignty in exchange for certain conditions. That is the basis of legitimacy.
The Constitution of Coahuila y Tejas a. formally incorporated Texas into the Republic of Mexico following independence from Spain.. b. was the foundation of the Republic of Texas and Coahuila. c. was the Constitution established by the colonial Spanish in 1827. d. established a unicameral legislature for the Mexican state of Coahuila and Texas. e. was a stop gap constitution between Spanish colonists and Mexicans
Established a unicameral legislature for the mexican state of Coahuila and Texas
10. You have been convicted in Indiana of a crime and escape to Texas, where you are apprehended by the local police. Indiana wants you back. Which constitutional provision would Indiana invoke?
Extradition
When intra-party disputes split members into different groups, these groups are referred to as
Factions
When intra-party disputes split members into different groups, these groups are referred to as...
Factions
When intraparty disputes split members into different groups, these groups are referred to as
Factions
A lobbyist is a an individual employed by a political action committee who tries to influence governmental decisions on behalf of that group. (T/F)
False
A second-degree felony can be punishable by 2-20 years in prison and a fine of up to $20,000. (T/F)
False
A special legislative session may last as long as it takes to complete the sessions agenda. (T/F)
False
Agriculture accounts for 35 percent of the contemporary Texan workforce
False
As of late April 2013, Attorney General Greg Abbot sued the Obama administration twice. True False
False
Blue Dog Democrats are becoming more and more popular in Texas. (T/F)
False
Both the lieutenant governor and the secretary of state in Texas have the authority to call a special session of the legislature. (T/F)
False
Dallas is located In the basin and range province
False
During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Texas was a competitive, two-party state. (T/F)
False
Federal laws provide the regulation for birth, death, marriage, divorce, and most crime and punishment. True False
False
Gaining access to politicians through personal connections is a violation of Texas state laws. (T/F)
False
Historically, Ann Richards is the only female to ever serve as governor of Texas. (T/F)
False
In 1996, the voters of Texas chose to adopt the merit selection of judges. (T/F)
False
In Texas, appellate court judges are elected, but the governor appoints trial judges to six-year terms. (T/F)
False
In Texas, both the Lieutenant Governor and the Speaker of the House are elected in statewide elections. (T/F)
False
In Texas, the most local level of a party organization is the county. (T/F)
False
Interest groups are limited to lobbying the legislature, they CANNOT lobby executive agencies or the courts. (T/F)
False
It is relatively easy for an independent candidate to get on the Texas ballot. (T/F)
False
Judicial elections in Texas are nonpartisan. (T/F)
False
Oil production remains the primary driving force of exports from the Texas economy
False
Politics in texas has been defined by the almost equal political popularity of both the democrats and republicans
False
The Motor voter law requires a voter to have a license. (T/F)
False
The Permanent University Trust Funds contributes to the support of all institutions in the University of Texas and Texas A&M University systems. (T/F)
False
The Rainy Day Fund is more properly known as the National Research University Fund. (T/F)
False
The Secretary of State in Texas is responsible for redrawing legislative districts every 10 years. (T/F)
False
The Texas Constitution permits the election of the Texas legislature of persons who are not US citizens but who have been legal residents of Texas for at least 10 Years. (T/F)
False
The Texas House of Representatives is responsible for both impeaching government officials and holding the trial after impeachment. (T/F)
False
The system of distributing powers between states and central government is called: A) federalism. B) constitutionalism. C) checks and balances. D) separation of powers.
Federalism
26th Amendment
Finally, in order to bring us up to date with voting rights, the 26th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is passed in 1971, which lowers the voting age to 18 years old.
The Libertarian Party can be considered.
Fiscal Conservatives and social liberals.
The Libertarian Party can be considered
Fiscal conservatives and social liberals
19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution
For women, the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (1920) granted them the right to vote.
Texas requires parties that did not get 5 percent of the vote in a previous statewide race to do all of the following EXCEPT
Form third parties in the spring of the election years and complete the intent form.
One important way for interest groups to gain access to those in Texas government is to employ __________ as lobbyists
Former legislatores and government officals
The governor of Texas serves a ____________ term.
Four year
Recent population shifts in Texas have been:
From rural to Urban, from large cities to SUBURBS.
27. You and your spouse are granted a divorce by a Reno, Nevada, court, but Texas (your home state) refuses to recognize your new marital status. Which right is Texas abridging?
Full faith and credit
The Texas State Board of Education is responsible for all of the following EXCEPT?
Funding public school districts
The ______ election decides who is elected to an office.
General Election.
The first Tuesday following the first Monday in November of even-numbered years is the day for which election?
General Election.
Which election decides who is elected to an office?
General election
libertarians
Generally speaking (and very simply), libertarians distrust government influence in just about every sector of policy issues. We cannot consider them as simply anarchists, because they do view the role of government as being somewhat legitimate, but very limited
Who was the former Texas Speaker of the House who was indicted for taking an illegal gift from a law firm that specialized in collection delinquent taxes for local government?
Gib Lewis
______ was the former Texas Speaker of the House who was indicted for taking an illegal gift from a law firm that specialized in collecting delinquent taxes for local governments.
Gibs Lewis .
Those that can not afford an attorney have a constitutional right to have one appointed to them. Which Supreme Court case was instrumental in guaranteeing this right?
Gideon v. Wainwright
Organizing government.
Governments must be organized in some way that clarifies who the major officials are, how they are selected, and what the relationships are among those charged with basic governmental functions.
The Reconstruction Acts required a Texas Constitution that would a. establish a plural executive. b. provide for biannual sessions of a bicameral legislature. c. grant African Americans the right to vote. d. force former slave owners to cede land to African Americans. e. allow for popular election of judges
Grant African Americans the right to vote
For an independent candidate to get on the ballot in Texas, which requirement must they meet
He or she must gain petition signatures from registered voters who did not previously participate in any political party primary election.
Who was Tony Sanchez?
He ran for governor in 2002 and spent over 60 million dollars. He still lost.
What was Shivers famous for?
He was a democrat that told everyone to vote for the Republican president Dwight Eisenhower. (Shivercrats)
51. ____________________ obligations imposed by the states in dealing with one another.
Horizontal federalism
Stanford Dictum
Held in Gitlow v New York that the First Amendment right of free speech was a fundamental right that applied to the states
Wendy Davis had an uphill battle to win the Texas governor's race because
Her personal story was riddled with inconsistencies.
In 2012, Texas ranked_________ when compared to other states on the per capital federal dollars flowing into the state.
High
Dropout rates in Texas are...
Highest among minorities
Democrats tend to win local and county elections in ares with concentrations of _________
Hispanic voters
The fastest-growing demographic group in Texas is _________________, the majority of whom vote ____________.
Hispanic; Democrat Latinos; Democrat
The fastest-growing demographic group in Texas is __________, the majority of whom vote __________.
Hispanic; Democrats
25. What is the largest non-Anglo population in Texas?
Hispanics
What is largest non-Anglo population in Texas?
Hispanics
cattle
Historically, the economy of Fort Worth has been associated ith what industry?
Battleground Texas is the latest attempt by the Democratic Party to do all of the folowing EXCEPT
Identify potential candidates
What is the ultimate check on the governor?
Impeachment
Barbara Jordan
In 1872 she became the first African American woman to be elected to the U.S. House of Representatives from Texas.
representative government,
In a republic, or representative government, officials elected by the public meet in representative institutions to decide policy for the public
Amendment Process
In Texas there is only one way to amend our constitution, please know this: 1) proposals must originate in the legislature, and can only occur during a regular or special session. 2) must have a two thirds vote of both houses for an amendment a proposed change to be put to the Texas voters. 3) Legislature specifies the date of the election, and then the proposed amendment(s) must be advertised in a paper in each county once a week for four weeks starting 3 months prior to the election 4) Voters only have to approve of an amendment by a simple majority vote.
6) In Texas, primary elections are usually held in what month?
In Texas they are generally held on the second Tuesday in March of even numbered years.
Secretary of State.
In Texas, the chief election official is the Secretary of State. It is the job of the Secretary of State to certify the results of the general elections
Which of the following describes a significant difference between the structure of the Texas executive department and the structure of the U.S. executive branch?
In Texas, the executive department is made up of several elected offices, instead of just one.
Which statement is TRUE regarding poverty in Texas?
In Texas, the poverty rate among children is much higher than in the rest of the United States.
not only could Congress regulate interstate commerce, it could regulate anything that affected prices and market condtions
In Wickard v. Filburn, the Supreme Court decided that
Limiting power.
In a sense this reflects the deep insecurity our Founding Fathers of the United States Constitution felt with regard to granting powers to government. Essentially they sought to find ways to protect the rights of individuals. They were keenly aware that as an organization, government was far more powerful than any individual. They created the Bill of Rights specifically for the purpose of protecting individual rights of citizens from arbitrary government action.
iberalism
In general (and again, we will study this in more depth later), liberals have a distrust of the free market. Liberals have often seen what they believe are abuses of capitalism by either wealthy individuals or corporations. In their view government is justified in taking a more activist role in not only the regulation of economic activity, but also in the redistribution of wealth within society.
In order to appeal to the broadest possible number of voters parties attempt to create
In order to appeal to the broadest possible number of voters parties attempt to create platforms (statements of what the party's position is on a variety of issues) that will appeal to a coalition (wide and varied groups) of interests. It is impossible to make everybody happy, but the party attempts to make enough people happy so that its candidates are successful and can win office.
the interstate commerce clause
In the Supreme Court case against Ollie McClung, the federal government claimed authority to end state-sanctioned segregation under which part of the U.S. Constitution?
1876
In what year was Texas's current constitution ratified?
The two most important factors that determine whether someone votes are
Income level and education
All the following are principals generally supported by the Tea Party movement EXCEPT
Increase immigration
What is a modified primary?
It doesn't require the voter to register with a party but only allows you to vote in on primary and only participate in the runoff election in the party you voted in.
How does the Constitution of Texas resemble those of other former Confederate states? a. It grants more reserved powers to the federal government. b. It allows for the federal government to impose martial law at any time. c. It severely curtails the powers of the executive branch. d. It formally acknowledges the supremacy of the U.S. Constitution. e. It places the judiciary under the control of the federal government
It formally acknowledges the supremacy of the U.S. constitution
In the US Congress, where do most campaign contributions in Texas go to?
Incumbents
Name recognition often gives____ a district advantage in Texas elections.
Incumbents
Name recognition often gives __________ a distinct advantage ion Texas elections
Incumberment
Kinky Friedman and Carole Keeton Strayhorn ran for governor as __________ in 2006
Independent
Texans are increasingly identifying themselves as
Independent
Kinky Friedman and Carole Keeton Strayhorn ran for governor as ______ in 2006..
Independent candidates.
German immigrants to Texas were socially conservative, suspicious of government, and self-sufficient. The subculture in areas they settled is referred to as:
Individualistic
A constitution reflects the way society structures conflict through its a. institutional arrangements. b. comparative perspective. c. important rituals. d. consensus agreements. e. parliamentary procedures.
Institutional arrangements
Campaigns attempt to reach voters through all of the following EXCEPT
Involvement in high-profile litigation
When individuals or interest groups take out ads concerning a campaign issue but do not tie them directly to any particular candidate it is called
Issue advocacy
What did the motor voter law do to make it easier to register to vote?
It allowed for Texans to register to vote when renewing their driver's license.
What is early voting and why do we allow it?
It allows voting to occur for two weeks prior to the election in order to increase participation.
In Texas, why is a governor's post-adjustment veto so powerful?
It cannot be overturned by the legislature.
In Texas, what is the primary effect of a plural executive?
It dilutes the power of the governor and fragments the the executive branch
Why must the Texas legislature maintain a balanced budget?
It is required by the Texas Constitution
What was the significance of Smith vs Allwright?
It is the case that ruled that the white primary was unconstitutional.
Which of the following is NOT a description of an interest group?
It is typically active only at the national level of government
Major state officials are elected in nonpresidential years because
It prevents popular presidential candidates from influencing he outcome of Texas races
Major state officials are elected in nonresidential years because...?
It prevents popular presidential candidates from influencing the outcomes of Texas races.
Coattail effect?
It's when a lesser candidate gets elected because people straight ticket voted for someone higher up on the ballot which causes him to get more votes.
What is cross-over voting or primary raiding?
It's when you try to stick the other party with a weaker candidate by voting in the other parties primary.
56. The "statehood constitution" of 1845 was influenced by
Jacksonian democracy
Constitution of 1876
Key elements that were built into the new constitution included: 1) Limiting the term of office of the governor to two years. 2) Limited the legislature to biennial (every two years) sessions (if you are not able to meet in session, you can't make laws, which were largely viewed as mischief). A constitutional amendment later limited legislative sessions to only 140 days in those years that it did meet. 3) Judges were chosen by popular election rather than being appointed. 4) The governor had very few appointments to offices that he could make. Indeed, there are five major political offices (the Lieutenant Governor, the Attorney General, the Comptroller, the Commissioner of Agriculture, and the Commissioner of the General Land Office) that exist in the executive branch that are elected independently of the governor. Also, two major policy making bodies, the Texas Railroad Commission and the Board of Education, that are elected independently of the governor. This greatly weakens the power of the governor to make or have influence over policy decisions within the state. Having so many elected officials other than the governor in our state's structure is referred to as the plural executive. 5) the debt that the state could incur was limited to $200,000.00
Which of the following third-party movement had the most success in winning elections in the post World War II era?
La Raza Unida
Which of the following third-party movements had the most success in winning elections in the post-World War II era?
La Raza Unida
______ is the traditional start of the general election campaign in Texas.
Labor Day
__________ is the traditional start of the general election campaign in Texas.
Labor Day
______________ is the traditional start of the general election campaign in Texas
Labor Day
Which political action committee spend the least amount of money in Texas elections
Labor Unions
Which type of PAC spends the least money on Texas elections?
Labor Unions
What day is the traditional start of the general election campaign in Texas.
Labor day
Conventions
Large group of people meeting to pick a candidate. Were used through roughly 1900.
One of the Republican Parties greatest weakness in Texas is its lack of support among
Latinos
One of the Republican Party's greatest weaknesses in Texas is its lack of support among
Latinos
One of the Republican Party's greatest weaknesses in Texas is its lack of support among
Latinos.
Which demographic group is the fastest growing in Texas?
Lations
4) Identify the many reasons why Texas has low voter turnou
Laws and legal restraints, SES model, political structure, political culture.
Under the first Texas constitution, the governor a. led the state militia but had no power to enforce laws. b. granted pardons and presided over the state senate. c. led the state militia, granted pardons and enforced laws. d. led the state militia and served as the state executioner. e. led the state militia and presided over the state senate
Led the state militia, granted pardons and enforced laws
Which stage in the policy-making process is better understood as a separate stage that takes place throughout the entire policy?
Legitmation
Although the democratic party dominated state politics for much of the twentieth century, by the 1950's it faced internal division between __________ and __________ Democrats.
Liberal; Conservative
The two dominant systems of beliefs and values in America and Texas today are referred to as liberalism and conservatism.
Liberalism is often identified as being "left wing", while conservatism is often referred to as being "right wing".
Most Texas Democrats today would be classified as...
Liberals
Most Texas Democrats today would be classified as
Liberals have been relegated to minority status at state level since 1994
Most Texas Democrats today would be classified as
Liberals.
State and local party organizations do all of the following EXCEPT
Litigate against unfavorable policies
Which of the following is NOT usually considered a function of political parties?
Lobbying
A bill in the Texas legislature that would allow a county to establish a new community college would be classified as a...
Local Bill
Articles III, IX, and XI of the Texas Constitution
Local governments fall into 3 categories: counties, municipalities, and special districts (which we will discuss more in last unit of semester).
Why might parties at the state level have less power then that at the national level?
Local issues are usually not ideological in nature.
The significance of the Texas laissez-faire ideology is seen in the:
Low funding appropriated for educational attainment.
Nationally, what two factors caused the bubble in the real estate market?
Low interest and loose credit standards
Why does Texas currently have low voter turnout?
Low levels of edu. attainment, low per capita income, high rate of poverty, location in the South, young pop, trad. and individualistic political culture, candidate centered elections and lil party competition, lack of media attention to substantive political issues, large number of undocumented residents and felons
The Texas economic miracle was credited to
Low taxes and low services, pro-business and free market government, an entrepreneurial spirit.
The primary purpose of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families was to
Make families self sufficient by ending the cycle of dependency on government benefits
In Texas, primary elections are usually held in
March
In Texas, primary elections are usually held in...?
March
The most costly item for most political campaigns is
Media Ad's
The most costly item for most political campaigns is
Media advertising
Lyndon Johnson's Great Society
Medicaid, a national program providing health care for the poor, was added to the existing Social Security program under
The requirements for holding office in the Texas legislature are...
Minimal, in keeping with the idea that office-holding should be open to most citizens
Which of the following is NOT a reason, listed by the text, that there are few minority judges in Texas?
Minority candidates tend to be outspent by white candidates
There is no questions that __________ is/are important for candidates success in Texas.
Money
There is no question that ________ is/are important for candidate success in Texas.
Money!!!
In Texas elections, the ______ play(s) the largest role in running campaigns.
Money.
Daniel Elazar's classification scheme for state political culture uses the concepts of __________ to describe such cultures.
Moralistic. Individualistic. and Traditionalists.
Do most Texas voters identify with one of the two major parties, or do they call themselves independents?
Most Texas identify with the 2 major parties.
Administration of primaries is the responsibility of each party.
Most of the duties fall upon the county chairperson who is responsible for arranging for polling places, voting machines, and counting votes.
Professional Associations:
Most professions that require advanced education or specialized training have organizations to protect and promote their interests. furthering members' interests in state and federal legislatures, supporting policies that benefit specific industries. For instance, the medical industry has worked to restrict lawsuits for medical malpractice, placing caps on the amount of money families may sue for and implementing time limits on how long families have to sue when a loved one is injured or killed as a result of a medical procedure.
Texas spending on a per capita basis is...?
Much lower than the national average
Which groups have had notable political success by litigating in federal courts?
National Asssociation for the Advancement of colored ppl, league of united latin american citizens or the mexican american legal defense fund.
The first economically significant oil discovery in Texas was in:
Navarro County near Corsicana in 1894.
By about the 1940's a split between liberal and conservatives developed in the Democratic Party that focused on...
New Deal economic policies and civil rights measures
By about the 1940's, a split between liberal and conservatives developed in the Democratic Party that focused on
New Deal economic policies and civil rights measures
By about the 1940s, a split between liberal and conservatives developed in the Democratic Pary, that focused on
New Deal economic policies and civil rights measures
When intraparty disputes split members into different groups, these groups are referred to as
New Deal economic policies and civil rights.
The use of block grants, allowing states considerable leeway in how federal money is spent, was championed by President ________ under the name New Federalism.
Nixon
In ___________ the US Supreme court held that the state executive committees were acting as agents of the state and were discriminating in violation of the 14th amendment
Nixon v. Codon
In __________ the U.S. Supreme court held that the state executive committees were acting as agents of the state and were discriminating in violation of the fourteenth amendment
Nixon v. Condon
Rational Basis Test
Presumes that the legal classification made by the govt is constitutional; all the govt must show is some rational justification for the law
2. A special law passed for the purpose of punishing a certain person without a trial is called:
None of the above
_____________ elections are elections in which the party affiliations of candidates are not listed on the ballot.
Nonpartisan elections.
In 1991, the United States, Mexico, and Canada negotiated the a. North American Free Trade Agreement. b. Central American Free Trade Agreement. c. Meso-America Free Trade Agreement. d. United States-Mexico-Canada Free Exporting Agreement. e. Organization of North American States Agreement
North American Free Trade Agreement
The most important role for political parties in Texas elections is to
Offer a candidate a label by which he or she can identify with the voters.
The most important role for political parties in Texas elections is to:
Offer the candidates a label by which they can identify with the voters.
When are general elections held?
On the first Tuesday following the first Monday in November of even-numbered years.
Rules of the legislature require that the bill be read...
On three separate occasions
be registered to vote in state and national elections
One proposal to address illegal immigration in Texas is a guest-worker program in which temporary immigrant workers would be permitted to work in Texas provided that they do all of the following except
obtaining water supplies for urban areas
One significant problem facing Texas in the future involves
Which of the following about the Texas Legislature is INCORRECT?
Only the Senate has the constitutional authority to launch investigations into problems concerning the state
The purpose of an __________ is to allow any registered voter to cast a ballot in either primary, but not both. There are no party restrictions.
Open Primary
Single Issue:
Organized to influence policy in one particular area
One of the reasons why party politics in Texas differs from that of other southern states is because
Other states have historically larger African-American (AA) populations, .
The degree to which members of the Texas Republican Party have become more conservative and Democratic members have become more liberal is referred to as...?
Partisan Polarization
The degree to which members of the Texas Republican Party have become more conservative, and members of the Texas Democratic Party have become more liberal, is referred to as
Partisan Polarization
What are we voting for in a primary election?
Party candidate.
The most costly item for most political campaigns is
Paying for media ads account.
The pattern beginning in the 1950's, of Texans voting for a republican president but sticking with conservative Democrats for state office is called
Presidential Republicanism
social Darwinism.
People who succeed and prosper are worthy and deserve to be at the top of the socioeconomic ladder, while those that sink to the bottom are unworthy and deserve their poverty. This is exhibited by a resistance to government aid.
One of the most notable effects of bicameralism in the Texas legislature is that it....?
Permits more opportunities to kill or significantly modify a bill.
A person who files a civil lawsuit against another party is called a...?
Plaintiff
Providing a label that helps voters identify those seeking office is an important function of
Political Parties
The process by which our parents, teachers, and others influence our identification with a political party is referred to as
Political Socialization
The process of __________ occurs throughout our early years, when parents, religious leaders, teachers and other influence out partisan identifications.
Political Socialization
A private group that raises and distributes funds for use in election campaigns is called a
Political action committee
the broadly shared values and beliefs about government
Political culture is a term used to describe
The acquiring of political values and beliefs from family and institutions is through a process called:
Political socialization
In which election is voter turnout the highest?
Presidential elections
In which of the following elections is voter turnout the highest
Presidential elections
populism
Populism is concerned primarily with the well being of ordinary people, and emphasizes the popular will as the chief virtue of political position. Populism has both political and social dimensions. Politically, it tends to support involvement of the government in regulating society and the economy. But populism may also take socially conservative forms, or rely more on style and rhetorical appeal to 'the people,' rather than on the substance of what political leaders are actually advocating. Thus, depending on the context, populist appeals may support very different political positions."
populists
Populists are the polar opposites of libertarians. In general, they view the role of government as being very active in virtually all policy areas.
Sovereign
Possessing supreme political authority within a geographic area
The most persistent social problem facing Texas is
Poverty
The most persistent social problem facing Texas is...
Poverty
Authority
Power exercised through the laws and institutions of government is known as authority. Authority can be more strictly defined as the recognized right of an individual, organization, or institution to make binding decisions.
The procedure by which certain states, such as Texas, are required to obtain approval every time they make changes to districts is called
Preclearance.
Liberalism:
Prefer that government NOT be involved in moral issues. This primarily stems from belief that each individual has right to determine their own destiny.
Intermediate Standard of Review
Primarily used for classifications in the law based on sex; for the law to be constitutional the govt must show important governmental objectives and the law must be substantially related to achievement of those objectives
Know the types of elections found in Texas?
Primary Elections, Runoff primary, open primary, Closed primary General Election, Special Election.
A(n) _______ election is a ballot vote in which citizens selet a party's nominee for the general election.
Primary.
The stages of public policy making are...? (6)
Problem Identification, Agenda Setting, Policy Making, Budgeting, Implementation, Evaluation
The Texas Medical Association is best describe as what kind of interest group
Professional
The Texas Medical Association is best described as what kind of interest group?
Professional
The Texas Medical Association is best described as what kind of interest group?
Professional group.
alcohol harmed individuals and families
Progressives favored the prohibition of alcohol, because they believed that
The right-to-work law a. guarantees each Texan the right to work at a living wage. b. provides Texans the right to work on the county payroll. c. prohibits union membership as a condition of employment. d. demonstrates the power of unions over the power of business. e. was encouraged by the unions because it guarantees employment
Prohibits union membership as a condition of employment
A system that allocates representation to legislatures that ensures a voice for minority parties is called a.
Prop. Repres..
Which of the following is NOT a requirement to vote in Texas
Property ownership
_______, is a system of REPRESENTATION that encourages third-party voting because it allows each political party representation in PROPORTION to its percentage of the total vote.
Proportional Representation
Third parties are most likely to have electoral success under which system of elections?
Proportional Representation system of representation that encourages third-party voting because it allows each political party representation in PROPORTION to its percentage of the total vote. system that allocates representation to legislatures that ensures a voice for minority parties
In 1965, Congress created the medicaid program, a state-federal program, to...
Provide health care for the poor
Lobbyist can do all of the following...? (4)
Provide info for politicians,write bills, testify before legislative committees, entertain politicians
Highly partisan legislation passed in 2011 now requires Texans to
Provide photo identification when voting
Information benefits:
Special newsletters, periodicals, training programs, conferences, and other information provided to group members to entice others to join.
Constituency service provided by Texas representatives may include all of the following EXCEPT?
Providing legal services in court
The largest and most effective public employee interest group in Texas is made up of
Public school teachers.
Which of the following is the best example of a public interest group?
Public school teachers.
The Dixiecrats abandoned the national Democratic Party in the 1948 presidential election over the issue of
Racial integration.
What was Allan Shivers famous for?
Ran for governor in 1952 Democrat that told everyone to vote for the Republican president Dwight Eisenhower Supported candidate because conservative Democrats believed that the national Democratic Pary had become too liberal
Texas was the first state in the South to
Ratify the women's suffrage amendment
Why did President Reagan seek to end revenue sharing with state and local governments? a. Revenue sharing was an unfunded mandate that increased inflation. b. Reagan sought to replace revenue sharing solely with block grants. c. Revenue sharing was inefficient, and he sought to transfer funding from them to categorical grants. d. Reagan felt that the funding of Medicaid should take precedence over revenue sharing. e. Reagan believed that revenue sharing was inefficient and contributed to the federal deficit
Reagan believed that revenue sharing was inefficient and contributed to the federal deficit
For how long does Texas legislative meet?
Regular legislative last 140 days every two years
Which two factions are at the heart of Texas' Republican Party?
Religious Right & Economic Conservatives.
Which of the following is NOT a legislative power of the Texas governor?
Removing, for suitable cause, the Speaker or lieutenant governor
In 1876 after democrats regained control of the state government, A constitution was ADOPTED that:
Represented a return to the Traditional principles of the Jeffersonian Democrats and the limited government.
In, Texas, the ____ party usually experiences higher voter turnout than the___ party.
Republican, Democratic
In Texas, the __________ Party usually experiences higher voter turnout than the ____________ Party does
Republican; Democrat
In Texas, the __________ Party usually experiences higher voter turnout than the __________ party
Republican; Democratic
Following the Civil war, Most African-Americans in Texas Voted for:
Republicans
Which party has benefited slightly more from early voting?
Republicans
29. Following the Civil War, most African Americans in Texas voted for
Republicans.
Texans are increasingly identifying themselves as
Republicans.
Texas trial lawyers frequently ally with
Republicans.
Which party has benefited slightly more from early voting?
Republicans.
Motor voter law
Requires states allow people to register to vote when applying for drivers license (or renewing)
__________ was the former Texas Speaker of the House who was indicated for taking an illegal gift from a law firm that specialized in collecting delinquent taxes for local government
Restrictions on speaking fees
Selective Incorporation
Rights in the Bill of Rights that the Court believes are fundamental and are held to apply to the states as well as the national govt because they are part of the "liberty" protected from state action in the Fourteenth Amendment
A(n) ______ occurs when the winner of a primary election fails to win an absolute majority of the votes cast.
Runoff.
In Texas, which group is most likely to support the Republican Party?
Rural and Suburban Areas.
Which of the following statements about special sessions of the Texas legislation is true?
Special sessions are common, held an average of once a year since 1876
What school district in Texas became the first in the nation to comply with the Supreme Court's order in Brown v. Board of Education?
San Antonio
In 2004 and 2005, three special sessions were called in the Texas legislature to deal with...
School Finance
5. Texas currently ranks in number of electoral votes, with 34.
Second
Texas currently ranks in number of electoral votes, with 34.
Second
In Texas, primary elections are usually held in
Second Tuesday in March of even numbered years.
When is the Texas primary held?
Second Tuesday in March.
The most important role for political parties in Texas elections is to
Select candidates to run for office under the party label
1) Elections serve a number of functions in a democratic society. Identify them.
Select leaders, authorize actions by govt. and borrow money on behalf of the govt.
Solidary benefits:
Selective benefits of group membership that emphasize friendship, networking, and consciousness-raising. You get to attend an annual reception or convention in some great destination like Vegas or NYC.
Purposive benefits incentives
Selective membership benefits that emphasize the purpose of the group and the pursuit and accomplishment of important group goals. Feeling that you have a purpose, that you are contributing to society and making a difference.
The Governor appoints people to office, but the Texas ______ must also confirm them.
Senate
To address the budget shortfall in the 2012-2013 budget, the most common tactic used by the legislature was...?
Spending cuts
26. What tax was levied for extraction of natural resources in Texas?
Severance Tax
The __________ movement was a movement during the 1950's in which conservative Democrats in Texas supported Republican candidate Dwight Eisenhower for the presidency because many of those conservative Democrats believed that the national Democratic Party had become too liberal.
Shivercrat
What was the movement during the 1950's in which conservative Democrats in Texas supported Republican candidate Dwight Eisenhower for the presidency because many of those conservative Democrats believed that the national Democratic Party had become too liberal?
Shivercrat
national defense
Since obtaining statehood, the one area in which Texans have most consistently supported the federal government is in matters of
Buckley v. Valeo (1976)
Supreme Court ruling that held that the restrictions of the Federal Campaign Act of 1972 suppressed 1st Amendment guarantee of free speech. Impact was important for individuals who wished to fund their own campaigns (Ross Perot, for example). This protection was also extended to Political Action Committees (PACs).
Harsh competition among individuals where the most fir survive and reproduce their own kind while the weak or inferior perish is referred to as and was proposed by:
Social Darwinism ; Charles Darwin
22. Harsh competition among individuals where the most fit survive and reproduce their own kind while the weak or inferior perish is referred to as and was proposed by:
Social Darwinism, Charles Darwin
social conservatism
Social conservatism derives from the classical conservatism rooted in feudal English and European thinking that viewed liberalism with suspicion, embraced traditional hierarchical social relations, and tended to interpret social change as a threat to established practices and beliefs. In contemporary forms, social conservatives tend to support the use of government to reinforce traditional social relations. They value established traditions, especially established religious beliefs and practices, and respect traditional authority figures such as business, military and religious leaders."
Which two political leaders in Texas are the most powerful figures in the state?
Speaker of the House and the lieutenant governor
the Seventeenth Amendment
State legislatures lost the power to appoint their U.S. senators under
Individuals who are different regions of the country or within a state will likely have different political values. This illustrates the existence of a variety of different political:
Subcultures
In the 1950's, who were know as the Shivercrats?
Supporters of governor Alan Shivers' bid for the White House in 1952 and 1956.
Texas currently operates under a constitution that was adopted following the Civil War and the Radical Reconstruction era. In this constitution, Texans a. heartened by the previous administration, gave the governor more powers. b. disgusted by the Reconstruction government, set up a confederate government. c. encouraged by Governor Edmund Davis, kept many of his policies. d. pleased by Reconstruction changes, added more rights for African Americans. e. suspicious of government, limited its power and fragmented its institutions
Suspicious of government, limited its power and fragmented its institutions
In March 2010, Congress passed_____, substantially altering the nation's health care system.
The Affordable Care Act
Interest groups typically have more time, money, and expertise to offer politicians than do average citizens. (T/F)
True
Which of the following is an INCORRECT statement regarding the Native American population of Texas?
The Caddo Indians in East Texas Gave Texas its name by referring to newcomers as Tayshas, which means White man. NOT TRUE!
17. Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding the Native American population of Texas?
The Caddo Indians in East Texas gave Texas its name by referring to newcomers as tayshas, which means "white man
58. Which Texas Constitution provided for appointed judges and annual legislative sessions?
The Constitution of 1869
59. What was Texas' most progressive constitution in terms of power and organization?
The Constitution of 1869
What are the four geographical regions of Texas?
The Gulf Coastal Plains The Interior Lowlands The Great Plains The Basin and Range Province
The individualistic culture in Texas is most prominent in:
The HILL country.
Under the Texas Constitution, who has the power of impeachment?
The House of Representatives has the power to impeach, while the Senate has the power to try and convict.
Spain; Napoleonic Wars
The Mexican War of Independence against ___ grew out of the ____
Elements of _________ can still be found in Texas in the twenty-first century in the form of property rights, water rights and community property. a. the Mexican legal system b. Confederate law c. the legal system of the Republic of Texas d. Native American customs e. Spanish imperial law
The Mexican legal system
Mexico finally relinquished its claim to Texas at the conclusion of the:
The Mexican war with the U.S.
The latest new party formed in the United States in an election year was
The Neutral Law Party
The newest political party formed in election year was ____________
The Neutral Law Party
The Democratic Party in the state shrank to become the minority party when
The Reagan Revolution reached Texas
The first of these is the Constitution of 1869, also referred to as the Radical Reconstruction Constitution. In many ways the constitution that we have today, and the provisions of it, are a direct result of what this constitution did.
The Radical Republicans enforced their will on Texas (and all southern states) through several actions: 1) they set aside the government already formed by Reconstruction in 1866 2) the enfranchised (grated voting rights) to former slaves and other minorities 3) they disenfranchised (removed voting rights) from former Confederate soldiers and other prominent whites in the state 4) the imposed military rule across the state
In the early to mid-1980s, the court tended to be sympathetic to the plaintiffs' positions in tort cases, but by the late 1980s this changed. Which of the following is NOT a reason for the change?
The Reagan era placed a financial cap on what a plaintiff could be awarded from a case.
Preclearance is required by
The U.S. Department of Justice or the U.S. district court for the District of Columbia.
West Coast Hotel Company v. Parrish
The Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of minimum wage laws in
The latest new party formed in the US was in an election year was?
The Tea Party
Which movement has had the largest impact on state legislative races in recent years?
The Tea party movement
a long, complex, and detailed document
The Texas Constitution is
by members of the Texas Republican Party
The Texas Constitution of 1869 was created
two-thirds vote in both houses of the state legislature and a majority vote from the voters of Texas
The Texas Constitution requires which of the following for amendment?
lawyers and slaveholders
The Texas Constitutional Convention of 1861 was dominated by
The Constitution of 1836 which established the Republic of Texas was modeled after a. the new constitution of Mexico. b. the Constitution of Coahuila y Tejas. c. the U.S. Constitution. d. the constitution of the neighboring Mexican state of Coahuila. e. Spanish civil code
The U.S. constitution
Less than 20 percent of all judges in Texas are Hispanic. (T/F)
True
New Federalism
The attempts by Pres Nixon and Reagan to return power to the states through block grants
What is the most important function of parties in Texas?
The basic definition of a political party is an organization of people established to win an election. The most important function in Texas is that they provide a label under which candidates can run and with which voters can identify. Most important: They select candidates to run for their party.
Legitimacy
The belief people have that their government is based upon morally right principles, and that therefore they should obey its laws. All governments, in order to be effective, must have this. Somehow, the people must recognize the right of the government to govern.
Moralistic political culture
The belief that government should be active in promoting the pubic good and that citizens should participate in politics and civic activities to ensure that good. Places high value on citizen participation in politics. Originated in New England.
Traditionalistic political culture
The belief that government should be dominated by political elites and guided by tradition. Developed in the South.
Individualistic political culture
The belief that government should limit its role to providing order in society, so that citizens can pursue their economic self-interests. Places low value on citizen participation in politics. Originated in the middle states.
In Texas elections, who play (s) the largest role in running campaigns.
The candidates
Why is the comptroller of public accounts so important to the legislature?
The comptroller informs the legislature how much money it has to spend on the budget
In addition to the legislators and the governor, there are others involved in the lawmaking process during both regular and special sessions. Which one official has direct involvement in the legislative process, while other players are involved indirectly?
The comptroller of public accounts
One significant component of the budget process that is relatively unique to Texas is....?
The constitutional mandate that Texas legislators write a budget every two years
What is the purpose of a primary election?
The determine the party's nominees for the general election.
in an armed standoff in the capital between the Republican governor and the Democratic legislature in 1872
The domination of Texas politics by Republicans after the Civil War ended
the high-tech industry
The economy of San Antonio rests on the all of the following except
Which interest is NOT represented in a list of the top interest groups in Texas
The enviroment
When is the general election?
The first Tuesday after the first Monday in November.
Democracy
The form of government based upon the theory that the legitimacy of any government must come from the free participation of its citizens. It is simply a set of rules determining who will exercise the authority of government. It is based on the idea of the consent of the governed, which has come mostly to mean majority rule.
What is the process for granting clemency in Texas?
The governor must follow the recommendations of the Texas Board of Pardons and Paroles.
elitism
The holds that policy is controlled by a small number of well-positioned, highly influential individuals. It is NOT democratic at all. In most theories of elitism the elite is an economic elite who controls the principal economic resources and products in society. The elite uses its economic power to gain and hold political power, sometimes openly and sometimes covertly.
Which of the following is NOT A CORRECT STATEMENT?
The horizontal drilling technique was utilized before 1980's to make oil extraction more profitable in Texas. NOT TRUE.
20. Which one of the following is not a correct statement?
The horizontal drilling technique was utilized before 1980s to make oil extraction more profitable in Texas.
What was the Democrat strategy in selecting its "dream team" in 2002?
The idea was to mobilize all the Latino voters while holding on to White values. (Gov. Latino & Lt. Gov. White)
All of the following are challenges facing education policy in Texas EXCEPT..
The increasing teen pregnancy rate among female students.
In cases in which the accused CANNOT provide bail or CANNOT pay bondsman, what option may this individual have?
The individual can be released on his or her personal promise to appear.
What are we voting for in a general election?
The job.
Which of the following about the lieutenant governor in Texas is INCORRECT?
The lieutenant governor's powers are primarily executive, not legislative.
When the governor strikes out specific spending provisions in large appropriates bills it is called....?
The line-item veto
35. The dramatic drop in the world price of oil in 1985 led to these conditions in Texas:
The loss of thousands of jobs
The dramatic drop in the world price of oil in 1985 led to these conditions in Texas:
The loss of thousands of jobs.
Authorized by voters in 1991, the Texas state lottery generates a sizeable sum for the state budget. Which of the following statements regarding the Texas lottery is true?
The lottery is played by large numbers of people from all social classes
That Texas would be a proslavery state
The main problem that stalled the admission of Texas into the United States was
slave-owing southern states
The majority of delegates to the Convention of 1836 that drafted the constitution for a newly independent Republic of Texas were from
The most important thing to remember about political parties is
The most important thing to remember about political parties is that they exist to get candidates elected to office in order to influence public policy. Thus, political parties sometimes sacrifice ideological consistency in order to simply win an office.
Strict Scrutiny
The most rigorous equal protection standard. It requires that the govt show a compelling state interest in order to successfully defend a law that makes certain classifications such as race classifications. Additionally, that classification must be one that is narrowly tailored by the least drastic means possible to achieve the govt's objective
What is Duverger's law?
The observation that in a single-member district system of electing representatives, a two party system will emerge.
Why have the political pundits in Texas been asking when Texas will "turn blue"?
The ongoing dominance if the Republican Party in the state and the state's growing minority increasingly Latino
Which of the following is NOT found in the Texas bill of rights?
The right to be employed
Which statement regarding urbanization in Texas is INCORRECT?
The origins of cities in Texas are found in Native American civilizations.
Direct Primaries
The people pick who is the party candidate. Parties fought this because it took power away from the elite.
Reconstruction
The period after the Civil War when much of the South was under military occupation
permanent organization
The permanent organization consists of little more than a skeleton force of people who conduct the routine but essential business of the party. The main persons who are members of this group are typically the precinct chairperson(s), county chairperson, the County Executive Committee, the District Executive Committee, the State executive Committee, and the State Chairperson.
In Texas, the lieutentant governor is also the president of the Senate and may cast a vote to break a tie. (T/F)
True
The primary factor that helps to perpetuate the two party system in the U.S. is
The primary factor that helps to perpetuate the two party system in the U.S. is plurality voting with single-member districts.
Urbanization
The process by which people move from rural areas to cities.
Politics
The process that determines whose values will prevail in society. Political scientist Harold Lasswell defined it as the struggle to determine "who gets what, when, and how". It involves conflict and the struggle for lesser resources. Political conflict is rooted in two general conditions of society: 1) scarcity, society's resources are finite, but people's appetites are not; 2) differences in values, people see things in different ways.In very basic terms, those that have "it" want to keep "it", those that don't have "it" want to get "it".
One of the controversies arising out of the Medicaid Women's Health Program in Texas involved..
The program and the cost of birth control, health screenings, and family exams
the Texas Railroad Commission
The regulation of oil and energy in Texas is performed by
the great depression began
The relationship between the states and the federal government changed dramatically soon after
Which is one of the biggest issues in regard to perpetuating criminal activities in Texas?
The requirements placed on offenders are so difficult to comply with that offenders will likely disregard the requirements and hope to not get caught
Runoff primaries are generally held
The second Tuesday in April
Runoff primaries are generally held when?
The second Tuesday in April
Runoff primaries are generally held
The second Tuesday in April .
In Texas, primary elections are usually held in
The second Tuesday of March of even-numbered years.
structuring,
The second theory, structuring, states that early learning "structures" later learning. In other words, what we learn early in life tends to cause us to continue to learn in a manner that supports what we already believe. Thus we continue to behave in a manner consistent with what we learn at an early age.
In Texas, which officer in the plural executive is NOT elected by voters?
The secretary of state
separation of powers
The separation of government into three branches-legislative, executive, and judicial- is called
10) Major statewide officials are elected in nonpresidential election years because
This arrangement seeks to prevent popular presidential candidates from influencing the outcomes of Texas races.
In most situations, the first driving-while-intoxicated charge is filed as a Class B misdemeanor. (T/F)
True
An enduring contribution of the Native American population to Texas' culture, government and politics is:
The state's name
federalism
The system of distributing powers between states and central government is called
Dual Federalism
The system of govt that prevailed in the US from 1789 to 1937, in which most fundamental governmental powers were strictly separated between the federal and state govts
Which movement has had the largest impact on state legislative races in recent years?
The tea party movement.
temporary party organization
The temporary party organization is focused on the spring primary and the fall general election. It attempts to choose attractive candidates and mobilize voters to support them.
the capitalist system undergoes periodic waves of transformation cause by new technologies
The term creative destruction refers to the process by which
age-cohort tendency
The third learning theory is called the "age-cohort tendency". What this says is that if there is going to be significant change in our behavior (from that of our parents) it is going to happen at a younger age. It is very rare that older citizens change their positions on political opinions.
Sovereignty
The ultimate authority to govern. Under modern theories of governing power, each individual has the authority to govern themselves. They concede some of this sovereignty to a government to help make an orderly society. This is the basis of what is called the "social contract".
Nixon
The use of block grants, allowing states considerable leeway in how federal money is spent, was championed by President _____ under the name New Federalism
The most important federal law involved in the expansion of the franchise in Texas was
The voting Rights Act of 1965.
deadwood
There are many interesting little features of the Texas constitution that are generally ignored because of a variety of problems. These are known as "deadwood" because they cannot be made operational.
11) Independent candidates are rarely on the Texas ballot because
There are substantial requirments for getting ones name on the ballot. Additionally independent candidates lack the political support of party organizations and the advantage of having a party label on the ballot.
What happened when the Republicans reached the 200,000 votes requirement for a primary in 1972?
They changed the requirement to at least 20% of all votes to qualify for a primary.
Most of Texas's African American population is concentrated in all of the following areas EXCEPT
They concentrate in all areas of Houston, Dallas, San Antonio, and Austin.
What sort of things do parties do for candidates?
They do fundraising and assist with legal requirements and training. They also assist with phone banks, door-to-door contacts and other efforts.
Independent candidates are rarely on the Texas ballot because
They lack the political support of party org. and the adv. of having a party label on the ballot.
What do interest groups want from policy makers
They want policy that is beneficial for their groups
What do interest groups want from policy makers?
They want policy that is beneficial to their groups.
What was the problem Speaker Sam Rayburn identified with the "steak men" at the beginning of the twentieth century
They were legislators who would "sell" their votes on a bill for free steak dinners
pluralism
This holds that policies are effectively decided through power wielded by special interests that dominate particular policy areas. It helps to protect the rights of minorities. It tries to assure representation for all segments of a diverse (pluralistic) society. The problem with this form of democracy is that many times the will of the majority is thwarted.
capitalism
This is a set of rules governing the distributions of costs and benefits
federal system
This is a structure of government which is characterized by a division (or sharing of) powers between a national government and associated regional (or state) governments.
majoritarianism.
This is the concept the that numerical majority prevails not only in counting votes but also in determining public policy. This is sometimes referred to as classical democracy. The problem with this form of democracy is that sometimes minority groups can get overlooked when considering public policy.
Federalism
This is the sharing and/or division of power and authority among more than one level of government. It helps to diffuse authority, yet can also be confusing when trying to determine accountability.
motor voter law.
This required the states to offer voter registration to persons when they renewed their driver's licenses.
Providing power.
This states specifically what government can do. In a way, it is also a limiting factor in that, if viewed this way, because government can only do the things stated by the provisions here.
Power
Those who decide political issues are said to have power, a term that refers to the ability of persons or institutions to control policy decisions.
John Nance Garner
Though it was controversial at the time, President Wilson was able to pass legislation creating he Federal Reserve System with the help of an influential representative from Texas named
The district court in San Antonio v. Rodriguez delayed action because the court...
Thought the plaintiffs would change their minds and withdraw the suit
The population increase Texas experienced from 1980 to 1990 entitled the state to:
Three additional seats in the U.S House of Representatives.
Texas was the first state in the South to
To ratify the women's suffrage amend..
What is the purpose of a primary election
To select a party's candidate for the general election
. What was a primary purpose of Texas in the Republic of Mexico? a. To be a launching point for an invasion of the United States. b. To supply oil to the Republic of Mexico. c. To serve as a diplomatic mediator between Mexico and the United States. d. To supply gold to the Republic of Mexico. e. To serve as a buffer between Mexico and the United States
To serve as a buffer between Mexico and the United States
What is plurality?
To win, a candidate only needs more votes than anybody else.
marble-cake federalism
Today, our federal system is best described as
11. Which of the following subcultures best explains the reasons for less participation by African-Americans in politics?
Traditionalistic
Which of the following Subcultures best explains the reasons for less participation by African-Americans in Politics?
Traditionalistic
Texas has a political Culture that is best described as:
Traditionalistic / Individualistic
According to Daniel Elazar, the political culture of Texas is:
Traditionalistic because of the influence of the old south.
Often Texas is categorized as having a
Traditionalistic individualistic political culture. * Taxes are kept low. * Social services are minimized. * Political elites, such as business leaders, ave a major voice in how the state is run.
South
Traditionalistic political cultures, according to Daniel Elazar, are typically found in the
A felony is serious criminal offense, punishable by a prison sentence or fine. (T/F)
True
Among the 50 states, Texas ranked forty-sixth on per capita state government expenditures. (T/F)
True
Anglo Texans have voter turnout levels that are higher than Latino turnout levels.
True
By 1999, Republicans took over complete control of all statewide offices. (T/F)
True
Dark money is political money where the donors of the money do NOT have to be disclosed. (T/F)
True
Duverger's Law states that single-member districts result in two-party systems.
True
Each incorporated town or city in Texas has a municipal court? (T/F)
True
Federal expenditures play an important role in the Texas state budget. (T/F)
True
Governor Rick Perry's record of failures and achievements as chef executive of the state shows that governors do matter. (T/F)
True
Had Democratic candidate Wendy Davis been elected she would have been the second elected woman since WWII. (T/F)
True
Houston is located in the gulf coastal plains region
True
Impeachment of a governor begins in the Texas House of Representatives. (T/F)
True
In South Texas, Democrats control many cities, towns, and school boards due to the large Latino population. (T/F)
True
To vote in Texas today you must be all of the following
U.S. citizen at least 18 years of age on election day - A resident of the state and county for the 30 days immediately preceding election day - A resident of the election precinct on election day - Registered to vote 30 days before election day
The House of Representatives has the power to impeach, while the senate has the power to try and convict
Under the Texas Constitution, who has the power of impeachment?
Printz v. United States
Until a national database was created, background checks under the Brady Act were suspended following the Supreme Court's ruling in
Caucuses
Used in 1840's, they were small groups of very elite people meeting in private to pick party candidate.
For which which type of offenses are Texas prisons inmates most likely to be imprisoned?
Violent
Preclearance is required by the
Voting Rights Act of 1965
The most important federal law involved in the expansion of the franchise in Texas was the....?
Voting Rights Act of 1965
The most important federal law involved in the expansion of the franchise in Texas was the
Voting Rights Act of 1972
The Occupy movement is a political movement interested in limiting the influence of_______ in the American politics.
Wall Street and big business
The Occupy movement is a political movement interested in limiting the influence of __________ in America
Wall street and big business
The Occupy movement is a political movement interested in limiting the influence of what in American politics?
Wall street and big corporations.
The Traditionalistic culture:
Wants experienced politicians running the government.
Texas has _____ laws dealing with lobbying by former government officials.
Weak
Texas has __________ laws dealing with lobbying by former government officals
Weak
42. Which of the following is true of Social Darwinism?
Wealth was deserved by individuals who acquired it.
Which of the following is due to Social Darwinism?
Wealth was deserved by individuals who acquired it.
Public policy
What government formulates. Laws, rules, regulations, ordinances - all these things are examples of public policy. There is seemingly no end to the policies that government formulates. This is largely in response to what you, the tax-paying public, requests.
The Texas Constitution grants to Texans rights that are not found in the U.S. Constitution
What is the major difference between the bill of rights in the Texas constitution and the U.S. Bill of Rights?
pseudo laissez-faire economics.
What this refers to is that most business people don't want government interference with regard to regulation or taxation, but if they get into trouble then they want government to help them out.
He worked with the Spanish government to bring American settlers into Texas.
What was Stephen F. Austin's role in the development of Texas?
an increasing ideological division between Republicans and Democrats
When Phil Gramm, a lifelong Democrat, switched to the Republican Party and easily won reelection, it signaled
What does it mean for an interest group to "get on the late train"?
When an opposed interest group is unfriendly with the winner and they have to get on good terms and contribute money late.
After the civil war
When in Texas history did cattle become big business?
an unfunded mandate
When the federal government requires a state to meet federal guidelines without offering financial support to pay for these programs, it is known as
Ideology
a consistent pattern of behavior based on a core set of ideas, values and beliefs.
Straight ticket voting?
When you vote for everyone in a certain party.
Preemption
Where the national govt imposes its priorities and prevents the state from acting in a particular field
Houston
Which city in Texas currently has the largest populations?
Lubbock
Which city is located in the Great Plains region of Texas?
Oil was discovered
Which event occurred at Spindletop, Texas?
Lyndon Johnson
Which future president from Texas supported Roosevelt's court-packing scheme when he ran for office in the U.S. Congress?
a natural increase of births, in proportion to deaths
Which of the following contributed most to the increase in the population of Texas?
In Texas, the executive department is made up of several elected offices, instead of just one
Which of the following describes a significant difference between the structure of the Texas executive department and the structure of the U.S. executive branch?
The strong role of labor unions
Which of the following does not reflect one of the historic characteristics that make up Texas political culture?
Negative advertising in the media has had the effect of alienating possible voters
Which of the following is not a reason for the low level voter turnout for constitutional amendments?
A system of government in which states maintain their sovereignty
Which of the following is the best definition of a confederation?
Texas has multiple political cultures within its borders
Which of the following is the best description of Texas political culture?
labor unions
Which of the following political groups have traditionally had the least influence on Texas politics?
Texas had to return to the federal government parts of Oklahoma seized by Texas Confederate soldiers
Which of the following statements about the Texas Constitutional Convention of 1865 is not true?
Davis was a Republican who used the centralized powers of the governorship to maintain control over his regime
Which of the following statements best describes the post-Civil War governorship of E. J. Davis?
Since independence from Mexico, Texas has had a bicameral legislature
Which of the following statements best describes the structure of the Texas legislature?
giving independence to the judiciary by making all judges appointed, instead of elected
Which of the following was not a goal for those writing the Texas Constitution?
It established a bicameral legislature
Which of the following was not important part of the 1827 Constitution of Coahuila y Tejas, established when Texas was part of Mexico?
The judiciary should be appointed by the governor, with confirmation by the Senate
Which of the following was not part of the Ratliff-Junell proposal for Texas constitutional change?
Texas could maintain its own army and navy for twenty-five years
Which of the following was not part of the annexation agreement between Texas and the United States?
the necessity of strong limitations on the authority of state officals
Which principle of government is the key to understanding the drafting of the Texas Constitution of 1876?
John Nance Garner
Which prominent Texan served as FDR's vice president until 1940?
African Americans
Which racial or ethnic group in Texas is concentrated in East Texas?
Dallas and Austin
Which two Texas metropolitan areas are national centers for the high-tech industry?
Which demographic group has the largest percentage share of voters in Texas
Whites
Which demographic group has the largest percentage share of voters in Texas ?
Whites
Which demographic group has the largest percentage share of voters in Texas?
Whites
Today, the Texas Democratic party's base is made up of all the following EXCEPT
Whites in East Texas
______ was the first Republican to hold the office of Texas governor since the end of Reconstruction.
William R. Clements.
linkage institutions
With regard to the political process, the media serve an important function because they provide us with a link to our political institutions and leaders. This is one of the important concepts from this unit: linkage institutions (political parties, interest groups, and the media)
support for "Don' ask, don't tell"
With the weakening public support for the New Deal, the Reagan era reoriented Texans' support for all of the following except
Which statement concerning women's suffrage is correct?
Women were permitted to vote in all elections in Texas with the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.
Which statement concerning women's suffrage is correct
Women were permitted to vote in all elections in Texas with the ratification of the nineteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution
Sharecropping
_____ is the system, common in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, by which farmers would be lent land and equipment in exchange for part of the profits.
Oil
____was the chief economic product of Texas during the early twentieth century
The last Democratic president that carried the state of Texas was
`.Jimmy Carter
38. The privileges and immunities clause of the Constitution means:
a citizen of one state cannot be treated as an alien in another state.
primary election
a ballot vote in which citizen select a party's nominee for the general election
The 8F Crowd was
a group of elite, wealthy, powerful, pro-business ppl, 8F was the number on a suite of rooms at the Lamar Hotel in Houston
Cornpone
a hickish real rejection of modern urban lifestyles.
Though not covered in your online textbook, there are several key factors that combine to create the unique political culture of Texas. These factors include:
a) geographic size b) relative geographic isolation (until 20th century), and, in keeping with this, it was sparsely populated until the 20th Century c) prior independence (a separate republic), which is fostered in an attitude of intense state patriotism (we often think of ourselves as Texans first, and Americans second) d) part of the "old south" as well as being a frontier area (the "wild west") e) status as a former slave state, and the ramifications of our history of reluctance (along with other southern states) to grant citizenship rights to former slaves, as well as Hispanics f) diversity of population (see Impact of Population on Political Culture below)
Co-optation results from several factors:
a) those who serve in regulatory agencies tend to come from (and later return to) the regulated industry b) even the best intentioned regulators may develop personal ties to people associated with the regulated interest that make it difficult to remain independent c) once needed regulations are in place, public awareness of the regulated interest declines, making it easier for the industry involved to co-opt the regulators without public scrutiny.
3. What percentage of Texans say they are "in the middle" between conservative and liberal viewpoints? a. 25 percent b. 49 percent c. 37 percent d. 13 percent
a. 25 percent
15. Which describes a Mestizo? a. An individual of both Spanish and Native American lineage b. A descendant of European Spanish c. A ranchero d. Another name for a Native American
a. An individual of both Spanish and Native American lineage
58. Which statement more accurately describes Texas's involvement with the military? a. More Texans have historically volunteered for the military. b. Texas has had very little military volunteerism in the military. c. The state has not really experienced much growth associated with the military. d. The state has employed a limited number of civilian as well as service and contract workers.
a. More Texans have historically volunteered for the military.
______ was the chief economic product of Texas during the early twentieth century. a. Oil b. Steel c. Manufacturing d. Cotton e. Cattle
a. Oil
10. Which is a true statement about political participation due to Texas's political subculture? a. Participation in politics is not as highly regarded as in those states with a moralistic culture. b. Participation is seen as a duty for all citizens. c. Participation in politics is above the level of most states. d. Participation in politics is about the same in Texas as all other states.
a. Participation in politics is not as highly regarded as in those states with a moralistic culture.
In Texas, the _______ Party usually experiences higher voter turnout than the ______ Party does. a. Republican; Democratic b. Democratic; Republican c. Reform; Democratic d. Reform; Republican e. Independent; Democratic
a. Republican; Democratic
23. Which individual successfully overturned Roe v. Wade in 1973? a. Sarah Weddington b. Kay Bailey Hutchinson c. Minnie Fisher Cunningham d. Miriam Ferguson
a. Sarah Weddington
Republican have won every statewide election in Texas since 1994. a. True b. False
a. True
Texas instituted early voting in order to expand participation. a. True b. False
a. True
To register to vote in Texas, a person must have been a resident of Texas for at least 30 days. a. True b. False
a. True
28. Which individual was not one of the "Big Four" African Americans who shaped the civil rights struggle in the1950s and 1960s? a. Wiley Bishop b. Martin Luther King, Jr. c. Whitney Young d. Roy Wilkins
a. Wiley Bishop
The Texas economy diversified in the 1980s and 1990s with the rapid growth of __________ enterprises in the Austin and Dallas areas. a. high-tech b. industrial c. manufacturing d. construction
a. high-tech
The population of Texas has grown rapidly since the early 1990s for all of the following reasons except a. improved nutrition. b. the natural increase from the difference between births and deaths. c. international immigration. d. domestic migration.
a. improved nutrition.
45. Certain rights found in the Bill of Rights are rights that cannot be encroached upon by the states is known as the a. incorporation doctrine. b. Tenth Amendment. c. Fourteenth Amendment. d. new federalism.
a. incorporation doctrine.
Compared with the rest of the nation, the population of Texas a. is relatively young. b. has a similar median age. c. has higher percentages of both children and seniors. d. is relatively old.
a. is relatively young.
43. States serve as public policy a. laboratories. b. referendums. c. scapegoats for failed national policies. d. equals to that of the national government.
a. laboratories.
Which of the following would best characterize a traditionalistic individualistic political culture? a. low taxes and deference to business leaders b. high taxes and government run by elites c. encouragement of active participation in government d. government policies that promote traditional social morals e. government policies designed to benefit the political elite
a. low taxes and deference to business leaders
Which event occurred at Spindletop, Texas? a. oil was discovered b. the states worst race riots occurred c. the last battle for Texas independence was fought d. the states worst tornado disaster occurred e. the first free-range ranch in Texas was established
a. oil was discovered
The concept of __________________ emphasizes rural values and Jeffersonian notions of limited government. a. provincialism b. socialism c. agrarianism e. utopianism
a. provincialism
34. The obligations that the federal government imposes on state governments with little or no funding to help support the program defines a. unfunded mandates. b. categorical grants. d. earmarked grants.
a. unfunded mandates.
police powers
ability to regulate the health, safety, and morals of its citizens. States also define & regulate private property. Ex: dogs having to have rabies shots
Governor Rick Perry has a. refused to accept any federal stimulus funding from the Obama Administration. b. personally sued President Obama over the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010. c. rejected roughly half of federal funding offered to Texas. d. accepted over $14 billion in federal funding while criticizing the growing influence of Washington. e. worked with the Obama administration to increase federal funding to Texas
accepted over $14 billion in federal funding while criticizing the growing influence on Washington
Federal money for Medicare programs is...
accomplished by federal rules and regulations, which states must comply with to maintain federal funding of the programs
The Texas Office of State-Federal Relations lobbies the federal government for a. additional programs, more help with welfare, and federal funding for roads. b. relief from mandates, more funding for No Child Left Behind, and more programs. c. adjustments in funding to Texans' advantage and a larger share of income tax revenues from Texans. d. additional programs, relief from mandates, and adjustments in funding to our advantage. e. more funding for No Child Left Behind and welfare and social programs
additional programs, relief from mandates, and adjustments in funding to our advantage
compacts
agreements between states to deal w issues that cross state lines, such as environmental concerns & transportation systems. Ex: license, permits
In addition to sharing a common border, the United States and Mexico share a. air and water pollution, languages, and water rights throughout the border region. b. industrial development, education policy, and languages throughout the border region. c. population growth, birth, rates and common health problems along the border. d. air and water pollution, education policy, and languages throughout the border region. e. air and water pollution, industrial development, and population growth along the border
air and water pollution, industrial development, and population growth along the border.
50. The impact of the oil industry on Texas after 1986 is reflected by
all of the above
4. The Immigration Reform and Control Act of l986
all of the above.
55. Constitutions serve to
all of the above.
65. The judicial article of the Texas Constitution creates
all of the above.
73. The Texas Constitution of 1876 tends to
all of the above.
76. The federal relationship between the national and state governments reveals a shift of power from the states to the national government which is largely due to
all of the above.
77. Texans in Congress
all of the above.
When Texas joined the Confederate States of America, its new constitution did NOT a. forbid the freeing of slaves. b. require pledged support to the Confederacy. c. allow clergy to run for and hold office. d. establish Jim Crow laws protecting slavery. e. adhere to a confederation governmental system
allow clergy to run for and hold office
60. The Texas Constitution adopted in 1876 included provisions to do all of the following except
allow the legislature to set elected officials' salaries
One of the most significant changes in Mexican law resulting from the maquiladora program was a. the increased money spent in drug enforcement programs and drug interdiction. b. requiring Texans crossing the Mexican border to have a Mexican visa. c. allowing 100 percent foreign ownership of assembly plants in Mexico. d. decreasing the number of Mexican border patrol agents. e. allowing Mexican businessmen to own manufacturing plants in the United States.
allowing 100 percent foreign ownership of assembly plans In Mexico
The Motor Voter Act of 1993
allows citizens to register to vote while applying for a driver's license
25. The Texas Constitution has grown most through:
amendment.
Bill of Rights
at the time that the United States Constitution was written, most of the states had already incorporated a Bill of Rights into their constitutions. The purpose of a Bill of Rights is to list specific rights (liberties) that citizens have which government cannot take away. Among these are freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and freedom of the press.
The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in the case of United States v. Lopez that Congress had overreached its constitutional power concerning interstate commerce when it a. attempted to enact a federal tariff on the transport of natural gas between states. b. attempted to prevent the carrying of guns in school zones under the commerce clause. c. banned the sale of used assault weapons between citizens in different states. d. sought to regulate shipping along waterways shared by two or more states. e. attempted to ban the sale of alcohol in wet counties to citizens living in dry counties
attempted to prevent the carrying of guns in school zones under the commerce clause
Texas is the second largest state, consisting of approximately ________________ square miles. a. 167 million b. 267,000 c. 627,000 d. 950,000
b. 267,000
The Motor Voter Act of 1993 a. Allows states to offer voters "drive-thru" voting booths. b. Allows citizens to register to vote while applying for a driver's license. c. Restricts one's right to vote because of unpaid traffic tickets. d. Was declared unconstitutional by the Texas Supreme Court. e. Only allows citizens with a valid Texas driver's license to register to vote.
b. Allows citizens to register to vote while applying for a driver's license.
Which of the following economic sectors dominated Texas politics throughout the latter half of the twentieth century? a. Labor b. Business c. Environmental d. Consumer
b. Business
29. The first Texas sit-in to protest segregation was organized by which civil rights organization? a. NAACP b. CORE c. SCLC d. National Urban League
b. CORE
One effect of the high cost of campaigns in Texas is that a. Parties become more important in organizing and funding candidates. b. Candidates are often very wealthy individuals willing to use their own money in campaigns. c. Sometimes there is no one willing to run for major statewide office. d. Candidates increasingly turn to illegal sources of funds. e. Candidates drop out of high-profile races when the money dries up.
b. Candidates are often very wealthy individuals willing to use their own money in campaigns.
48. Which of the following is not true of the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA)? a. DOMA was enacted by the federal government in 1996. b. DOMA was fully endorsed by President Obama and the Judicial Department. c. DOMA allows states to reject marriages between members of the same sex that occurred in other states. d. DOMA is in direct conflict with the Full Faith and Credit Clause of the U.S. Constitution.
b. DOMA was fully endorsed by President Obama and the Judicial Department.
12. Which region of Texas is an extension of the old South? a. Gulf Coast b. East Texas c. South Texas d. German Hill Country
b. East Texas
38. Which law outlawed child labor, established a minimum wage, limited the workweek to 40 hours, and mandated overtime pay? a. American Recovery and Reinvestment Act b. Fair Labor Standards Act c. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act d. AMBER Alert Act
b. Fair Labor Standards Act
General elections for all national, state, and local offices must be held in November. a. True b. False
b. False
The Motor Voter law requires all voters to have a driver's license. a. True b. False
b. False
26. Which court case validated the exclusion of African Americans from the Texas Democratic primary? a. Nixon v. Herndon b. Govey v. Townsend c. NAACP v. Carson
b. Govey v. Townsend
The fastest growing ethnic group in Texas are a. Anglos. b. Hispanics. c. African Americans. d. Asian Americans.
b. Hispanics.
The two most important factors that determine whether someone voters are a. Age and income level. b. Income level and education. c. Education and ethnicity. d. Ethnicity and age. e. Age and education.
b. Income level and education.
5. According to Daniel Elazar which of the following distinct political subcultures does not exist in Texas? a. Traditionalistic b. Modernistic c. Individualistic d. Moralistic
b. Modernistic
Which of the following is not used by Daniel Elazar to describe state political cultures? a. Moralistic b. Monistic c. Individualistic d. Traditionalistic
b. Monistic
50. Which court case grants the accused the right to confront the witnesses against the accused? a. Aguilar v. Texas b. Pointer v. Texas c. Mapp v. Ohio d. Beck v. Ohio
b. Pointer v. Texas
1. Which of the following terms describes the dominant political values and beliefs in a nation or state? a. Conservative b. Political culture c. Ideology d. Liberalism
b. Political culture
_____________ took off as an industry after the Civil War, expanding throughout the state; by the twentieth century it become a cyclical industry, thriving during economic booms and struggling when international and national prices declined. a. Fishing b. Ranching c. Manufacturing d. Shipbuilding
b. Ranching
30. Which cases tested the practice of forcing vagrants or debtors to repay farmers by requiring them to work off debts and fines as labor on private farms? a. Felix Longoria case b. Raymondville Peonage cases c. Delgado v. Bastrop ISD d. Hernandez v. State of Texas
b. Raymondville Peonage cases
58. Which federal agencies work alongside Texas agencies complementing their economy? a. Border Patrol, Education, and Commerce b. Department of Defense, Border Patrol, and Agriculture c. Agriculture, Energy, and Health and Human Services d. Border Patrol, Education, and Department of Transportation
b. Texas has had very little military volunteerism in the military.
37. What is known as the "hidden tax" on the American people? a. The added cost of medical payments paid by the uninsured. b. The added cost to American families and employers of covering those who are uninsured. c. The added cost to the local government for providing free medical attention to the uninsured. d. The added cost to employers for providing insurance to their employees and their families.
b. The added cost to American families and employers of covering those who are uninsured.
When in Texas history did cattle become big business? a. during the Republic b. after the Civil War c. between the 1930s and the 1950s d. during Spanish rule e. during the period of Mexican rule
b. after the Civil War
An important effect of the oil and gas boom in Texas was the development of a new mentality to economic life in the state called a. comparative advantage. b. boom and bust. c. land fever. d. economic exploitation.
b. boom and bust.
Political culture is a term used to describe the a. amount of partisan bickering in a state. b. broadly shared values and beliefs about government. c. level of education and learning in a particular state. d. degree of public support for the arts. e. how liberal or conservative a state is.
b. broadly shared values and beliefs about government.
Technological change in Texas is best evidenced by the a. Civil Wars positive effect on the Texas economy. b. development of a high-tech industry after a slump in oil prices. c. continued reliance on oil production. d. continued reliance on ranching. e. boom and bust cycle of the oil industry.
b. development of a high-tech industry after a slump in oil prices.
The process of urbanization in Texas a. has had only a small influence on the state's economy and politics. b. is now nearly complete, as nearly 88 percent of Texans live in urban areas. c. began only in the last generation. d. bears no relationship to the suburbanization of the state.
b. is now nearly complete, as nearly 88 percent of Texans live in urban areas.
A defining characteristic of federalism is that a. state governments exist primarily to enact laws established by the national government. b. rather than being held exclusively or primarily by one body, governing authority is divided at different levels among several bodies. c. state governments can nullify the exercise of unpopular federal laws within their own states' boundaries. d. the federal government cannot pass any laws without the explicit consent of the majority of state governments. e. the federal government wields ultimate authority in all matters.
b. rather than being held exclusively or primarily by one body, governing authority is divided at different levels among several bodies.
In his famous landmark cases, Chief Justice John Marshall generally a. maintained that the powers of the state and federal governments were identical and inseparable. b. supported the authority of the federal government over that of state governments. c. held that no restraints could be placed on a government that derived its authority from the consent of the majority of its citizens. d. contended that the Supreme Court had no authority to adjudicate in interstate or intrastate affairs. e. enhanced the power of state governments over that of the federal government.
b. supported the authority of the federal government over that of state governments.
Congress gained the power to tax income through a. the Tenth Amendment. b. the Sixteenth Amendment. c. the Seventeenth Amendment. d. the New Deal.
b. the Sixteenth Amendment.
Money that is provided by the defendant to assure his or her appearance in court is referred to as_____
bail
4 regions of texas
basin & range great plains interior lowlands gulf coastal plains
Scholars believe that above all constitutions should a. be detailed documents so all office holders know what to do. b. provide specific instructions to the branches of government. c. contain restrictions to safeguard what they drafted into law. d. be concise and contain universal principles. e. have many amendments that fix specific problems
be concise and contain universal principles
Scholars believe that constitutions should a. be incredibly hard to change. b. be vague on general principles. c. be written in a restrictive fashion. d. not grant authority to specific constitutions. e. include specified detailed instructions.
be vague on general principles
21. The Republic of Texas:
became the 28th state of the U.S. in 1845.
Which of the following is not a requirement to vote in Texas?
being a resident of Texas for at least one year
4. A constitution provides for all of the functions except for:
being specific about the structure of executive branch.
According to the Tenth Amendment, any powers not delegated to the national government by the Constitution
belong to either the people or the state
According to the Tenth Amendment, any powers not delegated to the national government by the Constitution can be claimed by the national government as necessary. belong exclusively to the people. belong exclusively to the states. are denied to both the national government and the states. belong to either the people or the state.
belong to either the people or the state.
In modern-day Texas, control of state government
belongs to the Republicans.
Under the 1876 constitution, law making authority was vested in an elected a. congress with a total of 254 members. b. legislature with a combined membership of 151. c. bicameral legislature composed of 181 members. d. unicameral legislature with 140 members. e. unicameral legislature with 50 members
bicameral legislature composed of 181 members
Which of the following groups of crimes are considered second-degree felonies? (4)
bigamy, sexual assault, arson, and manslaughter
The current Texas Constitution is ridiculed by scholars as being a. burdened by excessive detail and obsolete and contradictory provisions. b. too hard to amend, consequently it is outdated in most aspects. c. too vague in outlining the separation of powers which exists in Texas. d. overly protective of the legislature at the expense of the judiciary branch. e. pompous and pretentious and overstating the importance of Texas within America.
burdened by excessive detail and obsolete and contradictory provisions
The maquiladora program has not resulted in the construction of a significant number of manufacturing plants on the Texas side of the border a. primarily as a result of opposition by American organized labor groups. b. as a result of narcotics-based violence and the unwillingness of companies to relocate there. c. and has been widely regarded as a failure by Texas politicians. d. and those that have been constructed are staffed by Mexicans. e. but has created thousands of support jobs in transportation, warehousing, and services
but has created thousands of support jobs in transportation, warehousing, and services
Partisan Polorization is the Process
by which political parties become more distant from each other in terms of ideology The degree to which members of the Republican Party have become more conservative, and the members of the Texas Democratic Party have become more liberal
39. The implied powers of the national government: A. are limited by the decisions of state governments. B. are delegated in Article II, Section 6. C. give elasticity to our constitutional system. D. restricts Congress from passing legislation that is not specifically delegated in the Constitution.
c
41. A constitutional power which both state and national governments may exercise in a particular area of jurisdiction is called:
concurrent powers.
51. Which power gives the U.S. Congress the authority to create rules for immigration and naturalization? a. Article VI b. Article I, Section 10 c. Article I, Section 8 d. Article 2, Section 8
c. Article I, Section 8
In Texas elections, the _________ play(s) the largest role in running campaigns. a. National party b. State party c. Candidates d. Media e. Local party
c. Candidates
______________ state political cultures originated in the middle states where individuals sought material wealth and personal freedom through commercial activities. a. Moralistic b. Monistic c. Individualistic d. Traditionalistic
c. Individualistic
Campaigns attempt to reach voters through all of the following EXCEPT a. Print and electronic media. b. Door-to-door campaigning. c. Involvement in high-profile litigation. d. Telephone solicitation. e. Mailed campaign fliers and information.
c. Involvement in high-profile litigation.
27. In 1956, Governor Allan Shivers declared which demonstration an "orderly protest" and sent the Texas Rangers to support the protestors? a. CORE b. SCLC c. Mansfield School Desegregation Incident d. Herman Sweatt Incident
c. Mansfield School Desegregation Incident
39. In what court case did the U.S. Supreme Court rule that the Fair Labor Standards Act violated the Tenth Amendment of the Constitution? a. Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority b. Fair Labor Standards Act c. National League of Cities v. Usery d. Unfunded Mandates
c. National League of Cities v. Usery
The _________________ Commission expanded its original mission and began regulating oil and gas production in 1917. a. Public Utilities b. Land c. Railroad d. Petroleum
c. Railroad
18. Which city advertises itself as the "Sheep and Wool Capital of the World"? a. Crystal City b. El Paso c. San Angelo d. San Antonio
c. San Angelo
40. Prior to the 1970s, the Fair Labor Standards Act did not include what entities from establishing a minimum wage, maximum hour, and overtime pay provisions? a. Federal and state governments c. State and local governments b. State and county governments d. Local and county governments
c. State and local governments
Which Supreme Court case in 1869 voted Texas's secession from the Union? a. Texas v. Perry b. Texas v. Wilson c. Texas v. White d. Texas v. Chase e. Texas v. Marshall
c. Texas v. White
16. Which of the following is not correct about modern South Texas? b. Spanish is the language of choice for commerce for many of the Anglo Americans there. c. The Rio Grande is now one of America's least ecologically endangered rivers. d. The Texas border region remains one of the poorest in the United States.
c. The Rio Grande is now one of America's least ecologically endangered rivers.
52. In their struggle for power, which institution has acted as an umpire between the national and state governments? a. The United States Congress b. The President of the United States c. The United States Supreme Court d. Federal bureaucracies
c. The United States Supreme Court
11. Which is not a correct statement about Texas, according to D.W. Meinig?
c. There is such a thing as a "typical" Texan.
2. Which is not a correct statement about social conservatives in Texas? a. They support government activity to enforce what they view as moral behavior and traditional cultural values. b. They support law enforcement, drug control, and immigration enforcement. c. They do not support the use of state power to restrict gambling. d. They support the use of state power to restrict pornography, abortion, and same-sex relationships.
c. They do not support the use of state power to restrict gambling.
8. Which of the following is not considered a belief of the traditionalistic political subculture? a. Government should help maintain accepted class distinctions. b. This subculture encourages the beliefs of the dominant religion. c. This subculture believes in public rather than personal solutions to problems. d. It views politics as the special preserve of the social and economic elite.
c. This subculture believes in public rather than personal solutions to problems.
9. According to Daniel Elazar, what is the subculture of Texas? a. Traditionalistic b. Individualistic c. Traditionalistic and individualistic d. Individualistic and moralistic
c. Traditionalistic and individualistic
60. Which federal agency works alongside the Texas Department of Agriculture to ensure that what people consume is safe and nutritious? a. U.S. Department of Commerce b. U.S. Department of Land Commission c. U.S. Department of Agriculture d. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
c. U.S. Department of Agriculture
Which statement concerning women's suffrage is correct? a. Women were given the right to vote in the original Constitution of 1876. b. The Texas Constitution was amended in 1899 to permit women to vote. c. Women were permitted to vote in all elections in Texas with the ratification of the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. d. Women were given full suffrage rights in Texas in 1932. e. Texas was the last state to allow women to vote.
c. Women were permitted to vote in all elections in Texas with the ratification of the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.
Historically, the economy of Fort Worth has been associated with what industry? a. shipping b. oil c. cattle d. cotton e. computer technology
c. cattle
One of the earliest cash crops in Texas was _______________ a. onions. b. citrus. c. cotton. d. rice.
c. cotton.
Which of the following styles of federalism characterized the immediate pre-Civil War era? a. creative federalism b. cooperative federalism c. dual federalism d. devolution e. new federalism
c. dual federalism
Dual federalism is also known as a. New Federalism. c. layer-cake federalism. d. marble-cake federalism. e. cooperative federalism.
c. layer-cake federalism.
31. Texas is the headquarters to the world's __________ industry? a. wind turbine b. coal c. petrochemical d. aeronautics
c. petrochemical
States often demonstrate a distinct _____________ that is the product of their entire history. a. ideology b. socialization c. political culture d. political economics
c. political culture
The economy of San Antonio rests on all of the following except a. tourism. b. national military bases. c. the high-tech industry. d. a large medical research complex. e. educational institutions.
c. the high-tech industry.
Which of the following does not reflect one of the historic characteristics that make up Texas political culture? a. provincialism b. preference for limited government c. the strong role of labor unions d. the dominance of the Democratic Party e. the dominance of business interests
c. the strong role of labor unions
political party
can be defined as electoral organizations seeking to control government. The political party is the one institution that aims to develop broad policy and leadership choices and then presents them to the voting public to accept or reject. This process gives citizens the opportunity, through elections, to influence how they will be governed.
Which is NOT a reason for forming a political action committee?
candidates are more likely to allow political-action committees to purchase media access during election season.
Name recognition often gives ______ a distinct advantage in Texas elections.
candidates.
The most serious felony is..
capital murder
74. Federalism reflects how power and responsibility
change and shift between the national and state governments.
A small group of legislators who did not want a new constitution in the 1970s and attempted to delay or obstruct the convention's work were labeled by Convention President Daniel as . a. killer bees b. slugs c. worms d. cockroaches e. fire ants
cockroaches
The three fundamental systems for structuring government are a. national, international, and transnational. b. confederation, federalism, and unitary. c. local, state, and national. d. local, regional, and global. e. democracy, autocracy, and oligarchy
confederation, federalism, and unitary
35. The government of the United States is legitimate because it:
conforms to certain constitutional requirements.
Though Presidents Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush used executive orders and administrative initiatives to augment the discretionary powers of the states, their efforts were somewhat offset by a. state legislatures opposing the extending reach of national government control. b. many state courts invalidating the executive orders. c. Congress enacting mandates and the federal courts ruling negatively on federal relations. d. the actions of several senators who withheld federal funding from both presidents' programs. e. governors working with their congressional delegations to discredit both presidents' programs
congress enacting mandates and the federal courts ruling negatively on federal relations
Growth of Republican party has been marked by the move of _______________ from the Democratic to the Republican party.
conservatives
reagan era in texas
conservatives have left democratic party to republican party
Ideal Constitutions
constitutions that set up the basic structure and functions of government, but allows the details of those structures and functions to be worked out by another entity, usually the legislature. An example of this type of constitution is that of the United States.
"hard money"
contributions that go directly to a candidate. These are easy to track (all candidates must, under state law, report direct contributions), and are usually limited.
"soft money"
contributions that go to political parties or PACs. These are very difficult to track and regulate.
virtually every area of public policy, governments must a. be autonomous, innovate, and coordinate. b. collaborate, cooperate, and innovate. c. coordinate, innovate, and be autonomous. d. collaborate, collude, and cooperate. e. coordinate, collaborate, and cooperate
coordinate, collaborate, and cooperate
26. The political situation in Texas prior to the drafting of the present Constitution was:
corrupt
50. An example of an implied power is the federal government's right to:
create a national bank.
Tea Party Movement
created after Barack Obama's election, a political movement that advocates lower government spending, lower taxes, and limited government
During the late 1820s and early 1830s, tensions between Anglos and the Mexican government often centered around conflicts over different a. legal systems, religions, and languages. b. cultures, religion, and economic interests. c. economic interests, languages, and cultures. d. cultures, legal systems, and economic interests. e. economic interests, legal systems, and religions
cultures, legal systems, and economic interests.
14. Due to its growth by migration from other regions and nations, Houston street signs can be seen in all of the following languages except a. Vietnamese. b. Chinese. c. English. d. German.
d. German.
Which of the following is not among the four distinct physical regions of the state of Texas? a. Coastal Plains b. Interior Lowlands c. Great Plains d. Great Plateau
d. Great Plateau
Which city in Texas currently has the largest population? a. El Paso b. San Antonio c. Austin d. Houston e. Dallas
d. Houston
The discovery of oil at _______________ in 1901 produced Texas's first oil boom. a. Baytown b. Humble c. Odessa-Permian d. Spindletop
d. Spindletop
33. Texas and its local government rank __________ when it comes to receiving federal dollars for the past decade. a. 44th b. 43rd c. 37th d. 3rd
d. 3rd
25. The KKK, a white supremacist organization, saw a threat to their values coming from which of the following groups? a. African Americans b. Latinos c. German-Americans d. All of the above are true.
d. All of the above are true.
35. What did President Bill Clinton's Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 allow the federal government to do? a. Get around the law. b. Take credit for legislation without funding. c. Obligate the states to implement certain policies. d. All of the above are true.
d. All of the above are true.
42. The AMBER Alert system is a good example of a a. state policy solution that was expanded nationwide. b. state's experiment with public policy. c. state successfully implementing a law enforcement tool. d. All of the above are true.
d. All of the above are true.
44. The Reconstruction Era was a period in which a. Radical Republicans in Congress took control of public policy. b. Radical Republicans in Congress enfranchised the recently freed male population and limited political and voting rights. c. Texas history witnessed the election of a number of African Americans to the state legislature. d. All of the above are true.
d. All of the above are true.
53. 1996, the federal government enacted the Defense of Marriage Act that some states believe a. violated the right of states to determine their own civil laws. b. allowed states to reject marriages that occurred in other states between members of the same gender. c. allowed Texas to outlaw gay marriage. d. All of the above are true.
d. All of the above are true.
55. Governor Perry's desire to eliminate some federal agencies is based on a. the idea that the federal government should be "reigned in." b. what he sees as government waste and duplication of efforts by states. c. his 2012 presidential campaign. d. All of the above are true.
d. All of the above are true.
56. What agencies did Governor Perry want to eliminate if he became president of the United States despite the fact that these agencies employ a large number of Texans? a. Department of Commerce b. Department of Education c. Department of Energy d. All of the above are true.
d. All of the above are true.
57. Customs and Border Protection has a priority of keeping a. terrorists out of the country. b. facilitating trade and travel while enforcing hundreds of regulations. c. illegal immigrants and illegal narcotics from entering the country. d. All of the above are true.
d. All of the above are true.
54. Legal scholars argue that Article IV, Section 1 of the U.S. Constitution requires states to recognize a. "the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state." b. the Full Faith and Credit Clause of the U.S. Constitution. c. that it contributes to the federalism question because it mandates that Texas recognizes the official documents and court rulings from other states. d. All of the above are true.
d. All of the above are true?
21. Which of the following groups supported Governor James Ferguson's impeachment? a. Politically power UT graduates b. Suffragists c. Anti-Corruption advocates d. All of these groups supported impeachment of Governor James Ferguson.
d. All of these groups supported impeachment of Governor James
6. Which of the following is not considered an aspect of the moralistic subculture? a. A concern with "right and wrong" in politics b. View of government as a positive force c. Politicians not profiting from their public service d. Association with more religious attitudes
d. Association with more religious attitudes
Officially, Texas has a a. Joint primary. b. Extended primary. c. Open primary. d. Closed primary. e. Jungle primary.
d. Closed primary.
Which two Texas metropolitan areas are national centers for the high-tech industry? a. Houston and El Paso b. Houston and San Antonio c. San Antonio and Waco d. Dallas and Austin
d. Dallas and Austin
46. The U.S. Supreme Court has interpreted the ______________ Amendment to extend many national constitutional guarantees to the states. a. Tenth b. Seventeenth c. Fifteenth d. Fourteenth
d. Fourteenth?
41. In what court case did the U.S. Supreme Court move the balance of power from the states to the national government, limiting the role of the Tenth Amendment and the powers reserved to the states? a. National League of Cities v. Usery c. Plessey v. Ferguson d. Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority
d. Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority
36. Which of the following is not a provision of the federal Patient Protection and Affordability Care Act (Health Care Reform)? a. An individual mandate that requires uninsured individuals to buy health insurance or pay a fine b. Provides for state exchanges through which individuals and small businesses may purchase insurance c. Those without employer-based health insurance may be eligible for federal subsidies. d. The Medicaid program will be reduced due to a reduced need.
d. The Medicaid program will be reduced due to a reduced need.
Which of the following statements is not a possible explanation for why Texas currently has low voter turnout? a. Texas has so many elections that voters are often overwhelmed with elections and candidates. b. The Texas political culture has been one in which elites have discouraged voting. c. The average age of Texans is younger than the national average, and younger voters are less likely to vote. d. The residency requirement for new voters is six months. e. Texas has weak political parties.
d. The residency requirement for new voters is six months.
______________ political culture developed in the South, reflecting the values of the slave plantation economy and its successor, the Jim Crow era. a. Moralistic b. Monistic c. Individualistic d. Traditionalistic
d. Traditionalistic
_________ was the first Republican to hold the office of Texas governor since the end of Reconstruction. a. Anne Richards b. George W. Bush c. Rick Perry d. William R. Clements e. Kay Bailey Hutchison
d. William R. Clements
32. Cap and trade is a proposed market-driven environmental policy that sets limits on the amount of pollution that industry can produce, and it is used by Texans to a. challenge the national government. b. develop alternative sources of energy. c. produce hazardous air pollutants. d. attract industry to invest in technology that will produce less pollution.
d. attract industry to invest in technology that will produce less pollution.
Compared with the rest of the nation, the effect of the Great Recession (2007-2010) on Texas has been a. much worse. b. about the same. c. similar to other high-tech states, but not as good as more industrial states. d. less severe.
d. less severe.
Which of the following technological breakthroughs did not help stimulate the cotton industry? a. newly designed plows b. barbed wire c. railroad expansion d. refrigerated storage units e. the cotton gin
d. refrigerated storage units
20. During the period of the Texas Republic, married women had all of the following rights except the right to a. control their own property. b. inherit property. c. share ownership of community property. d. serve on juries.
d. serve on juries.
Which of the following theories about the applicability of the Bill of Rights to the states can be said to have emerged victorious? a. the "Total Incorporation Plus" theory b. the "Total Incorporation" theory c. the "Partial Incorporation" theory d. the "Selective Incorporation" theory e. the "No Incorporation" theory
d. the "Selective Incorporation" theory
Texas is categorized as having a __________________ political culture. a. monistic-moralistic b. moralistic-individualistic c. moralistic-traditionalistic d. traditionalistic-individualistic
d. traditionalistic-individualistic
A constitution does NOT a. define the principles of a society. b. outline specific institutions the people will use. c. set limits on what each group can and cannot do. d. define who can hold private office. e. grant authority to specific institutions
define the principles of a society
partisan polarization
degree to which Republicans have become more conservative and Democrats have become more liberal -(means that it is increasingly difficult for politicians to compromise on important policy issues)
A systematic transfer of authority from the federal government to the states would be considered ________ in the United States. a. super nationalism b. evolution c. absolution d. devolution e. degeneration
devolution
What did "Bo" Pilgrim do in 1989?
distribute $10,000 checks to state senators .
43. What word best describes the social make-up of the Texas people?
diversity
18. Unitary systems:
do not have independent state governments.
Interest groups are often powerful in states...
dominated by one-party
In Plyler v. Doe, the Supreme Court held that Texas may not deny a free public education to the children of illegal aliens. How did the Court justify its decisions? a. The Court found that funding for schools came from both the state and federal governments and it was based on the number of students enrolled. b. Alienage is a suspect classification and Texas could not show it had a compelling interest. c. The Court held for the aliens on procedural grounds. d. Education is a fundamental right and Texas could not show that the statute was narrowly tailored. e. The statute lacked a rational basis.
e. The statute lacked a rational basis.
Provincialism is best defined as a. the belief that God will lead. b. the belief in limited government. c. the belief in the free market. d. the belief in the right to own private property. e. a narrow view of the world.
e. a narrow view of the world.
Political culture is a term used to describe the a. level of education and learning in a particular state. b. how liberal or conservative a state is. c. degree of public support for the arts. d. amount of partisan bickering in a state. e. broadly shared values and beliefs about government.
e. broadly shared values and beliefs
Which of the following requires state governments to spend their own money to meet standards imposed on them by the federal government? a. categorical grants c. program grants d. formula grants e. unfunded mandates
e. unfunded mandates
For eligible participants, the Social Security Act of 1935 instituted all of the following EXCEPT a. aid for impoverished elderly persons. b. unemployment insurance for the unemployed. c. a national retirement pension for the elderly. d. aid for the blind and disabled. e. universal health care for all Americans.
e. universal health care for all Americans.
Unwittingly, the constitutional drafters in 1875 created a legislative body that was a. initially full time in work but part time in pay. b. easily influenced by special interest groups. c. very slow to respond to changes in modern Texas. d. much more powerful than anticipated. e. so bogged down by procedure that legislation rarely passed
easily influenced by special interest groups
6. In economic policy, the basic principle underlying conservatism is
economic laissez-faire.
The two most important factors that determine whether someone votes are
education and income.
The Texas Constitution requires a(an) public school system. a. efficient b. low-cost c. effective d. academically rigorous e. self-sustaining
efficient
The Constitution of 1876 was essentially an antigovernment charter and so did NOT a. put a short leash on the courts. b. replace centralization with more local control. c. empower the governor. d. place strict limits on taxation. e. limit the power of the legislature
empower the governer
12. The moralistic subculture
encourages government involvement in social and economic issues
Article V of the Texas Constitution
establishes the judicial branch. This is extremely confusing! Distinct features include: 1) six different types of courts including two supreme courts 2) each level of trial courts has concurrent, or overlapping, jurisdiction 3) qualifications are such that no legal training is required for some positions (not required to have a degree in law) 4) all judges in Texas are elected
Grants of power
even though it provides power to the government, strictly defining the powers of government, in theory, limits government power because those are the only powers that government has.
comity clause
ex: speeding tickets property taxes
The state __________________ serves to accept filing by candidates for statewide office, help raise funds for the party, and establish party policy.
executive committee
Crop-lien system
extend credit to farmers in exchange for liens on their crops. The result trapped farmers in a debt cycle.
The U.S. Constitution provides for the return of a person accused of a crime to the state in which the crime was committed. This process between the states is called a. extradition. b. exposition. c. inquisition. d. a change of venue. e. interdiction
extradition
22. The Texas Constitutional Convention of 1974:
failed to agree on a proposed constitution.
Essentially, there are five basic agents of political socialization:
family, peers, schools, churches, and the media.
Given the budget structure and constitutional limitations upon spending and taxing, legislators seeking to balance the budget are left with...
few choices as to how to balance the budget
The Governor of Texas has...
few formal powers, so the office is one of the weakest chief executives in the United States
According to the text, in the area concerning constitutional revision, a. most people are attentive to details. b. few people are attentive to details. c. it is easy for the average person to understand. d. citizens are very involved in constitutional debate. e. some people pay close attention to details.
few people are attentive to details
The Libertarian Party can be considered
fiscal conservatives and social liberals
Article 16 of the Texas Constitution, as amended in 1997:
forbids consumers from using home-equity loans for credit that exceeds 80 percent of the mortgage. This probably provided a cushion against the credit crunch during the recession.
Texas requires parties that did not get 5% of the vote in a previous statewide race to do all of the following EXCEPT?
form 3rd parties in the spring of the election years and complete the intent form
One important way for interest groups gain access to those in Texas Government is to employ____ as lobbyist
former legislators and government officials
One important way for interest groups to gain access to those in Texas government is to employ ______ as lobbyists.
former officals.
implied powers
found at end of sec. 8. Grants congress right "to make all laws which shall be necessary & proper for carrying into execution"
18. Recent population shifts in Texas have been
from rural to urban, from large cities to suburbs
The three main issues that have shaped education policy in Texas during the last fifty years are
funding, desegregation, and educational excellence
grants-in-aid (categorical grants)
funds provided by fed gov to state or local gov for specific purpose
Reasons that interest groups are useful to politicians?
gain info on their special concerns, provide campaign funds,help raise money from its membership for a candidate,supply votes to the policy maker.
Political interest groups
groups that try to influence public policy to the advantage of the members of the group.
Business & Agricultural Groups:
groups with a direct economic interest in governmental actions. Support policies that favor development of business, low taxes for benefits, low governmental interference in business activity
Texas' influence in national affairs:
has Grown in the 20th Century
24. Texas' influence in national affairs
has grown in the 20th century.
Individuals are most likely to successfully lobby government when they
have a persistent, well-rounded argument and when tragedies happen and are able to use as advantage.
. What best characterizes the role of Governor Dolph Briscoe in the Constitutional Convention of 1974? a. He refused to exercise leadership and provided little input to the convention. b. To the surprise of many he supported proposals to limit the power of the governor. c. He provided strong leadership though his efforts were derailed by opponents in the legislature. d. Due to medical illness, Briscoe played a minimal role though was supportive of efforts at reform. e. Briscoe was opposed to reform and threatened to veto any attempt to amend the constitution
he refused to exercise leadership and provided little input to the convention
General elections
held in even numbered years on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November to choose state and national executives and legislators, and state judges. General elections are run by the state governments (each state runs its own election). That is why it is often said that even though we may be voting nationally, we are still having 50 separate elections.
School history texts, the celebration of key events and the development of a mythology of the independence period keep Texas's alive. a. traditional culture b. religious attitudes c. hierarchical structure d. educational system e. historical uniqueness
historical uniquness
Classical liberalism
places the primary political value on political arrangements that allow for the fullest exercise of individual liberty as long as the liberties of others are not unreasonably restricted. Classical liberal ideas often form the basis for opposition to the use of government to attain social objectives. They stress instead reliance on private initiatives or the free market to determine the best outcomes
A private group that raises and distributes funds for use in election campaigns is called a(n)..
political action committee
Occupy movement
political movement aimed at limiting the influence of wall street and bug corporations in American politics. Created following government bailouts in 2008
9. The acquiring of political values and beliefs from family and institutions is through a process called
political socialization
Labor Groups:
press for policies to improve working conditions and ensure better pay and benefits for their members. Although labor unions were highly influential in the 1930s, 40s and 50s, their strength and political power have waned in the last several decades. Today, members of labor make up only 12.4% of the labor force- people over the age of 16 who are working.
The Texas Constitution was written to
prevent the expansion of governmental authority and the return of a system of political power that was perceived as acting against the interest of the people.
open primary
primary election in which any registered voter can participate in the contest, regardless of party affiliation
closed primary
primary election in which only registered members of particular political party can vote
preemption
principle that allows federal gov to override state/local actions in certain policy areas
Voting Rights Act of 1965
prohibited any government from using voting procedures that denied a person the right to vote on the basis of race or color.
A ________ grant requires a state or local government to submit an application for funds. a. matching funds b. formula c. primary d. federal e. project
project
Money supplied by the federal government as a categorical grant-in-aid is divided into two categories ________ grants. a. matching and block b. project and formula c. state and local d. primary and secondary e. federal and non-federal
project and formula
how does congress influence states to enact laws?
promising federal funds to do so, or threaten to withdraw funds if they do not.
For which type of offense are Texas prison inmates least likely to be imprisoned?
property
laws states control over citizens
property law civil law criminal law
3. In the Texas constitution, the Bill of Rights
protects many rights also protected in the United States Constitution.
Legislation passed in 2011 now requires Texas to
provide photo identification when voting
15. State obligations to federal government are all the following except:
provide security for states
What is the function of EMILY's List?
provides early campaign contributions to female candidates.
A defining characteristic of federalism is that - rather than being held exclusively or primarily by one body, governing authority is divided at different levels among several bodies. - the federal government wields ultimate authority in all matters. - state governments can nullify the exercise of unpopular federal laws within their own states' boundaries. - state governments exist primarily to enact laws established by the national government. - the federal government cannot pass any laws without the explicit consent of the majority of state governments.
rather than being held exclusively or primarily by one body, governing authority is divided at different levels among several bodies.
11. The goal of new federalism is to:
reduce the restrictions attached to federal grants.
40. The concept of horizontal federalism deals with:
relationships between state governments.
Public Interest Group:
represent interests of those whose concerns are not addressed by traditional lobbies. They claim to represent the broad interests of society as a whole.While economic groups seek direct material benefits for their members, public interest groups seek benefits that are less tangible and more broadly shared.
31. In 1876 after Democrats regained control of the state government, a constitution was adopted that
represented a return to the traditional principles of the Jeffersonian Democrats and the limited government.
Which of the following is NOT a requirement to vote in Texas?
requirements are - 18 yrs old, U.S. citizen, resident of Texas for 30 days, resident of the county for 30 days.
The Motor Voter Act of 1993
requires that states allow ppl to register to vote when applying for drivers license.
Which of the following does the Texas Board of Pardons and Paroles handle? (4)
revocation, conditions, decisions on which prisoners are due to release on parole, recommendations on clemency to the governor
unfunded mandates
rules forcing states to spend their own money to comply w federal law
Know the typical threat to an incumbent running for reelection.
scandal and redistricitng
62. In the United States, checks and balances allow each branch of government to limit the other branches and in so doing support the principle of
separation of powers.
The conditions in hundreds of colonias on the Texas side of the border have contributed to ________ due to poor sewage systems and lack of quality water. a. them having highest death rates in Texas b. severe health problems including hepatitis c. them having the highest death rates in the country d. them receiving the most funding in the state for infrastructure development e. several plagues and epidemics that have broken out in South Texas
sever health problems including hepatits
8. In a federal political system power is:
shared between the central government and constituent governments.
75. A series of assistance programs called the New Deal illustrate a
shift in attitude that favors a national solution to local problems.
White-only primaries
since you must be a member of a party group to participate in a primary, the political parties were able to control who was on the ballots during the primaries, as well as who could vote in the primaries. The net affect was that when it came time to vote in the general election, only white candidates were on the ballots.
The system of allocating representatives to Congress and the Texas legislature by individual districts, rather than by allocating votes proportionally, is referred to as
singe-member district.
3. The first African-Americans to come to Texas were:
slaves of Spanish explorers.
Justice of the peace courts handle which kind of disputes?
small claims
In Modern-day Texas, control of the state government lies
solely in the hands of the Republicans
In Modern-day Texas, control of the state government lies...
solely in the hands of the Republicans
Interest
something that has value and is considered worth defending, whether it is economic, religious, ethnic, racial or anything else
Black Codes
sought to restrict the rights of former slaves. Came about between 1865-1868.
Most official proceedings concerning our daily lives come from ________ governments. a. state and local b. regional and county c. national and state d. state and regional e. national and local
state and local
In Texas, the highest level of temporary party organization is the
state convention
The scandals and abuses of the Texas prison system led to the creation of a...
state prison board
78. The concept of devolution is consistent with the belief that
states should be free to work out solutions to their own problems.
Courts that can review matters relating to the disposition of property of deceased persons are referred to as what?
statutory probate courts
By the late 1960s, de facto segregation was..
still a problem in urban public schools with a large minority population
goals of constitution 1876
strong popular control of government (voters) powers were to be limited restrain spending promote agriculture interests
10. Individuals who are from different regions of the country or within a state will likely have different political values. This illustrates the existence of a variety of different political
subcultures
Major statewide officials are elected in nonpresidential election years because
such a system prevents popular presidential candidates from influencing state elections
The ________ clause of the U.S. Constitution implies that when there is a power struggle between the federal government and a state government, the federal government triumphs. a. nationalization b. equalization c. supremacy d. hegemony e. subservience
supremacy
The ability to ________ is a concurrent power shared by the national and state governments. a. coin money b. declare war c. tax d. regulate interstate commerce e. raise an army
tax
Which amendment was commonly referred to as the States' Rights Amendment?
tenth
Among the most important findings of the 1983 report were that...
test scores were declining and functional illiteracy was increasing
According to the text, a major factor in illegal immigration is a. the failure of the U.S. economy. b. the attractive employment opportunities south of the border. c. the political stability in Central America. d. that it was legal to hire an illegal alien until 1986. e. that Cubans can become legal as soon as they set foot on U.S. soil.
that it was legal to hire an illegal alien until 1986
In May 2014, the UT System Board of Regents decided on all of the following EXCEPT
that the Board allocate monies to other Texas schools from the Available University Fund
Which of the following theories about the applicability of the Bill of Rights to the states can be said to have emerged victorious?
the "Selective Incorporation" theory
In 1990, Congress passed ________, which requires governments to make extensive and costly changes in public facilities. a. Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) b. Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) c. the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) d. the Earned Income Tax Credit (ETIC) e. the Public Housing Assistance Act (PHAA
the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
28. Mexico finally relinquished its claim to Texas at the conclusion of the
the Mexican War with the U.S.
The Democratic Party in the state shrank to become the minority party when
the Reagan Revolution reached Texas.
Under the Gilmer-Akins Laws...
the State Board of Education was established and became the policy-making body for public education in Texas
Which movement has had the largest impact on state legislative races in recent years?
the Tea Party movement
Denials of power
the U.S. Constitution also has specific denials of power. The government cannot suspend the right of habeas corpus (produce the body) except during wartime. This is an important legal concept that forces governments to explain the reason they are detaining people in jail. Without this governments would be free to arrest and detain people with little or no reason.
Which of the following is NOT a controversy that has led to the questioning of the integrity of the Texas criminal justice system?
the University of Texas corruption scandal
moralistic political culture
the belief that government should be active in promoting the public good and that citizens should participate in politics and civic activities to ensure that good
traditionalistic political culture
the belief that government should be dominated by political elites and guided by tradition
individualistic political culture
the belief that government should limit its role to providing order in society, so that citizens can pursue their economic self-interests
The term creative destruction refers to the process by which
the capitalist system undergoes periodic waves of transformation caused by new technologies.
political economy
the complex interrelations between politics and the economy, as well as their effect on one another
Which of the seven Texas constitutions was used for the shortest period of time? a. the Constitution of 1836 b. the Constitution of 1845 c. the Constitution of 1861 d. the Constitution of 1866 e. the Constitution of 1869
the constitution of 1866
county chair
the county party official who heads the county executive committee
Which court in Texas has automatic jurisdiction over all death penalty cases?
the court of criminal appeals
In 1850, the Constitution of 1845 was amended to allow for a. the creation of a bicameral legislature. b. the legalization of slavery. c. the establishment of a plural executive. d. the citizenry to be allowed to rejoin with Mexico through referendum if sought. e. women's suffrage
the establishment of a plural excecutive
General elections are held
the first Tuesday following the first Monday in November of even-numbered years.
Texas has a well earned reputation for uniqueness due to:
the intense state patriotism for Texans.
39. Texas has a well-earned reputation for uniqueness due to
the intense state patriotism of Texans.
According to a recent increase in campaign contributions, limitations, a judge must recuse them selfs from a case in situations in which..
the judge receives campaign contributions from a party to a lawsuit
71. A constitutional amendment adopted in 1972 authorized _____ to convene itself as a constitutional convention.
the legislature
Which principle of government is the key to understanding the drafting of the Texas Constitution of 1876?
the necessity of strong limitations on the authority of state officials
What resulted from the policies pursued by President Lyndon Johnson in his Great Society programs? a. The federal government gradually devolved greater authority to the states concerning spending of federal funding. b. The number of federal grant programs and funding increased significantly as did the federal share of state and local budgets. c. The federal government became responsible for funding 80 percent of major intrastate infrastructure projects. d. Following increasing interference by the federal government in the affairs of states, the Supreme Court enacted measures to roll back the national government. e. State and local governments increasingly became dominated by the national government in budgetary and taxation matters
the number of federal grant programs and funding increased significantly as did the federal share of state and local budgets
Duverger's Law states that
the observation that in a single-member district system of electing rep., a 2 party sys. will emerge.
16. The term enumerated powers refers to:
the powers specifically granted to the federal government by the Constitution
Negative campaigning
the practice of using personal attacks on candidates by their opponents. Harmful to democracy for four reasons: 1) some elections are being decided on the basis of inaccurate or irrelevant charges 2) discussions of public policy are being pushed aside 3) many good people may not enter public life for fear of being publicly humiliated 4) citizens are disheartened and thus more apt to stay home on election day
In Texas, why were primary elections more important than general elections during most of the twentieth century?
the primary election was open to more voters than the general election
9. A major reason for the development of cooperative federalism was:
the public expectation for action concerning the disastrous state of the economy.
early registration
the requirement that a voter register long before the general election; in effect in TX until 1971
Early Registration
the requirement that a voter register long before the general election; in effect in Texas until 1971 more than 9 months prior to general election effectively prevented migrant workers from voting
Oil and natural gas production has played an increasingly important role in the state's finances due to:
the severance tax.
23. An enduring contribution of the Native American population to Texas' culture, government and politics is
the state's name
Which of the following did NOT characterize politics during the time of the framing of the Texas Constitution of 1876? a. There were low levels of class and economic conflict. b. This period saw the emergence of the Greenback Party. c. This period saw the emergence of the Populist political parties. d. Politics were eventually dominated by moneyed business interests. e. Political wrath was directed at railroads and banks
there were low levels of class and economic conflict
Statutory Constitutions
these are constitutions that go into considerable length to specify what government can and cannot do. It can be very detailed and can actually spell out what would be considered laws within its body. This is essentially what the current constitution of Texas is.
Which election does not have a primary
these do:: presidential, run-off, and general special elections do not have a primary
literacy tests
these were exams to determine if you were qualified to vote, at least from an intellectual point of view. The interesting thing to note from these was that they were not required for white people, who were already considered sufficiently intelligent to vote.
Why have many Texas state agencies and communities resisted accepting federal funding? a. They are wary of the "strings" attached to federal grant programs. b. Many communities place local pride over immediate need. c. The accepting of money entails the acceptance of federal superiority, which few are willing to do. d. The political culture in Texas is based on total independence from the federal government. e. These agencies and communities wish to assert their belief and dedication to states' rights
they are wary of the "strings" attached to federal grant programs
Checks and balances
this concept was created by Madison himself as a way to further control the power of the government. Essentially what it does is create an intricate relationship between the three branches where no one branch can fully function without a check on it by another branch
Federalism
this further provides a limiting factor on government in the United States by creating a system of government in which the governing powers are shared by the national government and each of the states' governments.
38. The population increase Texas experienced from 1980 to 1990 entitled the state to
three additional seats in the U.S. House of Representatives.
How do campaigns attempt to reach voters?
through print and electronic media, mail, door-to-door campaigning, speeches to large and small groups, coffee hours, and telephone solicitation
What are the benefits an interest group has over private citizens?
time, money, expertise, and continuity.
In addition to calling for the consolidation of categorical grants, President Nixon proposed replacing these programs with revenue sharing a. to make the states more responsible for federal policy. b. to take state income tax money and put it into a shared pot. c. to allow recipients to use the money as they saw fit. d. to make sure income tax money was split evenly. e. to divide up funds with other state governments
to allow recipients to use the money as they saw fit
President Carter, a former governor of Georgia, attempted a. to expand the federal government's role to assist local governments. b. to reduce federal assistance role to local governments. c. to redirect funds to counties with new policy initiatives. d. little planning and consultation with local officials. e. to limit project funding to local governments
to expand the federal government's role to assist local gov.
What is the primary task of the Texas secretary of state?
to handle elections and voter registration
What is the most important function of the Texas governor's staff?
to keep governor informed about problems and issues
What is the purpose of a primary election?
to select a party's candidate for the general election
What is the purpose of a primary election?
to select a party's candidate for the general election.
Categorical grants-in-aid have been used over the past fifty years a. as a way to encourage states to develop autonomy. b. to limit the autonomy of state governments. c. to fund 90 percent of social programs in states. d. to shape and implement domestic programs. e. as a way to control state economies by the national government
to shape and implement domestic programs
state chair and vice chair
top two state-level leaders in the party
According to Daniel Elazar, the political culture in Texas is
traditionalistic and individualistic
16. According to Daniel Elazar, the political culture of Texas is
traditionalistic because of the influence of the Old South
7. Texas has a political culture that is best described as
traditionalistic/individualistic
what is Texas's political culture?
traditonalistic/individualistic mix -low taxes & social service provision -business interests dominate policy
The period after the constitution of 1866 was invalidated and when Texas came under a military government, a. transformed Texas's constitutional tradition into one of hostility and suspicion towards government. b. saw the rise of a Mexican secession movement in the Southern and Western regions of the state. c. saw widespread arrests of suspected neo-Confederates and the institution of street executions. d. saw the citizens of Texas treated far harsher than those in any other former Confederate state. e. was full of revolts against the national government as Texans grew critical of Washington D.C.
transformed Texas's constitutional tradition into one of hostility and suspicion towards gov.
The problems and interests that Texas and Mexico share are called a. international regionalism. b. transnational regionalism. c. transectional globalism. d. maquiladora globalism. e. maquiladora regionalism
transnational regionalism
Campaign resources
two primary resources: people and money. People are comprised of professionals and volunteers. Professionals plan, organize, manage, write speeches, and raise money. Volunteers distribute literature, register and canvass voters, and get supporters to the polls.
The United States has one final court of last resort, the Supreme Court. Texas has a. only one, the Texas Supreme Court. b. two, the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals and the Texas Supreme Court. c. two, the Texas Court of Civil Appeals and the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals. d. three, numbered according to the district they service. e. none, the last court of appeals is the U.S. Supreme Court
two, the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals and the Texas Supreme Court
Which of the following requires state governments to spend their own money to meet standards imposed on them by the federal government?
unfunded mandates
The National Research University Fund was established through a constitutional amendment to provide a source of funding for...
universities seeking to achieve national prominence as research institutions
49. The migration of people from rural regions to growing cities is called
urbanization
Special elections ___________ and ____________
used to fill vacancies in office, give approval to borrow money, or to ratify amendments to the Texas Constitution
cooperative federalism (marble cake)
various levels of gov work together to solve policy problems.
Municipal courts have jurisdiction over...
violation of city ordinance
In 1835, Santa Anna a. voided the Constitution of 1824 and adopted a new one. b. outlawed the importation of slaves into Texas. c. issued a decree banning future Anglo settlement east of the Sabine River. d. expanded the powers of the Mexican Congress and local governments. e. detained Anglo settlers who entered Texas illegally.
voided the constitution of 1824 and adopted a new one
