Unit 10: Periodic Table and Compounds
ionic compounds
solids that typically melt at high temperatures and boil at even higher temperatures; not electrically conductive as a solid
monatomic ions
ions formed from only one atom
polyatomic ions
ions that are made of more than one atom
-ite
less oxygen
hypo-
less oxygen than -ite
-ate
more oxygen
per-
more oxygen than -ate
oxyanions
polyatomic ions that contain one or more oxygen atoms
pnictogens
group 15
chalcogens
group 16
halogens
group 17
noble gases
group 18
alkaline earth metals
group 2
transition metals
groups 3-12
What is the formula of a compound containing Al³⁺ and S²⁻ ions? A) Al₂S₃ B) Al₂S C) AlS₃ D) Al₃S₂
A) Al₂S₃
Which of the following compounds exhibits both ionic and covalent bonding? A) CaSO₃ B) SO₃ C) S₃Cl₂ D) CoS
A) CaSO₃
Classify the following compounds as ionic or covalent: OF₂, CuO, SeO₂. A) Covalent, ionic, covalent. B) Ionic, covalent, ionic. C) Covalent, covalent, ionic. D) Ionic, ionic, covalent.
A) Covalent, ionic, covalent.
What is the formula of the ionic compound containing Cu²⁺ and Cl⁻ ions? A) CuCl₂ B) CuCl C) Cu₂Cl D) Cu₂Cl₃
A) CuCl₂
What is the formula for an ionic compound containing Mg²⁺ ions and N³⁻ ions? A) Mg₃N₂ B) MgN₂ C) Mg₂N₃ D) MgN E) MgN₃
A) Mg₃N₂
Which of the following elements is NOT a metal? A) arsenic B) indium C) iridium D) lithium E) lutetium
A) arsenic
Which of the following is an alkaline earth metal? A) Rubidium B) Beryllium C) Iridium D) Americium E) Phosphorous
B) Beryllium
Classify the following compounds as ionic or covalent: KCl, CrCl₃, Cl₂O. A) Ionic, covalent, covalent. B) Ionic, ionic, covalent. C) Covalent, covalent, ionic. D) Ionic, covalent, ionic.
B) Ionic, ionic, covalent.
What is the formula of a compound containing K⁺ and O²⁻ ions? A) KO B) K₂O C) K₂O₂ D) K₂O4
B) K₂O
Which of the following is best classified as a covalent compound? A) Sr₃N₂ B) N₂O₅ C) Li₃N D) AlN
B) N₂O₅
Which of the following is most likely to make a -3 ion? A) Al B) P C) Be D) Se E) Bi
B) P
What is the atomic symbol for the element in Group 5A (15) and the fifth period? A) As B) Sb C) Sn D) Te E) Bi
B) Sb
What is the formula for an ionic compound containing Sc³⁺ and O²⁻ ions? A) Sc₂O B) Sc₂O₃ C) ScO₃ D) ScO₂
B) Sc₂O₃
Which of the following is a transition metal? A) Strontium B) Silver C) Sulfur D) Samarium E) Sodium
B) Silver
Which of the following elements would be chemically similar to calcium (Ca)? A) K B) Sr C) Sc D) S E) Ga
B) Sr
What is the formula for an ionic compound containing Ba²⁺ ions and Cl⁻ ions? A) BaCl B) Ba₂Cl C) BaCl₂ D) BaCl₃ E) Ba₃Cl
C) BaCl₂
Which of the following compounds exhibits both ionic and covalent bonding? A) Cl₂O₇ B) KCl C) KNO₃ D) N₂O₄
C) KNO₃
Which of the following is a molecular compound? A) P₄ B) BaBr₂ C) N₂O D) CaO E) Ag
C) N₂O
Which of the following is best classified as an ionic compound? A) S₄N₄ B) SO₃ C) ZnS D) S₂F₁₀
C) ZnS
Carbon dioxide is a _____ compound composed two types of _____ atoms. A) molecular; metal B) ionic; metalloid C) molecular; nonmetal D) ionic; metal
C) molecular; nonmetal
The halogens are found in Group ____ A) 1A (1) B) 2A (2) C) 6A (16) D) 7A (17) E) 8A (18)
D) 7A (17)
What is the formula for an ionic compound containing Ag⁺ and S²⁻ ions? A) Ag₂S₂ B) AgS₂ C) AgS D) Ag₂S
D) Ag₂S
What is the formula of a compound containing Ba²⁺ and N³⁻ ions? A) Ba₂N₃ B) Ba₃N C) BaN₃ D) Ba₃N₂
D) Ba₃N₂
What group (G) and period (P) does the element molybdenum (Mo) belong to? A) G = 5, P = 6 B) G = 6, P = 6 C) G = 6, P = 4 D) G = 6, P = 5 E) G = 5, P = 5
D) G = 6, P = 5
Columns on the periodic table are known as A) Periods B) Halogens C) Metals D) Groups E) Metalloids
D) Groups
Classify the following compounds as ionic or covalent: BaO, Fe₂O₃, ZnO. A) Covalent, covalent, covalent. B) Ionic, ionic, covalent. C) Ionic, covalent, covalent. D) Ionic, Ionic, Ionic.
D) Ionic, Ionic, Ionic.
Which of the following elements would be chemically similar to selenium (Se)? A) Br B) Sc C) As D) S E) Ca
D) S
Which is true about one formula unit of CaBr₂? A) There is one 1 Ca atom and 1 Br₂ molecule. B) There is one CaBr₂ molecule. C) There is 1 Ca atom and 2 Br atoms. D) There is 1 positive Ca ion and 2 negative Br ions. E) There is 1 positive Ca ion and 1 negative Br ion.
D) There is 1 positive Ca ion and 2 negative Br ions.
Which of the following element pairs would be most likely to form an ionic compound? A) hydrogen; carbon B) nitrogen; oxygen C) oxygen; carbon D) calcium; carbon E) sodium; potassium
D) calcium; carbon
Which of the following is a main group element? A) Yttrium B) Osmium C) Holmium D) Californium E) Bismuth
E) Bismuth
Based on the positions of the following elements on the periodic table, which of them would you expect to form a 3+ cation? A) scandium B) aluminum C) phosphorus D) calcium E) Both A and B
E) Both A and B
Which of the following is a halogen? A) Sodium B) Copper C) Neodymium D) Selenium E) Iodine
E) Iodine
Which of the following is most likely to form a +2 ion? A) K B) Sc C) Al D) O E) Mg
E) Mg
What is the atomic symbol for the element in Group 4B (4) and the fourth period? A) Sc B) V C) Zr D) Hf E) Ti
E) Ti
molecular compounds
covalent compounds; often exist as gases, low-boiling liquids, and low-melting solids; usually a combination of nonmetals
main-group elements
elements in groups 1-2, 13-18; s and p-block elements
alkali metals
group 1
periodic law
the properties of the elements are periodic functions pf their atomic numbers
how do nonmetal main-group elements become a noble gas?
they usually gain some electrons
how do main group metals become a noble gas?
they usually lose an electron or two
nonmetals
elements that are dull and poor conductors of heat and electricity
metals
elements that are shiny, malleable, good conductors of heat and electricity
metalloids
elements that conduct heat and electricity moderately well and posses some properties of metals and some of nonmetals
