Unit 13 Review
The first psychological therapy was introduced by
Sigmund Freud
Which of the following procedures has typically resulted in patients becoming permanently lethargic?
a lobotomy
An important feature of client-centered therapy is
active listening
Melissa suffers from auditory hallucinations and falsely believes that her former high school teachers are trying to kill her. Melissa's symptoms are most likely to be relieved by ________ drugs.
antipsychotic
Aversive conditioning involves
associating unwanted behaviors with unpleasant experiences
To help Claire quit smoking, a therapist delivers an electric shock to her arm each time she smokes a cigarette. The therapist is using
aversive conditioning
Ron is a 22-year-old mechanic who suffers from claustrophobia. The most effective way to treat Ron's problem would involve ____________ therapy.
behavior
Reinforcing desired behaviors and withholding reinforcement for undesired behaviors is most central to the process of
behavior modification
Mental health therapies that involve prescribed drugs or other procedures that act directly on a patient's nervous system are
biomedical therapies
Psychologist with expertise in research, the assessment of psychological disorders, and the practice of psychotherapy are typically
clinical psychologists
In an effort to reduce his daughter's fear of the dark, Mr. Chew would hug and gently rock her immediately after turning off the lights at bedtime. Mr. Chew's strategy best illustrates the technique of
counter conditioning
Psychopharmacology involves the study of how
drugs affect mind and behavior
Repeatedly introducing people to things they fear and avoid is most characteristic of
exposure therapies
The psychoanalytic and humanistic therapies are often referred to as
insight therapies
Unpleasant withdrawal symptoms following the discontinued use of an antianxiety drug are indicative of
physiological dependence
Helping people gain insight into the unconscious origins of their disorder is a central aim of
psychoanalysis
Psychological disorders that researchers believe are learned, such as phobias, are most likely to be treated with
psychotherapy
Psychoanalysts would suggest that resistance during therapy supports and maintains the process of
repression
What do psychologists call personal strengths that help people cope with stress?
resilience
Students who receive unusually low scores on their first psychology test can reasonably anticipate ___________ scores on their second psychology test.
somewhat highter
The repeated association of pleasant relaxing states with stimuli that arouse fear is a central feature of
systematic desensitization
Humanistic therapists are likely to teach clients to
take more responsibility for their own feelings and actions
Light exposure therapy sparks activity in a brain region that influences
the body's arousal
The expression toward a therapist of feelings linked with earlier relationships is known as
transference
A therapist who takes an eclectic approach is one who
uses a variety of psychological theories and therapeutic approaches