Unit 2 psychology

cultural differences in emotional expression and body language between Japan and Germany

Hans grew up in Germany and later moved to Japan for a job opportunity. Back at home, he never had issues making friends or had interpersonal issues with colleagues at work, but in his new home, Hans is having difficulty interacting with his colleagues. According to psychologists who study how culture influences behavior, his difficulties most likely stem from

The relationship between daylight and depressive symptoms may also be linked to a third variable

Researchers conducted a correlational study during the winter season, which has shorter days and longer nights. The researcher asked about people's experiences with depression-like symptoms, including feelings of tiredness and reduction in energy output. The researcher found that there was a positive correlation between the amount of daylight and depression-like symptoms. Which of the following statements best reflects how to interpret this correlational finding?

A representative sample is essential if researchers are to generalize the results to the entire population.

Researchers studying stereotype threat are concerned that approximately 80 percent of study participants are drawn from Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic societies that comprise only 12 percent of the world's population. Of the following explanations, which best represents why this finding leads to such uneasiness among psychologists?

Sampling bias

Students from a journalism class ask only their friends to participate in a school newspaper survey about conformity and neglect to ask the rest of the student body. The journalism students' data may not be generalizable due to which of the following?

Recalling information about life events with over 90% accuracy

Which of the following is the best operational definition of superior autobiographical memory?

meta-analysis

Dr. Grayson is interested in studying the relationship between eating disorders and mood. To conduct the study, Dr. Grayson analyzes the results of several previous studies on eating disorders and emotional state. Which research strategy is Dr. Grayson using?

The operational definition helps everyone involved with the research understand and collect data in the same manner

Dr. Levine is interested in studying how one's sexual orientation influences behavior. Which of the following explains why it is important for Dr. Levine to provide an operational definition of sexual orientation in the research plan?

Scatterplot

Dr. Walsh gathers data on the number of teratogens pregnant women were exposed to in a large city and the number of weeks at which their babies were delivered. The correlation between the two measures obtained in this study would be graphically represented as which of the following?

Placebo effect

A client whose improvement during therapy is the result of his or her expectation of improvement rather than the result of the therapy itself is showing

Operational definition

A research team wanted to measure how smart Chris was. The researchers measured how many math questions Chris got correct on his final exam. This measurement constituted which of the following?

representative of the population

A researcher is interested in determining whether an intervention designed to increase prosocial behavior could be used by people outside of their university campus. In order to yield information that is generalizable to the population from which it was drawn, a sample must be which of the following?

Sample

A researcher surveyed social norms in the same group of 20 people from early childhood through adulthood. In this example, which of the following describes the group of 20 people surveyed?

77

A test examining the level of sensation-seeking has a mean of 80 with a standard deviation of 4. Which of the following scores is within one standard deviation of the mean?