Unit 2 Review: Enzymes, ATP, Cells, Cell Membrane, and Cellular Transport
list three (3) organelles directly involved in protein production
Golgi apparatus, ribosomes, rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
which of the following is best observed by using a compound light microscope?
a eukaryotic cell
which of the following cells would most likely have the greatest concentration of densely packed rough endoplasmic reticulum?
a pancreatic cell engaged in the production of digestive enzymes
which of the following cellular processes is coupled with the hydrolysis of ATP?
active transport
which of the following is correct concerning a spherical cell?
as the diameter decreases, the surface-to-volume ratio increases
(bell ringer) which of these statements accurately reflects the relationship between cell size and surface area?
cells must maximize their surface area to volume ratio in order to maintain homeostasis
steroid affecting the fluidity of the plasma membrane is
cholesterol
simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion are related in that both
depend on a concentration gradient
which of the following best characterizes the reaction represented below? A + B + energy → AB
endergonic reaction
essential for the synthesis of fats is
glycerol
a storage form of carbohydrate in muscle is
glycogen
which of the following is the primary role of the lysosome?
intracellular digestion
(see diagram for questions for 14-16) if, instead of the bag, a potato slice were placed in the beaker of distilled water, which of the following would be true of the potato slice?
it would gain mass
within the cell, many chemical reactions that, by themselves, require energy input (have a positive free-energy change) can occur because the reactions
may be coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP OR are catalyzed by enzymes
list two (2) cellular structures directly involved in cell division
microtubules, centrioles
list two (2) fibers of the cytoskeleton
microtubules, microfilaments
list two (2) organelles directly involved in energy production
mitochondria, chloroplast
the organelle that is the major producer of ATP and is found in both heterotrophs and autotrophs is the
mitochondrion
all of the following cell components are found in prokaryotic cells EXCEPT: DNA, ribosomes, cell membrane, nuclear envelope, or enzymes
nuclear envelope
if plant cells are immersed in distilled water, the resulting movement of water into the cell is called
osmosis
the major component of the fluid bilayer of a plasma membrane is
phospholipid
carrier molecule in the plasma membrane is
protein
animals produce most of their nitrogen-containing wastes during
protein catabolism (digestion)
which of the following can be used to determine the rate of enzyme-catalyzed reactions?
rate of disappearance of the substrate
membranes are components of all of the following EXCEPT a
ribosome
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells generally have which of the following features in common?
ribosomes
the nucleolus functions in the production of
ribosomes
which of the following organelles modifies and packages for secretion the materials produced by the ribosomes?
the Golgi apparatus
(see diagram for questions for 14-16) which of the following best describes the conditions expected after 24 hours?
the bag will contain more water than it did in the original condition
(see diagram for questions for 14-16) from the initial conditions and results described which of the following is a logical conclusion?
the pores of the bag are larger than the glucose molecules but smaller than the starch molecules