Unit 2 Review: Enzymes, ATP, Cells, Cell Membrane, and Cellular Transport

list three (3) organelles directly involved in protein production

Golgi apparatus, ribosomes, rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

which of the following is best observed by using a compound light microscope?

a eukaryotic cell

which of the following cells would most likely have the greatest concentration of densely packed rough endoplasmic reticulum?

a pancreatic cell engaged in the production of digestive enzymes

which of the following cellular processes is coupled with the hydrolysis of ATP?

active transport

which of the following is correct concerning a spherical cell?

as the diameter decreases, the surface-to-volume ratio increases

(bell ringer) which of these statements accurately reflects the relationship between cell size and surface area?

cells must maximize their surface area to volume ratio in order to maintain homeostasis

steroid affecting the fluidity of the plasma membrane is

cholesterol

simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion are related in that both

depend on a concentration gradient

which of the following best characterizes the reaction represented below? A + B + energy → AB

endergonic reaction

essential for the synthesis of fats is

glycerol

a storage form of carbohydrate in muscle is

glycogen

which of the following is the primary role of the lysosome?

intracellular digestion

(see diagram for questions for 14-16) if, instead of the bag, a potato slice were placed in the beaker of distilled water, which of the following would be true of the potato slice?

it would gain mass

within the cell, many chemical reactions that, by themselves, require energy input (have a positive free-energy change) can occur because the reactions

may be coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP OR are catalyzed by enzymes

list two (2) cellular structures directly involved in cell division

microtubules, centrioles

list two (2) fibers of the cytoskeleton

microtubules, microfilaments

list two (2) organelles directly involved in energy production

mitochondria, chloroplast

the organelle that is the major producer of ATP and is found in both heterotrophs and autotrophs is the

mitochondrion

all of the following cell components are found in prokaryotic cells EXCEPT: DNA, ribosomes, cell membrane, nuclear envelope, or enzymes

nuclear envelope

if plant cells are immersed in distilled water, the resulting movement of water into the cell is called

osmosis

the major component of the fluid bilayer of a plasma membrane is

phospholipid

carrier molecule in the plasma membrane is

protein

animals produce most of their nitrogen-containing wastes during

protein catabolism (digestion)

which of the following can be used to determine the rate of enzyme-catalyzed reactions?

rate of disappearance of the substrate

membranes are components of all of the following EXCEPT a

ribosome

prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells generally have which of the following features in common?

ribosomes

the nucleolus functions in the production of

ribosomes

which of the following organelles modifies and packages for secretion the materials produced by the ribosomes?

the Golgi apparatus

(see diagram for questions for 14-16) which of the following best describes the conditions expected after 24 hours?

the bag will contain more water than it did in the original condition

(see diagram for questions for 14-16) from the initial conditions and results described which of the following is a logical conclusion?

the pores of the bag are larger than the glucose molecules but smaller than the starch molecules