Unit 3 Ecology: Food Chains, Webs, Pyramids, Ecological Relationships

A) Top

For a forest ecosystem, which tier of the pyramid has the least biomass? A) Top B) Middle C) Bottom

C) Bottom

For a forest ecosystem, which tier of the pyramid has the most biomass? A) Top B) Middle C) Bottom

Bottom

For a pyramid of energy diagram is the most energy located on the bottom or top tier?

Top

For a pyramid of energy diagram the least amount of available energy is located on the bottom or top tier?

B) Middle

For an aquatic ecosystem, which tier of the pyramid has the greatest biomass? A) Top B) Middle C) Bottom

C) Bottom

For an aquatic ecosystem, which tier of the pyramid has the least biomass? A) Top B) Middle C) Bottom

Autotroph/Producer

Organism that is able to capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds.

Omnivore

Organism that obtains energy by eating BOTH plants and animals

Carnivore

Organism that obtains energy by eating animals

Herbivore

Organisms that obtains energy by eating ONLY plants

Heterotroph/consumer

Organisms that obtains food by consuming other living things.

Food web

A diagram showing complex feeding relationships and energy flow represent which of the following? A) Food pyramid B) Food web C) Food chain D) Food progression

C) biomagnification

A process where non-biodegradable toxins become more concentrated at each higher trophic level in the food chain is called...? A) bioaccumulation B) magnification C) biomagnification D) accumulation

Decomposer

organism that breaks down and obtains energy from dead organic matter.

C) competition

organisms living in the same place at the same time must compete for natural resources is known as what? A) predator/prey relationship B) mutualism C) competition D) symbiosis

B) Food chain and energy flow

Cherry Tree --------> Mouse-----> Snake ------> Hawk What does the diagram illustrate, and what do the arrows represent? A) Food web and energy flow B) Food chain and energy flow C) Food pyramid and energy flow

Mouse

Cherry Tree --------> Mouse-----> Snake ------> Hawk Which organism in the food chain is a primary consumer?

Cherry Tree

Cherry Tree --------> Mouse-----> Snake ------> Hawk Which organism in the food chain is a producer?

Snake and Hawk

Cherry Tree --------> Mouse-----> Snake ------> Hawk Which organism(s) are carnivores?

Mouse, Snake, Hawk

Cherry Tree --------> Mouse-----> Snake ------> Hawk Which organism(s) in the food chain is a heterotroph?

Cherry Tree

Cherry Tree --------> Mouse-----> Snake ------> Hawk Which organism(s) in the food chain is an autotroph?

Trophic Level

Each step (or tier) in a food chain or food web

C) Choice A and B

In a pyramid of energy diagram, why is the transfer of energy and matter in a food chain only 10% efficient? A) Organisms need energy to respire, move, grow, and reproduce B) Organisms' metabolic processes release heat (thermal energy) C) Choice A and B D) Choice A but not B

C) kilocalorie, energy

In terms of ecological pyramids, what does kcal mean and what does it measure? A) kilocalorie, distance B) kilocalorie, volume C) kilocalorie, energy B) kilocalorie, temperature

Food web

Network of complex interactions formed by the feeding relationships among the variable organisms in an ecosystem. (the combining of food chains to represent an ecosystem)

B) 2

On what trophic level would a primary consumer appear? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4

Detritivore

Organism that feeds on plant and animal remains (but does not decay)

Food Chain

Series of steps in an ecosystem in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten.

D) bioaccumulation

What do we call concentrating of a non-biodegradable toxin in the tissues or an organism? A) accumulation B) biomagnification C) magnification D) bioaccumulation

F) All of the above

The elements CHNOPS can be recycled where? A) water cycle B) nitrogen cycle C) carbon cycle D) phosphorus cycle E) sulfur cycle F) All of the above

C) trophic level

The level at which an organism feeds is the....? A) ecological tier B) energy stage C) trophic level

B) decomposers

To make the elements, CHNOPS available for reuse and recycle, is the function of who? A) herbivores B) decomposers C) producers D) heterotrophs

C) the amount of living organic matter available at each trophic level

What does a pyramid of biomass represent? A) the relative amount of energy available at each trophic level B) the amount of organisms at each trophic level C) the the amount of living organic matter available at each trophic level D) All matter, both living and dead, available at each trophic level

D) the number of organisms at each trophic level in the ecosystem

What does a pyramid of numbers represent? A) the relative amount of energy available at each trophic level B) the amount of organic matter at each trophic level C) the number of communities found at each trophic level D) the number of organisms at each trophic level in the ecosystem

D) the energy that is available for use to successive trophic levels

What does an ecological pyramid of energy show...? A) the number of individuals present at each trophic level B) the amount of organic matter at each trophic level C) the energy that is required for each organism to sustain life at each trophic level D) the energy that is available for use to successive trophic levels

C) energy flow

What explains how energy moves through an ecosystem? A) consumption B) feeding relationships C) energy flow

B) sun

What is the ultimate source of energy? A) plants B) sun C) moon D) atmosphere

B) Middle

Where are the majority of numbers located for a forest ecosystem in a pyramid of numbers? A) Top B) Middle C) Bottom

C) Bottom

Where are the majority of numbers located for an aquatic ecosystem in a pyramid of numbers? A) Top B) Middle C) Bottom

C) Bottom

Where are the minority of numbers located for a forest ecosystem in a pyramid of numbers? A) Top B) Middle C) Bottom

A) Top

Where are the minority of numbers located for an aquatic ecosystem in a pyramid of numbers? A) Top B) Middle C) Bottom

D) all of the above

Where do all the dead things go? A) they are eaten by detritivores B) they are broken down by environment C) food for decomposers D) all of the above

D) Carnivore

Which of choices is not a trophic level? A) Top carnivore B) Producer C) Consumer D) Carnivore

A) Bacteria and Fungi

Which of the following is an example of a decomposer? A) Bacteria and Fungi B) Earthworms C) insects D) A and C E) A and B

E) both B and C

Which of the following is an example of a detritivore? A) Bacteria and Fungi B) Earthworms C) Scavengers (ie Vulture) D) C only E) both B and C

B) primary consumer

Which trophic level is on the bottom of an ecological pyramid? A) Top carnivore B) primary consumer C) producer D) 2nd Consumer