Unit 3 Lesson 2: ENERGY TRANSFER
If an object has more particles is its thermal energy greater or lesser than an object with less particles?
Greater
Why would an increase in the temperature of the oceans contribute to a rise in sea level?
Increase in temperature of the water causes it to expand, also by melting of ice caps increases the water level.
What is one form of radiation that you can't see but can feel from the sun?
Infrared radiation
If an object has more kinetic energy what happens to its temperature?
It is higher
All matter is made up of moving particles, such as atoms or molecules- when they are in motion they have what?
Kinetic energy
Why doe land feel warmer than water or the air?
Land warms up at a faster rate than water and air do.
What is the main source of energy for most processes at Earth's surface?
Sun
Why does an hot air ballon rise as the air inside gets hotter?
The air inside the balloon expands and it particles move faster & farther apart which makes it less dense than the air outside the balloon causing it to be forced upward.
Name one example of where energy transfer by radiation is occurring.
The bread in an oven because it is getting heat from the warm air in the oven
What is happening to a substance undergoing thermal expansion?
The increase in volume that results from an increase in temperature
What i the difference between temperature, thermal energy, and heat?
Thermal energy is the total of kinetic energy. Temperature is a measure of average heat. Heat is the average of kinetic energy
What is one form of radiation from the sun that you can see?
Visible light
You are doing an experiment outside on a sunny day. You find the temperature of some sand is 28C. You also find the temperature of some water is 25C. Explain the difference in temperature.
Water has a higher specific heat than sand causing the water to heat up slower than the sand
Name one example of where energy transfer by convection is occurring.
Water in a pot on the stove, the water at the bottom of the pot heats up and rises to the top causing cooler water to sink to the bottom of the pot.
What substance gets colder when it expands?
Water, it then freezes to form ice.
What happens when two objects at different temperatures touch? Name one place where it occurs in Earth's system.
When a hotter object touches a colder object, the hotter object transfers heat to the colder object. One place this occurs in Earth's system is the air and land
Temperature
a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles
Thermal Expansion
an increase in volume because of an increase in temperature
The transfer of energy from one object to another object through direct contact. The transfer of energy as heat through a material.
conduction
The transfer of energy due to the movement of matter. The movement of matter due to differences in density.
convection
What is energy from the sun called?
electromagnetic radiation
Heat
energy that is transferred between objects at different temperatures
This is how heat energy is transferred in objects
from higher temperature object to the lower temperature object
A thermometer is used to measure ... ?
heat
The energy transferred between objects that are at different temperatures
heat
The sun provides us with ... ?
heat
The particles in a cold ice cube have ________________ energy than the particles in your warm hand.
less
The particles in a hot pan have ______________ (more/less) kinetic energy than the particles in a cool oven mitt.
more
The particles in a hot pan have __________________ energy than the particles in a cool oven mitt.
more
Name one example of where energy transfer by conduction is occurring.
A warm hand holding an ice cube, heat from your hand transfers to the ice cube.
Most Earth substances become warmer when they contract or expand?
Expand. They get cooler when they contract
What are two example of what happens when energy from the sun reaches Earth?
1. Passes through the atmosphere and reaches Earth's surface 2. Absorbed by the atmosphere, geosphere, and hydrosphere then changed into thermal energy.
List three ways energy can be transferred
1. Radiation 2. Conduction 3. Convection
What is the difference between 1. temperature, 2. thermal energy, and 3. heat?
1. Temperature -- is a measure of the average kinetic energy 2. Thermal Energy -- is the total kinetic energy of particles 3. Heat -- is the energy that is transferred between objects that are different temperatures
Why can metal utensils get too hot to touch when you are cooking with them?
Because of conduction, if you leave a metal utensil in a hot pan the metal utensil will continue to heat up
Why do particles have different amount of kinetic energy?
Because particles move at different speeds. Faster a particle moves the more kinetic energy it has.
What is an example of convection in Earth's system?
Convection occurs in the Ocean because of differences in the density of ocean water. More dense water sinks to the ocean floor, and less dense water moves towards the surface.
What is specific heat?
Different rates at which material become warmer or cooler
An example of something hot is ... ?
particles moving fast
An example of something cold is ... ?
particles moving slow
The transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves
radiation
A measure of the average kinetic energy of particles. A measure of how hot or cold something is; specifically, a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object.
temperature
This is the main source of energy for most processes on Earth's surface
the sun
Thermal Energy
the total kinetic energy of particles
Radiation
the transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves
Convection
the transfer of energy due to the movement of matter
Conduction
the transfer of energy from one object due to another due to direct contact
The total kinetic energy of a substance's atoms
thermal energy
The increase in volume that results from an increase in temperature. An increase in the size of a substance in response to an increase in the temperature of the substance
thermal expansion
Specific Heat
this causes materials to heat and cool at different rates
