Unit 3 Sections 1-3 Quiz Study Guide (Earth Science)

How do coarse-grained intrusive rocks form?

from slow cooling magma

Describe the texture of the following igneous rock.

glassy

What is a well-known igneous rock that contains quartz, feldspar, and mica?

granite

which of the following igneous rocks is this?

granite

Igneous rock transforms into metamorphic rock by___.

heat and pressure

Sedimentary rock transforms into metamorphic rock by___.

heat and pressure

Rocks that come out of volcanoes form the greater part of the earth's crust. These rocks are

igneous

Which type of rock is formed from solidification of magma or lava?

igneous

Which type of rock is formed when molten magma or lava solidifies?

igneous rock

What type of texture is this rock?

porphyritic

What is erosion in the rock cycle?

process of wearing away rocks and moving the sediment to a new location

which of the following igneous rocks is this?

pumice

Extrusive rocks that form quickly above the Earth's surface have___or a___ texture

small crystals; fine-grained

sedimentary rock

A type of rock that forms when particles from other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together

Igneous rock that forms from lava on Earth's surface

Extrusive Rock

Magma that is low in silica usually forms light-colored rocks, such as granite.

FALSE (high)

Igneous rock that forms when magma hardens beneath Earth's surface.

Intrusive Rock

Two ways to describe igneous rocks are___

Intrusive and Extrusive

Stone Mountain is mainly composed of granite. What does that mean about its origin?

It formed below Earth's surface.

conglomerate

a clastic rock composed of rounded, pebble-sized rock fragments

deposition

Process in which sediment is laid down in new locations.

clastic sedimentary rock

Sedimentary rock that forms when fragments of preexisting rocks are compacted or cemented together.

chemical sedimentary rock

Sedimentary rock that forms when minerals precipitate from a solution or settle from a suspension.

Extrusive rocks that form quickly above the Earth's surface have

Small or No Crystals

Each rock type can turn into another rock type.

TRUE

Igneous rocks are classified by their origin, texture, and mineral composition

TRUE

Rocks are made out of minerals.

TRUE

The rock cycle explains how rocks form.

TRUE

weathering

The breaking down of rocks and other materials on the Earth's surface.

cementation

The process by which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue particles of sediment together into one mass.

erosion

The process by which wind, water, ice, or gravity transports soil and sediment from one location to another

agents of weathering

Wind, Water, Ice, Heat, Plant Roots

Where is lava located?

above ground

What type of composition does the following rock have?

andesitic (intermediate colored)

Which of the following igneous rocks is this?

basalt

what type of composition does the following rock have?

basaltic

Where is magma located?

below ground

After changing to sediment, the igneous rock is then transformed to sedimentary rock by___.

cementation and compaction

After transforming to sediment, the metamorphic rock transforms to sedimentary rocks by___.

cementation and compaction

coal

chemical sedimentary rock composed of the remains of plants that lived in tropical swamps millions of years ago

shale

clastic sedimentary rock made of mud

breccia

coarse sedimentary rock consisting of angular fragments; or rock broken into angular fragments by faulting

which type of texture does this rock have?

coarse-grained

low silica content in lava =

darker-colored rock

Basalt is an extrusive igneous rock. What does this tell you about it?

it was formed from lava that erupted onto Earth's surface

Intrusive rocks that form below the Earth's surface have ___or a___texture.

large crystals; coarse grained

high silica content in magma =

lighter-colored rock

Sedimentary rock transforms to igneous rock by___.

melting and cooling

The process by which igneous rocks are formed...

melting and cooling of magma

What is an igneous or sedimentary rock that has been changed by extreme pressure and heat?

metamorphic

When sedimentary rock is buried underneath a surface it may turn into another rock called

metamorphic rock

limestone

most abundant chemical sedimentary rock

Which of the following igneous rocks is this?

obsidian

What are the three basic type of rocks?

sedimentary, igneous, metamorphic

physical weathering

the mechanical breakdown of rocks and minerals

chemical weathering

the process by which rocks break down as a result of chemical reactions

compaction

the process by which sediments are pressed together under their own weight