Unit 3 Sections 1-3 Quiz Study Guide (Earth Science)
How do coarse-grained intrusive rocks form?
from slow cooling magma
Describe the texture of the following igneous rock.
glassy
What is a well-known igneous rock that contains quartz, feldspar, and mica?
granite
which of the following igneous rocks is this?
granite
Igneous rock transforms into metamorphic rock by___.
heat and pressure
Sedimentary rock transforms into metamorphic rock by___.
heat and pressure
Rocks that come out of volcanoes form the greater part of the earth's crust. These rocks are
igneous
Which type of rock is formed from solidification of magma or lava?
igneous
Which type of rock is formed when molten magma or lava solidifies?
igneous rock
What type of texture is this rock?
porphyritic
What is erosion in the rock cycle?
process of wearing away rocks and moving the sediment to a new location
which of the following igneous rocks is this?
pumice
Extrusive rocks that form quickly above the Earth's surface have___or a___ texture
small crystals; fine-grained
sedimentary rock
A type of rock that forms when particles from other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together
Igneous rock that forms from lava on Earth's surface
Extrusive Rock
Magma that is low in silica usually forms light-colored rocks, such as granite.
FALSE (high)
Igneous rock that forms when magma hardens beneath Earth's surface.
Intrusive Rock
Two ways to describe igneous rocks are___
Intrusive and Extrusive
Stone Mountain is mainly composed of granite. What does that mean about its origin?
It formed below Earth's surface.
conglomerate
a clastic rock composed of rounded, pebble-sized rock fragments
deposition
Process in which sediment is laid down in new locations.
clastic sedimentary rock
Sedimentary rock that forms when fragments of preexisting rocks are compacted or cemented together.
chemical sedimentary rock
Sedimentary rock that forms when minerals precipitate from a solution or settle from a suspension.
Extrusive rocks that form quickly above the Earth's surface have
Small or No Crystals
Each rock type can turn into another rock type.
TRUE
Igneous rocks are classified by their origin, texture, and mineral composition
TRUE
Rocks are made out of minerals.
TRUE
The rock cycle explains how rocks form.
TRUE
weathering
The breaking down of rocks and other materials on the Earth's surface.
cementation
The process by which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue particles of sediment together into one mass.
erosion
The process by which wind, water, ice, or gravity transports soil and sediment from one location to another
agents of weathering
Wind, Water, Ice, Heat, Plant Roots
Where is lava located?
above ground
What type of composition does the following rock have?
andesitic (intermediate colored)
Which of the following igneous rocks is this?
basalt
what type of composition does the following rock have?
basaltic
Where is magma located?
below ground
After changing to sediment, the igneous rock is then transformed to sedimentary rock by___.
cementation and compaction
After transforming to sediment, the metamorphic rock transforms to sedimentary rocks by___.
cementation and compaction
coal
chemical sedimentary rock composed of the remains of plants that lived in tropical swamps millions of years ago
shale
clastic sedimentary rock made of mud
breccia
coarse sedimentary rock consisting of angular fragments; or rock broken into angular fragments by faulting
which type of texture does this rock have?
coarse-grained
low silica content in lava =
darker-colored rock
Basalt is an extrusive igneous rock. What does this tell you about it?
it was formed from lava that erupted onto Earth's surface
Intrusive rocks that form below the Earth's surface have ___or a___texture.
large crystals; coarse grained
high silica content in magma =
lighter-colored rock
Sedimentary rock transforms to igneous rock by___.
melting and cooling
The process by which igneous rocks are formed...
melting and cooling of magma
What is an igneous or sedimentary rock that has been changed by extreme pressure and heat?
metamorphic
When sedimentary rock is buried underneath a surface it may turn into another rock called
metamorphic rock
limestone
most abundant chemical sedimentary rock
Which of the following igneous rocks is this?
obsidian
What are the three basic type of rocks?
sedimentary, igneous, metamorphic
physical weathering
the mechanical breakdown of rocks and minerals
chemical weathering
the process by which rocks break down as a result of chemical reactions
compaction
the process by which sediments are pressed together under their own weight