Unit #4 ap gov test

Based on the line graph, what percentage of people surveyed attended church weekly in 1990 ? A. 35% B. 30% C. 25% D. 15%

A. 35%

Which of the following best describes an exit poll? A. A poll that asks voters at randomly selected voting places whom they voted for so that election results can be predicted more quickly B. A poll conducted by having a computer randomly select phone numbers from around the country C. An opinion poll that is used to intentionally sway people's opinions by using false or misleading information in the conversation D. A poll that randomly samples a population to capture public opinion at a given time

A. A poll that asks voters at randomly selected voting places whom they voted for so that election results can be predicted more quickly

Which of the following scenarios best reflects the process of political socialization? A. An individual takes a civics course in school and develops opinions about politics. B. Members of Congress increasingly vote the same way as other members of their party. C. A group is able to attract new members by offering access to a broad network of people. D. As media choices increase, individuals expand their media consumption to new sources.

A. An individual takes a civics course in school and develops opinions about politics.

One of the principal effects of 9/11 was instilling in Americans a fear that their personal security was at greater risk than ever before. Many aspects of the post-9/11 world are indeed new, but the fear it evokes echoes that felt by prior generations. At times the country has met those fears while still holding fast to its core democratic principles. Other times, fear has overruled American principles, especially the protection of individual freedoms. The most important legacy of the American experience following 9/11 will not be the novelty of fear, but rather how well the country copes with that fear while adhering to its constitutional framework. Given how searing the 9/11 experience was, it is sometimes hard to remember that prior generations of Americans didn't always sleep soundly either. Pearl Harbor is an often-cited example, but it joins many other moments of intense fear in U.S. history. During the 40-plus years of the Cold War, American school children practiced "duck and cover" drills the way today's kids might practice school lock-downs. As a teenage in the 1980s, I joined Sting in hoping we could avert a nuclear holocaust if "the Russians love their children, too." With the collapse of the Soviet Union, other threats in the United States soon appeared: the 1993 World Trade Center bombing, the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing, and the 1996 Atlanta Olympic Park bombing, to name just a few. During the 1990s, some in the military liked to refer to the United States as a "homeland sanctuary;" after 9/11, many talk about the end of that sanctuary. True, the country has experienced fewer external threats to its population than have most other nations. But it's a misconception to think that the American sense of external threat is new. The experience of those who lived through 9/11 needs to create which of the following outcomes, according to the author of the passage? A. Citizens should not let their fear of another terror attack override the country's ability to adhere to the civil liberties protections outlined in the Constitution. B. Citizens need to acknowledge that the 9/11 attack was a unique event and work to develop a new strategy to combat future terror attacks. C. Citizens have to be willing to sacrifice some civil liberties in order to protect the country from future terroristic attacks. D. Citizens can rely on the government to develop plans to protect them in the event of a future attack on the United States.

A. Citizens should not let their fear of another terror attack override the country's ability to adhere to the civil liberties protections outlined in the Constitution.

Parents have the greatest stake in the outcome of their child's education. Accordingly, they should also have the power to make sure their child is getting the right education. As Deven Carlson points out, there is little constituency in America for the top-down reforms that have been tried time and again. In order for any reform to truly work, it must attract and maintain the support of the people. I have seen such support for parental empowerment. The more parents exercise it, the more they like it. This growing support is why states are responding to that demand one by one. . . . Equal access to a quality education should be a right for every American and every parent should have the right to choose how their child is educated. Government exists to protect those rights, not usurp them. So let's face it: the opponents of [school choice] could repeal every voucher law, close every charter school, and defund every choice program across the country. But school choice still wouldn't go away. There would still be school choice . . . for the affluent and the powerful. Let's empower the forgotten parents to decide where their children go to school. Let's show some humility and trust all parents to know their kids' needs better than we do. Which of the following actions would give opponents of school choice the best chance of preventing the Department of Education from adopting the policy outlined above? A. Opponents of school choice could take the Department of Education to federal court and have the school choice policy declared unconstitutional. B. Opponents of school choice could write letters to the Department of Education expressing why they are opposed to school choice. C. Opponents of school choice could protest in front of their city's local school board to insist that the district do not take any money from the Department of Education for school choice. D. Opponents of school choice could raise money for a potential challenger the next time Betsy DeVos runs for reelection as Secretary of the Department of Education.

A. Opponents of school choice could take the Department of Education to federal court and have the school choice policy declared unconstitutional.

Which of the following is a likely public policy result of the data on the line graph? A. Public policies that create jobs but increase the deficit, such as tax cuts or infrastructure spending, will likely be prioritized over paying down the national debt. B. Bills in Congress that create an economic stimulus through public works projects will pass with bipartisan support. C. A program to extend unemployment benefits to more people will likely pass in 2018. D. Public policies that pay down the deficit but are harmful to economic growth will likely pass during the next Congress.

A. Public policies that create jobs but increase the deficit, such as tax cuts or infrastructure spending, will likely be prioritized over paying down the national debt.

Agree-Disagree v. Forced Choice Questions Agree-Disagree The best way to ensure peace is through military strength. (55% agree, 42% disagree) Forced Choice The best way to ensure peace is through military strength (33%) OR Diplomacy is the best way to ensure peace (55%) Based on the outcome of the polls, which of the following is likely true about questions that use the agree-disagree format? A. Questions that use the agree-disagree format increase the percentage of respondents who agree with the primary statement. B. Questions that use the agree-disagree format create confusion about what is being asked. C. Questions that use the agree-disagree format reduce support for the public policy that is being surveyed. D. Questions that use the agree-disagree promote considerations of other perspectives.

A. Questions that use the agree-disagree format increase the percentage of respondents who agree with the primary statement.

A polling firm tried to predict the results of an election by sampling 1,000 adults within a state for two days prior to the election, using landline telephones of likely voters. After the election, the firm found that their poll results were not close to the actual election results. Which of the following recommendations would be the best for the firm to follow in the future? A. Sample people who have cell phones, in addition to those with landlines. B. Conduct the survey over a one-day period rather than two days C. Adjust the results if the sample includes more people from one party than another. D. Use an Internet-based poll that encourages people to vote online for their preferred candidate.

A. Sample people who have cell phones, in addition to those with landlines.

Which generation group is most likely to oppose a protest of national symbols or ceremonies? A. Silent B. Boomer C. Generation X D. Millennial

A. Silent

Using both the maps, which of the following best explains how states with the highest corporate tax rates voted in the 2016 election? A. The maps show that states with the highest corporate tax rates were more likely to vote for the Democrat, Hillary Clinton, in the 2016 election. B. The maps show that states with the highest corporate tax rates split their votes between the Democrat, Hillary Clinton, and the Republican, Donald Trump, in the 2016 election. C. The maps show that states with the highest corporate tax rates were more likely to vote for the Republican, Donald Trump, in the 2016 election. D. The maps show that there was no relationship between high corporate tax rates and which candidate a state was likely to vote for in the 2016 election.

A. The maps show that states with the highest corporate tax rates were more likely to vote for the Democrat, Hillary Clinton, in the 2016 election.

Which of the following best describes a trend in the data? A. The older the respondents, the more likely they are to identify as patriotic. B. Generation X respondents are more likely to be politically active than the Baby-Boomer respondents. C. Baby Boomer respondents are the most likely to consider themselves self-reliant. D. The younger the respondents, the more likely they are to identify as religious and moral

A. The older the respondents, the more likely they are to identify as patriotic.

Parents have the greatest stake in the outcome of their child's education. Accordingly, they should also have the power to make sure their child is getting the right education. As Deven Carlson points out, there is little constituency in America for the top-down reforms that have been tried time and again. In order for any reform to truly work, it must attract and maintain the support of the people. I have seen such support for parental empowerment. The more parents exercise it, the more they like it. This growing support is why states are responding to that demand one by one. . . . Equal access to a quality education should be a right for every American and every parent should have the right to choose how their child is educated. Government exists to protect those rights, not usurp them. So let's face it: the opponents of [school choice] could repeal every voucher law, close every charter school, and defund every choice program across the country. But school choice still wouldn't go away. There would still be school choice . . . for the affluent and the powerful. Let's empower the forgotten parents to decide where their children go to school. Let's show some humility and trust all parents to know their kids' needs better than we do. The author in the passage seeks to convince those uncertain about the policy of school choice to do which of the following? A. To support a parents' right to choose where their child goes to school B. To demand that the government provide better funding for all public schools C. To elect government representatives who support school choice D. To donate money to organizations that support school choice

A. To support a parents' right to choose where their child goes to school

Based on the line graph, which of the following statements about church attendance in 1972 is true? A. In 1972, about 30% of people surveyed reported attending church monthly or less. B. In 1972, more people surveyed reported attending church weekly than reported attending rarely or never. C. In 1972, most people surveyed reported attending church yearly. D. In 1972, more people surveyed reported attending church yearly than reported attending weekly.

B. In 1972, more people surveyed reported attending church weekly than reported attending rarely or never.

One of the principal effects of 9/11 was instilling in Americans a fear that their personal security was at greater risk than ever before. Many aspects of the post-9/11 world are indeed new, but the fear it evokes echoes that felt by prior generations. At times the country has met those fears while still holding fast to its core democratic principles. Other times, fear has overruled American principles, especially the protection of individual freedoms. The most important legacy of the American experience following 9/11 will not be the novelty of fear, but rather how well the country copes with that fear while adhering to its constitutional framework. Given how searing the 9/11 experience was, it is sometimes hard to remember that prior generations of Americans didn't always sleep soundly either. Pearl Harbor is an often-cited example, but it joins many other moments of intense fear in U.S. history. During the 40-plus years of the Cold War, American school children practiced "duck and cover" drills the way today's kids might practice school lock-downs. As a teenage in the 1980s, I joined Sting in hoping we could avert a nuclear holocaust if "the Russians love their children, too." With the collapse of the Soviet Union, other threats in the United States soon appeared: the 1993 World Trade Center bombing, the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing, and the 1996 Atlanta Olympic Park bombing, to name just a few. During the 1990s, some in the military liked to refer to the United States as a "homeland sanctuary;" after 9/11, many talk about the end of that sanctuary. True, the country has experienced fewer external threats to its population than have most other nations. But it's a misconception to think that the American sense of external threat is new. The passage is most related to which of the following concepts? A. Political partisanship B. Political socialization C. Political ideology D. Political polling

B. Political socialization

Which of the following public policies would Democrats be most likely to support? A. Authorizing additional funding for the military B. Securing a universal health care system C. Cutting the budget for foreign aid to other countries D. Withdrawing from international climate change agreements

B. Securing a universal health care system

Using both of the maps, which of the following best explains the role that ideology has played in the shaping of corporate tax rates? A. The maps indicate that there is no correlation between corporate tax rates and a state's ideology. B. The maps indicate that states that have high corporate tax rates are more likely to enact liberal policies. C. The maps indicate that states with high corporate tax rates are more likely to hold libertarian positions. D. The maps indicate that states with high corporate tax rates do not have an ideological preference.

B. The maps indicate that states that have high corporate tax rates are more likely to enact liberal policies.

The data in the line graph would be least useful to a researcher interested in finding out which of the following? A. Whether or not there are ideological differences in regards to job approval of the Federal Reserve B. Whether or not there was a decrease in support for the Federal Reserve after the 2008 financial crisis C. The percentage of people who identify as conservative who believe the Federal Reserve caused the 2008 financial crisis D. If the Federal Reserve was an institution broadly supported by liberals

B. Whether or not there was a decrease in support for the Federal Reserve after the 2008 financial crisis

A state government places security cameras facing a popular site of protest in a public square in front of its statehouse. This scenario illustrates A. how political attitudes quickly shift in the United States B. the balance of promoting stability and ensuring civil liberties C. the free-rider problem of organizing a civil rights protests D. the impact of globalization on individual political attitudes

B. the balance of promoting stability and ensuring civil liberties

Which of the following best describes how the generations view themselves in regards to the idealistic trait? A. Millennial respondents are the least likely to consider themselves idealistic. B. Each group is less likely to identify as idealistic as they get older. C. Baby-Boomer respondents are more likely to consider themselves idealistic than Generation X respondents. D. Silent Generation respondents are the most likely to consider themselves idealistic.

C. Baby-Boomer respondents are more likely to consider themselves idealistic than Generation X respondents.

A person loses his job and refuses to accept any government assistance to get back on his feet, instead relying on savings and seeking a new job immediately. Which of the following core values would this person most relate to? A. Rule of law B. Free enterprise C. Individualism D. Equality of opportunity

C. Individualism

Which of the following public policies would Republicans be most likely to support? A. Implementing new standards to reduce pollution B. Instituting paid maternity and paternity leave C. Opening public lands for ranching and oil exploration D. Raising the national minimum wage to $15 an hour

C. Opening public lands for ranching and oil exploration

Which of the following political parties would be most likely to oppose reduced sentencing for nonviolent felony offenders? A. The Green Party B. The Libertarian Party C. The Republican Party D. The Democratic Party

C. The Republican Party

Which of the following best explains the data in the line graph? A. Between 2012 and 2018, the economy did not grow enough to make economic issues a top priority. B. Voters care more about jobs than the budget deficit because there has been an increase in unemployment between 2010 and 2018. C. The economy is likely the most important issue because it is a broader category that is more open to individual interpretation than both jobs and the budget deficit. D. Complex issues such as the budget deficit receive little attention in the media even though citizens care deeply about them.

C. The economy is likely the most important issue because it is a broader category that is more open to individual interpretation than both jobs and the budget deficit.

Parents have the greatest stake in the outcome of their child's education. Accordingly, they should also have the power to make sure their child is getting the right education. As Deven Carlson points out, there is little constituency in America for the top-down reforms that have been tried time and again. In order for any reform to truly work, it must attract and maintain the support of the people. I have seen such support for parental empowerment. The more parents exercise it, the more they like it. This growing support is why states are responding to that demand one by one. . . . Equal access to a quality education should be a right for every American and every parent should have the right to choose how their child is educated. Government exists to protect those rights, not usurp them. So let's face it: the opponents of [school choice] could repeal every voucher law, close every charter school, and defund every choice program across the country. But school choice still wouldn't go away. There would still be school choice . . . for the affluent and the powerful. Let's empower the forgotten parents to decide where their children go to school. Let's show some humility and trust all parents to know their kids' needs better than we do. Which of the following is a necessary step for the government to take to protect school choice, based on the article? A. The federal government should require all students to pass standardized tests before moving to the next grade level. B. The federal government should increase funding for technology training for teachers. C. The federal government should provide funding to families to pursue schooling options other than the public school system. D. The federal government should implement mandatory background checks for teachers.

C. The federal government should provide funding to families to pursue schooling options other than the public school system.

Which of the following statements accurately explains a limitation of the line graph? A. The line graph does not take into account the views of those who identify as moderate. B. It is difficult to tell what the relationship is between ideology and the perception of the Federal Reserve. C. The line graph does not illustrate differences along party lines regarding the perception of the Federal Reserve. D. It is difficult to tell if there is a relationship between the two survey questions on the Federal Reserve.

C. The line graph does not illustrate differences along party lines regarding the perception of the Federal Reserve.

Using both of the maps, which of the following best explains how states with the lowest corporate tax rates voted in the 2016 election? A. The maps show that states with the lowest corporate tax rates were more likely to vote for the Democrat, Hillary Clinton, in the 2016 election. B. The maps show that states with the lowest corporate tax rate had no distinct preference for either the Democrat, Hillary Clinton, or the Republican, Donald Trump. C. The maps show that states with the lowest corporate tax rate were more likely to vote for the Republican, Donald Trump, in the 2016 election. D. The maps show that states with low corporate tax rates were just as likely to vote for the Democrat, Hillary Clinton, as they were for the Republican, Donald Trump, in the 2016 election.

C. The maps show that states with the lowest corporate tax rate were more likely to vote for the Republican, Donald Trump, in the 2016 election.

One of the principal effects of 9/11 was instilling in Americans a fear that their personal security was at greater risk than ever before. Many aspects of the post-9/11 world are indeed new, but the fear it evokes echoes that felt by prior generations. At times the country has met those fears while still holding fast to its core democratic principles. Other times, fear has overruled American principles, especially the protection of individual freedoms. The most important legacy of the American experience following 9/11 will not be the novelty of fear, but rather how well the country copes with that fear while adhering to its constitutional framework. Given how searing the 9/11 experience was, it is sometimes hard to remember that prior generations of Americans didn't always sleep soundly either. Pearl Harbor is an often-cited example, but it joins many other moments of intense fear in U.S. history. During the 40-plus years of the Cold War, American school children practiced "duck and cover" drills the way today's kids might practice school lock-downs. As a teenage in the 1980s, I joined Sting in hoping we could avert a nuclear holocaust if "the Russians love their children, too." With the collapse of the Soviet Union, other threats in the United States soon appeared: the 1993 World Trade Center bombing, the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing, and the 1996 Atlanta Olympic Park bombing, to name just a few. During the 1990s, some in the military liked to refer to the United States as a "homeland sanctuary;" after 9/11, many talk about the end of that sanctuary. True, the country has experienced fewer external threats to its population than have most other nations. But it's a misconception to think that the American sense of external threat is new. The passage is most related to which of the following concepts? Which of the following best explains how the passage relates to the political process? A. Attacks on United States soil can mobilize the public to act and demand changes to the public policy process. B. Public opinion plays an important role in the development of new security measures to protect the United States from internal and external threats. C. There are important political and cultural events that can cause the development of lasting political beliefs across groups of people in society. D. Citizens judge political leaders on how they react to the internal and external threats faced during their time in office.

C. There are important political and cultural events that can cause the development of lasting political beliefs across groups of people in society.

Agree-Disagree v. Forced Choice Questions Agree-Disagree The best way to ensure peace is through military strength. (55% agree, 42% disagree) Forced Choice The best way to ensure peace is through military strength (33%) OR Diplomacy is the best way to ensure peace (55%) Which of the following is the best conclusion a polling group might draw from the results of the two polls? A. Including loaded phrases such as "military strength" in questions skews the results of the poll. B. Asking the same question twice biases respondents, encouraging them to change their position. C. Using an agree-or-disagree format encourages respondents to agree with the position. D. A majority of Americans support using military force to ensure peace.

C. Using an agree-or-disagree format encourages respondents to agree with the position.

An important change in political culture since 1950 is that United States citizens have become A. more likely to believe that their actions can influence government policy B. more trusting of non-governmental institutions and leaders C. less trusting of governmental institutions and leaders D. less supportive of school integration E. less likely to think of themselves as ideologically moderate

C. less trusting of governmental institutions and leaders

Which of the following is true about church attendance based on the line graph? A. About 30% of people surveyed in 2010 rarely or never attend church. B. About 26% of people surveyed in 2010 attended church once a month or less. C. About 16% of people surveyed in 2010 attend church about once a year. D. About 54% of people surveyed in 2010 attended church once a year or less.

D. About 54% of people surveyed in 2010 attended church once a year or less.

Which of the following public policies is best supported by the notion of free enterprise? A. The government subsidizing the cost of milk B. Congress passing legislation bailing out the automobile industry C. Taxpayers funding a national high-speed railway service D. After a review, the Federal Trade Commission approving a corporate merger of cable providers

D. After a review, the Federal Trade Commission approving a corporate merger of cable providers

Which of the following is likely true about the 2018 midterm elections based on the data in the line graph? A. The budget deficit is going to be a bigger issue in the 2018 midterm elections than it was in the 2010 midterm elections. B. Members of Congress that are running for reelection are likely to emphasize their record on the budget deficit rather than jobs. C. Democrats are more likely than Republicans to vote in the 2018 midterm elections. D. Economic issues are less likely to be discussed in the 2018 midterm elections than in the 2012 presidential elections.

D. Economic issues are less likely to be discussed in the 2018 midterm elections than in the 2012 presidential elections.

On November 2, 2014, a Gallup poll reported that 51% of Americans support legalizing marijuana, while 47% oppose legalization. The reported margin of sampling error was +/- 4%. Which of the following inferences can be made from the poll? A. More people support marijuana legalization than oppose it. B. More states are passing laws in support of marijuana legalization. C. A majority of people under 35 years of age support legalizing marijuana. D. It is unclear whether more people support marijuana legalization than oppose it.

D. It is unclear whether more people support marijuana legalization than oppose it.

Which of the following descriptions is the information on the line graph too limited to support? A. The more conservative an individual is, the less likely he or she is to believe that the Federal Reserve helps to stabilize the economy. B. The more liberal an individual is, the more likely he or she is to believe that the Federal Reserve helps stabilize the economy. C. About half of those who identify as very liberal believe that the Federal Reserve helped stabilize the economy. D. Most who identify as very conservative believe that the Federal Reserve should be abolished.

D. Most who identify as very conservative believe that the Federal Reserve should be abolished.

Agree-Disagree v. Forced Choice Questions Agree-Disagree The best way to ensure peace is through military strength. (55% agree, 42% disagree) Forced Choice The best way to ensure peace is through military strength (33%) OR Diplomacy is the best way to ensure peace (55%) Which of the following most likely explains the difference in result of the two polls? A. Margin of error B. Wording choice C. Question order D. Question format

D. Question format

Which of the following is the best example of the core value of limited government? A. Interest groups lobbying the government to influence legislation on a particular issue B. The media covering a confirmation hearing for a potential Supreme Court justice C. Citizens voting to elect a new member of the United States Congress D. The United States Constitution delegating specific powers to Congress

D. The United States Constitution delegating specific powers to Congress

In a public opinion poll, a polling company used an online survey tool to randomly contact respondents who did not have telephone lines in addition to contacting people over the phone. Which of the following best explains this decision? A. The company saved money because it did not need to hire as many telephone interviewers to conduct the poll. B. The company was establishing a benchmark poll at the beginning of a campaign. C. The company was interested in asking different questions to different individuals. D. The company wanted to ensure that the sample of the population was truly random.

D. The company wanted to ensure that the sample of the population was truly random.