Unit 4 FINAL - APUSH

The excerpt most directly expresses an economic perspective that

A. prioritized regional interests

The emphasis on personal salvation, which Hutchinson articulated in the 1630s, was most strongly echoed in which later movement?

A. Second Great Awakening in the 1830s

Which of the following most likely accounts for the limits of United States settlement in portions of North Carolina and Georgia depicted on the map?

B. American Indians maintained sovereign control over those regions.

The graph above refutes which of the following statements?

B. Most southern families held slaves.

Addams' ideas expressed in the excerpt have most in common with which of the following historical views about women?

B. The belief of some mid-nineteenth-century reformers that women could act as the moral voice in society

Which other "righteous cause" would participants in the Seneca Falls Convention have been most likely to support?

C. Abolitionism

The ideas described in the excerpt contributed most directly to which of the following?

C. More Americans producing goods for national markets

Which of the following groups would be most likely to support the perspective of Frederick Douglass in the excerpt?

C. Northern abolitionists

Which of the following is one important continuity in urban life in the United States throughout the nineteenth century?

D. Immigrants formed an important part of the manufacturing workforce.

The majority of immigrants who arrived in the United States between 1821 and 1880 settled in the

D. Midwest and Northeast

During the first half of the nineteenth century, some women increasingly "bolster[ed] the household income," as described in the excerpt, by

A. obtaining positions in textile mills

Which of the following developments best represents a logical extension of the ideas expressed in the excerpt?

B. The expansion of participatory democracy in the Progressive Era

Which of the following most directly contributed to the overall trend depicted in the graph?

B. The transformation of the United States into an industrial society

What was the purpose behind the publication of the 1840 illustration above?

B. To portray Henry Harrison as a common man

The opening of the Erie Canal in 1825 was important because it

B. strengthened the ties between the eastern manufacturing and western agricultural regions

Petition for freedom to the Massachusetts Council and the House of Representatives for the State of Massachusetts, January 1777 The ideas expressed in the excerpt contributed most directly to which of the following?

D. The adoption of plans for gradual emancipation in the North

Settlement house work as described by Muncy had the most in common with women's activism during which of the following earlier periods?

D. The Second Great Awakening in the first half of the 1800s

The ideas in the excerpt about women's roles in society have the most in common with ideas associated with which of the following?

B. The greater separation of home and workplace during the first decades of the nineteenth century

Which of the following most directly contributed to the spread of settlement depicted on the map?

D. Sustained population growth after the American Revolution

Which of the following pieces of historical evidence from the United States census could best be used to support the argument in the excerpt?

A. Data showing changes in the number of textile mills

The picture above best expresses which of the following middle-class views about women in the mid-nineteenth century?

A. Women were the moral and spiritual strength of the family.

In the decades following the Civil War, the woman's rights movement that began at Seneca Falls focused its energies most strongly on

A. achieving the right to vote

The drawing above has been cited as evidence of the nineteenth-century middle-class view of the

A. home as a refuge from the world rather than as a productive unit

The area marked X on the map was part of

C. Louisiana Purchase

Which of the following most directly contributed to the change over time depicted on the two maps?

C. The building of canals and roads

The patterns of settlement shown in the map culminated in which of the following national crises by 1820?

C. The emergence of sectional tensions over the admission of the state of Missouri

The map above shows the United States immediately following the

C. passage of the Missouri Compromise

"As [political leader Henry] Clay envisioned it [in the 1820s], the American System constituted the... basis for social improvement.... Through sale of its enormous land holdings, the federal government could well afford to subsidize internal improvements. By levying protective tariffs, the government should foster the development of American manufacturing and agricultural enterprises that, in their infancy, might not be able to withstand foreign competition. The promotion of industry would create a home market for agricultural commodities, just as farms provided a market for manufactured products." Daniel Walker Howe, historian, What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815-1848, published in 2007 Based on the excerpt, which of the following groups would have been most likely to oppose Henry Clay's ideas?

D. Members of the Democratic Party

The ideas expressed in the excerpts have the most in common with which of the following?

D. The antislavery movement of the 1840s, when women asserted their right to speak on behalf of the cause

When Thomas Jefferson said in 1801, "We are all republicans - we are all federalists," he meant that

D. the principles of American government were above party politics

"Let us, then, fellow-citizens, unite with one heart and one mind. Let us restore to social intercourse that harmony and affection without which liberty and even life itself are but dreary things. And let us reflect that, having banished from our land that religious intolerance under which mankind so long bled and suffered, we have yet gained little if we countenance a political intolerance as despotic, as wicked, and capable of as bitter and bloody persecutions. . . . We have called by different names brethren of the same principle. We are all Republicans, we are all Federalists. If there be any among us who would wish to dissolve this Union or to change its republican form, let them stand undisturbed as monuments of the safety with which error of opinion may be tolerated where reason is left free to combat it." Thomas Jefferson, first inaugural address, 1801 The excerpt best reflects which of the following?

A. Conflicts over how the Constitution should be implemented and interpreted

In the 1850s, which of the following groups would have been most likely to benefit from the changes depicted on the maps?

A. Immigrants from western Europe

"Joseph Smith... came from nowhere. Reared in a poor Yankee farm family, he had less than two years of formal schooling and began life without social standing or institutional backing. His family rarely attended church. Yet in the fourteen years he headed the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Smith created a religious culture that survived his death, flourished in the most desolate regions of the United States, and continues to grow worldwide....In 1830 at the age of twenty-four, he published the Book of Mormon....He built cities and temples and gathered thousands of followers before he was killed at age thirty-eight." Richard Lyman Bushman, historian, Joseph Smith Rough Stone Rolling: A Cultural Biography of Mormonism's Founder, 2005 The developments described in the excerpt best illustrate which of the following?

A. The Second Great Awakening

"Still, though a slaveholder, I freely acknowledge my obligations as a man; and I am bound to treat humanely the fellow creatures whom God has entrusted to my charge. ... It is certainly in the interest of all, and I am convinced it is the desire of every one of us, to treat our slaves with proper kindness." — Letter from former South Carolina governor James Henry Hammond, 1845 "Standing with God and the crushed and bleeding slave on this occasion, I will, in the name of humanity which is outraged, in the name of Liberty which is fettered, in the name of the constitution and Bible, which are disregarded and trampled upon, dare to call in question and denounce ... slavery 'the great sin and shame of America'!" — Frederick Douglass, speech titled "The Meaning of July Fourth for the Negro," 1852 The language used in both excerpts most directly reflects the influence of which of the following?

A. The Second Great Awakening

Emerson's remarks in the excerpt most directly reflected which of the following developments during the early nineteenth century?

A. The emergence of a national culture

Which of the following historical developments contributed most directly to the market revolution?

A. The emergence of new forms of transportation

"As [political leader Henry] Clay envisioned it [in the 1820s], the American System constituted the... basis for social improvement.... Through sale of its enormous land holdings, the federal government could well afford to subsidize internal improvements. By levying protective tariffs, the government should foster the development of American manufacturing and agricultural enterprises that, in their infancy, might not be able to withstand foreign competition. The promotion of industry would create a home market for agricultural commodities, just as farms provided a market for manufactured products." Daniel Walker Howe, historian, What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815-1848, published in 2007 Which of the following most directly made possible the ideas described in the excerpt?

B. Innovations including textile machinery, steam engines, and interchangeable parts

Which of the following aspects of life in the United States in the early nineteenth century most likely influenced Adams' recollection of Revolutionary events?

B. The development of a national culture and national identity

Which of the following cultural and social shifts resulted most directly from the trends described in the excerpt?

B. The emergence of new ideas about the proper roles of husbands and wives

Which of the following contributed most directly to the population movement described in the excerpt?

B. The overcultivation of the soil

One major change in United States politics from the 1820s to the mid-1850s was the

B. rise of political parties defined largely by regional interests

"Few wives in antebellum America enjoyed a life free from labor. Family life depended on the smooth performance of an extensive array of unpaid occupations in the household, and on the presence . . . of someone to provide that work—to supervise the children through the vicissitudes of a changing social and economic order; to make and mend clothes, quilts, pillows, and other household furnishings; to shop for items the household could afford . . . , and scavenge . . . for those it could not; to clean, cook, and bake; and, whenever necessary, to move from unpaid to paid labor to bolster the household income. The growth . . . of the cash [economy] of the Northeast had not rendered this labor superfluous. Nor had it reduced housework to unskilled labor." Jeanne Boydston, historian, Home and Work, 1990 Which of the following most directly contributed to the situation described in the excerpt?

C. The market revolution

The economic growth of the South relied primarily on the export of goods to which of the following?

D. Europe

The change depicted on the maps most directly contributed to which of the following?

D. The creation of more interconnected and efficient markets for consumer goods

The excerpt from James Henry Hammond is most clearly an example of which of the following developments in the mid-19th century?

D. The growing tendency among Southern slaveholders to justify slavery as a positive good

Based on the excerpt, the westward migration by the Mormons in the 1830s and 1840s was most likely motivated by the

D. need to take refuge from persecution

The ideas expressed in the excerpt emerged most directly from a larger intellectual debate over the

D. relationship between the federal government and the states

The call for the "immediate and uncompensated emancipation of the slaves" is associated with the position of

E. William Lloyd Garrison in The Liberator