unit 5: naming compounds
what is the diatomic rule?
7-7-7: there are 7 diatomics, they make the shape of 7, seventh one is Hydrogen (H2)
what are the exceptions in ionic bonding?
Ag+, Zn2+, Cd2+
write the chemical formula for dibromine heptaoxide
Br2O7
write the chemical formula for dinitrogen pentasulfide
N2S5
write the chemical formula for: nitrogen trichloride
Ncl3
The VSEPR theory stands for:
Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion theory (electrons in a molecule spread as far away from each other as possible to reduce like charge repulsion between electrons)
name Al2(CO3)3
aluminum carbonate
what are the types of acids?
binary- H with element; and oxyacids-contain oxygen (polyatomic- ate to ic, ite to ous)
Name Cd(OH)2
cadmium hydroxide
name: H2CO3
carbonic acid
shapes of molecules are important because:
determine molecule's properties and uses
non polar covalent bonds occur between:
diatomic molecules
name the compound: Cl2O7
dichlorine heptaoxide
name the compound: P2O5
diphosphorous pentaoxide
in a non polar covalent bond, there is ________________ share of electrons
equal
electronegativity is greatest at:
fluorine
covalent bonds are named by _______________
greek prefixes
name the compound: S7O8
heptasulfur octaoxide
how do you name a binary acid?
hydro-root-ic (acid)
name HNO
hyponitrous acid
a molecule with 2 domains, 2 bonding domains, has what domain geometry? what molecular geometry?
linear; linear
in Lewis structures, ______________ form bonds
lonely valences
name the compound: MnCrO4
manganese (II) chromate
covalent compounds are also known as _______________
molecular
name HNO3
nitric acid
covalent bonds are typically between _____________
nonmetals (because electrognegativities are similar)
An electronegativity difference of 0-0.4 is _____________. 0.5-1.7 is ____________. 1.8-4.0 is ________
nonpolar covalent; polar covalent; ionic
prefix in a covalent bond represents ____________________
number of atoms+element name
name PF5
phosphorous pentafluoride
covalent bonds consist of two types:
polar and non polar (polar-opposite ends; non polar- no opposites)
In a ______________ bond, as in H-Cl, one atom typically has a negative charge; the other, a positive
polar covalent
how do you name an oxyacid?
root- ic/ous (acid)
in covalent bonds, electrons are _____________
shared (electrons are not lost or gained, so there is no charge)
Name AgF
silver fluoride
name the compound: SF6
sulfur hexafluoride
a molecule with 4 domains, 2 bonding and 2 nonbonding domains, has what domain geometry? molecular geometry?
tetrahedral bent
a molecule with 4 domains, 4 bonding domains, has what domain geometry? molecular geometry?
tetrahedral; tetrahedral
a molecule with 4 domains, 3 bonding and 1 nonbonding domain, has what domain geometry? molecular geometry?
tetrahedral; trigonal pyramidal
In an ionic bond, electrons are _______________
transferred from metal to nonmetal (nonmetals have higher electronegativity
a molecule with 3 domains, 2 bonding domains and 1 nonbonding, has what domain geometry? molecular geometry?
trigonal planar; bent
a molecule with 3 domains, 3 bonding domains, has what domain geometry? what molecular geometry?
trigonal planar; trigonal planar
in a polar covalent bond, there is ________________ share of electrons
unequal
