Unit 5- Post Civil War US
What did land grants provide?
- a route - gave land to sell to raise money for building of the tracks
Homestead Act
- encouraged settlement -provided land to people in the west as long as they agreed to make their home there
Capital
-BUS -tariff -subsidies
What did the the transcontinental railroad do?
-Railroad Companies land grants -created national economy market created large body of Chinese immigrants Huge impact of Native Americans
Domestic Affairs
-Rapid economic growth -Westward fostered by government policies: support/encouraged
What are some government policies or technological advances that contributed to post-civil war westward expansion
-Transcontinental RR -Homestead Act -Indian Wars
Where was gold and silver discovered
Colorado
Failed attempt to assimilate Plain Indians
Dawes Act
What did overproduction of wheat do?
Decreased price and increased production
This act controlled railroad rates and policies
Interstate Commerce Act 1889
What group wanted Gold Standard?
bankers, businessmen
What was the main domestic issue
bimentalism
What led to the Indians Wars?
broke treaties
What did the Boss do?
controlled jobs, business license & influenced the court system
political machines
controlled the activities & city government political party in a city
17th amendment
direct election of US senators
What is capitalism?
economic system in which means of production are owned and controlled by individuals for profit
What group wanted Bimentalism
farmers
What was the 16th amendment
federal income tax
Why the bank?
high interests on loans-foreclosures
Why the RR?
high rates to transport produce
What did the Sherman Anti-trust Act do?
illegal to form monopolies
Support of candidates who are sympathetic with farmers issues
political
political corruption
problem in cities
18th amendment
prohibition
What did populism not worry about?
prohobition
What were Union Leader Radicals?
rounded up and executed for crime
Who were craft Unions?
skilled workers in skilled trade
How did the Craft union strike become more effectively?
skilled workers were harder to replace
government control of economy
socialism
What id philanthropy mean?
very rich people who give away lots of money
What were the four parts of the Wisconsin idea
women suffrage, primary, referendum, Recall
19th amendment
womens suffrage
labor
workers immigration
Referendum
yes/no votes
What did Carnegie call philanthropy?what did it mean?
¨Gospel of wealth¨ which mean successful people should give back to society
What was William Jennings Bryan famous quote?
¨cross of gold¨
What created a national economy by uniting all parts of the country?
Transcontinental RR
Haymarket affair
3,000 people gathered at Haymarket square to protest police treatment of striking workers
What were the 2 main women suffragettes?
Carrie Chapman Alice paul
What Act limited number of chinese immigrant?
Chinese Exclusion Act
Created the quote of ¨survival of the fittest¨
Herbert Spencer
¨rags of riches¨
Horatio Alger´s
Land
Indian removal Expansion pf the west sanctity land grants subsidy
Recall
allow votes to remove on office
What was the general strike?
other rail workers struck in sympathy
What was the real cause of economic distress?
overproduction
Subsidy
payment from the government for a specific economic purpose
Primary
people choose candidate
Four facts of Plain Indians
-nomadic -hunted Buffalo -communal -White settlers and Plain Indians cannot co-exist
Land grants
-provided land on which build, materials with which to build, and workers to railroad companies
What are the 2 wilson amendments?
16 and 17
What are 2 Roosevelt amendment?
18 & 19
what was the first Craft union?
AFT- American Federal Labor
Who was the owner of US steel?
Andrew Carnegie
Who did they blame?
Banks and railroads
Crusters last stand
Battle of the little big horn
Paper money banked by gold or silver, more money=worth less
Bimentalism
What is Horizontal Integration
Buying companies that produce similar products- in thus case other steel companies- Rockefeller
Who invented electricity?
Edison
What were the 2 Wilson Acts?
Federal Reserve Act Clayton Anti-trust Act
Why was J.P Morgan called ¨Robber Barons¨?
For his cut-throat tactics
What movement was the new religion among the Sioux that increased tension with the Army prior to the Wounded Knee Massacre?
Ghost movement
dollars backed by gold, less $=worth more
Gold standard
State laws that regulate RR But supreme court found this unconstitutional because only federal laws can regulate interstate commerce
Granger laws
Migration of African American from southern to northern industrial cities
Great Migration
A Century of dishonor
Helen Hunt Jackson
Railroad people
Leland Stanford Cornelius vanderbilt
What act inspected meat packing industry?
Meat Inspection act
What is it called when two or more companies combine?
Merger
What is Grange?
Organization of farmers
What does political activism leads to?
Populism
¨revolt of the farmers¨
Populist movement
What strike was when Pullman Company land of thousands of workers and cut wages, workers went on strike?
Pullman Strike
What Act banned use of harmful additives- required truth in advertising and created FDA?
Pure food and Drug Act
Which strike was when workers from railroads struck to protest wage cuts?
Railroad strike
What is ROSE?
Railroad, Oil, Steel, Electricity
Who´s company was the Standard Oil- horizontal and vertical Integration?
Rockefeller
Which battle was where 270 cheyanne were killed by US army?
Sand Creek Massacre
What were the battles of Indians Wars?
Sand Creek Massacre, Battle of the Little Big horn, Wounded Knee Massacre
What act did the Supreme court use to jail Debs?
Sherman Anti-trust
Belief that success is a sign of God´s favor and poverty is the result of inferiority and laziness
Social Darwiness
Who was Eugene Debs?
Socialist labor leader. He tried to settle the dispute In the Pullman strike but it had turned violent
What was Knights of labor
Union called in Chicago strike at the Haymarket affair
Tammany Halls-NYC
William Maney Tweed¨Boss Tweed¨
Who was the Republican candidate in the Election 1896?
William McKinley
Who was the Populist Democrat candidate in the Election 1896?
Williams Jennings Bryan
Which battle ended the Indian Wars?
Wounded Knee Massacre
What happened at the Haymarket affair?
a bomb exploded
What is the Bessemer process?
a new method for making steel
What did populist party wanted?
income tax, popular election of senators, secret ballots, 8-hours work day
Technology
interstate commerce patent law
Entrepreneurship-promote
interstate commerce sanctity
What did Transcontinental railroad encourage?
killing of the buffalo
Government keeps their hands off economy
laissez-faire capatilism
The moving of people
migration
What did Vertical and Horizontal integration create?
monopolies
What is Vertical Integration of steel?
one company controls every step of the manufacturing process from raw material to finished product
Who were anarchists?
oppose all organized government
nativist
oppose immigration, favored native-born americans
