UNIT 5 psych 101 bsu final review

The first psychological therapy was introduced by Answers: A. Sigmund Freud. B. Aaron Beck. C. Carl Rogers. D. Joseph Wolpe.

Selected Answer: A. Sigmund Freud.

Anthony is 32 years old, well above average in intelligence, and quite charming. He has swindled several older people out of their life savings, and he seems to have little feeling for his victims, nor does he fear the consequences of getting caught. His behavior is evidence of Answers: A. a personality disorder. B. a dissociative disorder. C. agoraphobia. D. obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Selected Answer: A. a personality disorder.

An immediate and irrational anxiety response to the mere sight of blood is indicative of Answers: A. a specific phobia. B. schizoid personality disorder. C. fugue. D. a dissociative disorder.

Selected Answer: A. a specific phobia.

When Murli told his therapist, "I came to see what you could do for me," the therapist responded, "It sounds like you're feeling you need some help. Am I right?" The therapist's response illustrates the technique of Answers: A. active listening. B. free association. C. transference. D. systematic desensitization.

Selected Answer: A. active listening.

Which of the following disorders is more common among men than women? Answers: A. antisocial personality disorder B. obsessive-compulsive disorder C. dissociative identity disorder D. agoraphobia

Selected Answer: A. antisocial personality disorder

Connie exhibits multiple personalities. Evidence that information learned by her secondary personality influences the moods and behaviors of her primary personality would most clearly rule out the contribution of ________ to her symptoms. Answers: A. dissociation B. sexual trauma C. role playing D. motivational conflict Question 20

Selected Answer: A. dissociation

One of the defining characteristics of disorganized schizophrenia is emotion. Answers: A. flat or inappropriate emotion. B. excessive, purposeless movement. C. delusions of grandeur. D. extreme negativism.

Selected Answer: A. flat or inappropriate

The billionaire aviator Howard Hughes insisted that his assistants carry out elaborate hand-washing rituals and wear white gloves when handling any document he would later touch. His behavior best illustrated the symptoms of Answers: A. obsessive-compulsive disorder. B. schizophrenia. C. dissociative disorder. D. antisocial personality disorder.

Selected Answer: A. obsessive-compulsive disorder.

The least used biomedical intervention for changing behavior is Answers: A. psychosurgery. B. drug therapy. C. electroconvulsive therapy. D. rTMS.

Selected Answer: A. psychosurgery.

Most combat-stressed soldiers do not later exhibit PTSD. This best illustrates survivor Answers: A. resiliency. B. reinforcement. C. paranoia. D. dissociation.

Selected Answer: A. resiliency.

Jabar, a 25-year-old auto mechanic, thinks he is Napoleon. He further believes he is being imprisoned against his will in the psychiatric hospital where his relatives have brought him for treatment. Jabar is most likely suffering from Answers: A. schizophrenia. B. obsessive-compulsive disorder. C. bipolar disorder. D. mood disorder.

Selected Answer: A. schizophrenia.

Lynn has begun to buy small gifts for her therapist, and she feels extremely jealous of the time he spends with his other patients. To a psychoanalyst, this is most indicative of Answers: A. transference. B. unconditional positive regard. C. free association. D. the placebo effect.

Selected Answer: A. transference.

A therapist who takes an eclectic approach is one who Answers: A. uses a variety of psychological theories and therapeutic approaches. B. prefers to engage in therapy in a group setting. C. prescribes the use of drugs as part of psychotherapy. D. emphasizes that active listening is the major technique in all effective therapies.

Selected Answer: A. uses a variety of psychological theories and therapeutic approaches.

Research regarding depression indicates that Answers: A. with each new generation, depression is increasing in its prevalence. B. depression is associated with abnormally high levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin. C. depression is typically unrelated to stressful life events. D. depression is unlikely to be overcome without professional help.

Selected Answer: A. with each new generation, depression is increasing in its prevalence.

As provided in lecture, _____________ is a lack of speech or appropriate speech. Answers: Affective flattening Alogia Anhedonia Avolition

Selected Answer: Alogia

Which of the following is the best description of behavior modification? Answers: A. What a client says during the course of therapy is repeated or rephrased. B. People's actions are influenced by controlling the consequences of those actions. C. People are helped to identify various anxiety-arousing experiences. D. Attention is focused on patients' positive and negative feelings toward their therapists.

Selected Answer: B. People's actions are influenced by controlling the consequences of those actions.

ECT studies that include a control condition in which people receive simulated ECT without the shock indicate that the effectiveness of ECT is partially due to Answers: A. light exposure. B. a placebo effect. C. progressive relaxation. D. tardive dyskinesia.

Selected Answer: B. a placebo effect.

To help Claire quit smoking, a therapist delivers an electric shock to her arm each time she smokes a cigarette. The therapist is using Answers: A. systematic desensitization. B. aversive conditioning. C. virtual reality exposure therapy. D. cognitive-behavioral therapy.

Selected Answer: B. aversive conditioning.

Helping people gain insight into the unconscious origins of their disorder is a central aim of Answers: A. psychoanalysis. B. cognitive therapies. C. systematic desensitization. D. light exposure therapy.

Selected Answer: B. cognitive therapies.

Luke suffers from acrophobia, a fear of high places. Luke's therapist suggests that his reaction to heights is a generalization of the fear triggered by a childhood playground accident in which he fell off a jungle gym. The therapist's suggestion highlights the influence of Answers: A. explanatory style. B. conditioning. C. temperament. D. dissociation.

Selected Answer: B. conditioning.

Psychoanalysts would be most likely to discourage patients from Answers: A. taking antianxiety drugs during the course of psychotherapy. B. discontinuing psychotherapy whenever they felt it was no longer necessary. C. experiencing strong positive or negative feelings for their therapist. D. talking about anxiety-arousing material during therapy.

Selected Answer: B. discontinuing psychotherapy whenever they felt it was no longer necessary.

Psychopharmacology involves the study of how Answers: A. diseases influence psychological well-being. B. drugs affect mind and behavior. C. psychosurgery and ECT influence emotions. D. exercise alleviates depression.

Selected Answer: B. drugs affect mind and behavior.

Professor Pott emphasizes that normal depression serves an adaptive function by slowing people down and preventing them from engaging in life-threatening behaviors. The professor's emphasis best illustrates the ________ perspective. Answers: A. epigenetic B. evolutionary C. social-cognitive D. psychoanalytic

Selected Answer: B. evolutionary

Delusions of persecution are most common among those with ________ schizophrenia. Answers: A. disorganized B. paranoid C. residual D. catatonic

Selected Answer: B. paranoid

Bolstering parents' and teachers' skills at nurturing children's achievement and resulting self-esteem best illustrates Answers: A. meta-analysis. B. preventive mental health. C. virtual reality exposure therapy. D. counterconditioning.

Selected Answer: B. preventive mental health.

A disorder in which a person loses contact with reality and experiences irrational ideas and disordered perceptions is a Answers: A. phobia. B. psychosis. C. bulimia nervosa. D. dissociation.

Selected Answer: B. psychosis.

Inserting a medical instrument through each eye socket was part of a procedure known as Answers: A. rTMS. B. the double-blind procedure. C. a lobotomy. D. vagus nerve stimulation.

Selected Answer: C. a lobotomy.

Kaylee is so afraid of spiders and insects that she avoids most outdoor activities and even refuses to go to the basement of her own house alone. Kaylee appears to suffer from Answers: A. dissociative disorder. B. obsessive-compulsive disorder. C. a phobia. D. histrionic personality disorder.

Selected Answer: C. a phobia.

n important feature of client-centered therapy is Answers: A. systematic desensitization. B. free association. C. active listening. D. transference.

Selected Answer: C. active listening.

The genes that put people at risk for antisocial personality disorder also increase the risk for Answers: A. schizophrenia. B. panic disorder. C. alcohol dependence. D. dissociative anxiety disorder.

Selected Answer: C. alcohol dependence.

An integrative therapy that aims to modify both self-defeating thinking and maladaptive actions is known as Answers: A. meta-analysis. B. light exposure therapy. C. cognitive-behavioral therapy. D. psychodynamic therapy.

Selected Answer: C. cognitive-behavioral therapy.

During psychotherapy, Leon would begin to stutter whenever he began discussing personally sensitive thoughts. Sigmund Freud would have been likely to interpret this stuttering as Answers: A. resilience. B. transference. C. resistance. D. a placebo effect.

Selected Answer: C. resistance.

Flat affect and catatonia are symptoms most closely associated with Answers: A. obsessive-compulsive disorder. B. bipolar disorder. C. schizophrenia. D. antisocial personality disorder.

Selected Answer: C. schizophrenia.

Prozac is an antidepressant drug that partially blocks the reabsorption and removal of ________ from synapses. Answers: A. acetylcholine B. dopamine C. serotonin D. chlorpromazine

Selected Answer: C. serotonin

Virtual reality exposure therapy is a form of Answers: A. aversive conditioning. B. psychodynamic therapy. C. systematic desensitization. D. transference.

Selected Answer: C. systematic desensitization.

The interaction of genetic predispositions, mental processes, and cultural circumstances is most clearly emphasized by Answers: A. DSM-IV-TR. B. the psychotic perspective. C. the biopsychosocial approach. D. the medical model.

Selected Answer: C. the biopsychosocial approach.

When testing a new drug, researchers control for a placebo effect by using Answers: A. neurogenesis. B. rTMS. C. the double-blind procedure. D. deep-brain stimulation.

Selected Answer: C. the double-blind procedure.

The experience of multiple personalities is most likely to be characterized by Selected Answer: D. a massive dissociation of self from ordinary consciousness. Answers: A. distressing, persistent anxiety. B. a lack of guilt feelings. C. offensive and unwanted thoughts that persistently preoccupy a person. D. a massive dissociation of self from ordinary consciousness.

Selected Answer: D. a massive dissociation of self from ordinary

While he was studying, Matthew was suddenly overwhelmed by feelings of intense apprehension. For several minutes he felt so agitated that he could not catch his breath. Matthew was most likely suffering from Answers: A. dissociation. B. obsessive-compulsive disorder. C. generalized anxiety disorder. D. a panic attack.

Selected Answer: D. a panic attack.

The term psychopath refers to an individual with Answers: A. dissociative identity disorder. B. schizoid personality disorder. C. generalized anxiety disorder. D. antisocial personality disorder.

Selected Answer: D. antisocial personality disorder.

The distinctive features used to identify the three clusters of personality disorders are Answers: A. obsessions, compulsions, and delusions. B. optimism, pessimism, and perfectionism. C. genetics, culture, and self-awareness. D. anxiety, eccentricity, and impulsivity.

Selected Answer: D. anxiety, eccentricity, and impulsivity.

Schizophrenia is associated with an excess of receptors for Answers: A. serotonin. B. acetylcholine. C. norepinephrine. D. dopamine.

Selected Answer: D. dopamine.

The heritability of bipolar disorder has been estimated to be ________ than the heritability of major depressive disorder and ________ than the heritability of generalized anxiety disorder. Answers: A. less; greater B. greater; less C. less; less D. greater; greater

Selected Answer: D. greater; greater

Brain scans of people with ________ reveal higher-than-normal activity in brain areas involved in habitual behaviors. Answers: A. antisocial personality disorder B. dissociative identity disorder C. major depressive disorder D. obsessive-compulsive disorder

Selected Answer: D. obsessive-compulsive disorder

D-cycloserine helps relieve the symptoms of Answers: A. schizophrenia. B. antisocial personality. C. bipolar disorder. D. obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Selected Answer: D. obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Positive symptoms of schizophrenia are the ________ of inappropriate behaviors, and negative symptoms are the ________ of appropriate behaviors. Answers: A. presence; presence B. absence; absence C. absence; presence D. presence; absence

Selected Answer: D. presence; absence

Some genes influence anxiety disorders by regulating levels of neurotransmitters such as ________, which influences sleep and mood. Answers: A. epinephrine B. myelin C. acetylcholine D. serotonin

Selected Answer: D. serotonin

As provided in lecture, the main reason individuals who have schizophrenia have a lower life expectancy is lack of ________________. Answers: Medications Family Hygiene Resources

Selected Answer: Hygiene

As discussed in lecture, a negative symptom of schizophrenia would be limited to no range of facial expression, also known as ___. Answers: alogia anhedonia avolition affective flattening

Selected Answer: affective flattening

As presented in lecture during the video, Mary's belief that she was God's helper incognito is an example of ______________, which is a symptom of a manic episode. Answers: delusions of grandeur irritation little need for sleep fugue state

Selected Answer: delusions of grandeur

As Dr. Henderson discussed in lecture, the three D's that help to define abnormality are _________, ___________, and ____________. Answers: dysfunction, dichotomy, delirium deviance, distress, dysfunction deviance, damage, dimness dimness, distress, disaster

Selected Answer: deviance, distress, dysfunction

As discussed in lecture, the main reason it is so hard to keep bipolar patients on medication is because they begin to miss the sensation of ____ . Answers: depression hallucinations delusions euphoria

Selected Answer: euphoria

As described in lecture, a __ _ state is described as a moment when someone "zones out" or becomes detached from reality during a conversation. Answers: delusional fugue agitated inflated

Selected Answer: fugue

As discussed in lecture, ___ symptoms are defined by an absence or insufficiency of normal behavior. Answers: positive bad negative good

Selected Answer: negative

In lecture, Dr. Henderson mentioned that comorbidity is when one is diagnosed with more than ______ disorder. Answers: five one three two

Selected Answer: one

As presented in lecture during the video, Mary displayed ______________ as a symptom of her manic episode since she was messing around on her husband in a sexually promiscuous way. Answers: lowered self-esteem over-involvement in activities reckless behavior great need for sleep

Selected Answer: reckless behavior